R42path Herbert.kmz

R42path Herbert

R42-007 Larr : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072906 coordinate: lat 27.683362 long 54.34172
NIMA/GNS names: Lar , Larestan , Shahr-e Qadim-e Lar , شهر قدیم لار , لار ,
VARIANT names: Laar , Laer , Lar , Lara , Larr , Lhaar , Lhor ,
SOURCE for Laar
« et après m'être remis enchemin, et avoir passé bien des caravanserais,de petites citernes, des canaux d'eau souterrains,quantité de masures et de ruines d'édifices, cnapprochant de la ville de Laar, j'y entrai sur lesonze heures du matin, [and after getting back on my way, and having passed many caravans, small cisterns, underground water channels, a number of hovels and ruins of buildings, approaching the town of Laar, I entered it on eleven o'clock in the morning,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 479
« Le 27, j'arrivai à Laar, au point du jour, car on ne me portoit que de nuit, à cause de la chaleur; [On the 27th, I arrived at Laar, at daybreak, because they only took me at night, because of the heat;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 80
« The tenth I had very ill way along the mountain: I preferred this before another fairer way, which I might have taken by the Plains, but more about by four Leagues: Late at night I came to the City of Laar. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 4
SOURCE for Laer
« Le chemin delà juſques à Laer eft rempli de maifons de campagnede jardins. Nous traverfämes cette villeallåmes loger de l'autre côté, après une traite de 4. lieuës [The path beyond to Laer is filled with country houses and gardens. We crossed this town and went to stay on the other side, after a journey of 4 leagues] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316
« 15 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385
« Laer (Lar) for each carga half a mahmudi for rahdāri, in the case of silk one mahmūdi. If nothing has been paid in Küristan tolls have to be paid here. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321
SOURCE for Lar
« The invasion of Persia by the Afghans in 1721-22 was accompanied by an incursion of Baluchis from Makran into Kirman and Lar, where they committed serious depredations. In November 1721 the Baluchi hordes attacked the town of Lar, and in particular a caravansarai occupied by twelve Dutchmen who were escorting treasure of the Dutch East India Company; but the Hollanders beat off the attack with great loss to their assailants and with none to themselves, and subsequently, having removed into the Lår fort, defended that also with success. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 63
« In a detailed article published in 1979,1 Heinz Gaube made an important contribution to our knowledge of the various stages of the important trade route which connected Bandar `Abbas with Lar, and onwards with Shiraz and Isfahan. In addition, Gaube gave us detailed information on the three types of khans or caravanserais which provided the traveler with shelter and often with food and fodder supplies on this route. By comparing the description of this trade route by Wilson in 1907 with those of some seventeenth century travelers Gaube concluded that very little had changed in 300 years. He » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 251
« 23rd March, Lar, 6 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to
2 p.m. The Iwaz plain is twenty miles long, and little more than a mile wide. ... Lar has a garrison of thirty artillerymen, with six guns. The guns were stowed in the verandah of the Bagh-i- Nishat, so I had opportunities of inspecting them. They are one 12-pounder, one 9-pounder, and four 6-pounders ; all bronze guns. Four were cast in Tabriz, and two in Enzeli by a Tabriz workman. ... Lar has trade with Bombay through the three ports of Linga, Bandar Abbas, and Tahiri. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 132 and 141-2
« [fol. 204r] The city of Lār, the capital of Carmania Deserta, is most ancient and is greatly esteemed by all the local Arabs. It is situated at the end of a large plain where the mountains, which run continously to this point, withdraw on both sides, and the terrain flattens out and opens up, creating an area more than three leagues wide. The mountains draw closer together again a little way past the city, creating a narrow pass or gorge through which the road leads to Shirāz. Lār is a little smaller than Hormuz, though its streets are not quite as narrow, nor are the houses as nicely built. The houses of Lār all have mud walls, plastered on the inside with that mud mixed with small bits of straw that was mentioned in the description of the fortress of Bandel. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 304
« Della Valle succumbed to the same fever, sensibly decided to leave the wretched Minab and somehow, in a state of semi-consciousness, survived the long, agonizing journey to Lar, an old town on the main route from Gamrf to Shiraz and a summer retreat for the coastal towns.(47) There he remained from January to June 1622, slowly recovering, readjusting his life and finding the determination to continue his travels. fn. 47 For Lår, its earlier history, contemporary seventeenth century accounts and an excellent bibliography, see Jean Calmard, Lär, Laristan', Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.), v, 665-76; Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique vues par les voyageurs européens (1640-1720), Paris, 1978; J. Aubin, Références pour Lar médiévale', Journal Asiatique, CCXLIII, 1955, 491-505. » #3215 J. D. Gurney, Pietro della Valle: The Limits of Perception, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, Vol. 49:No. 1,:pp. 103-116 ~ p. 111
« Im Jahre 1960 erschütterte ein schweres Erdbeben die Altstadt von Lar und ver- nichtete oder beschädigte zahlreiche historische Bauten. Die Stadt wurde an anderer Stelle etwa sechs Kilometer südlich wieder aufgebaut, das eigentliche Zentrum bildet aber die heute wieder instandgesetzte Altstadt mit der Bezeichnung Shahr-e qadim. Das Ortsbild von Lar läßt heute nur noch teilweise den mittelalterlichen oder safavidi- schen Zustand erkennen. [In 1960, a severe earthquake shook the old town of Lar and destroyed or damaged numerous historical buildings. The city was rebuilt at another location about six kilometers south, forming the actual center but the old town, which has been restored today and is called Shahr-e qadim. The townscape of Lar today only partially shows its medieval or Safavid condition.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p.327
« Il n'y a que deux carvanseras à Lar, l'un dans la ville qui n'est pas trop bon, et l'autre au bout de la ville, du côté d'Ormus, qui serait assez commode, n'était qu'il se remplit d'eau quand les grandes pluies viennent à tomber, et il faut attendre quelquefois des jours entiers que les eaux soient écoulées. [There are only two carvanseras in Lar, one in the town which is not too good, and the other at the end of town, on the Ormus side, which would be quite convenient, was only It fills with water when the heavy rains fall, and you sometimes have to wait for whole days for the water to drain.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 317-8
« 12 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360
« Après l'avoir passé, nous arrivons enfin à Lâr, où nous descendons chez le gouverneur, qui nous avait fait préparer un logement dans son palais. [After passing it, we finally arrive at Lâr, where we stay at the governor's, who had prepared accommodation for us in his palace.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433
« And from Tarum I journeyed to Lar (27), and from Lar to Bandar fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. fn. 26 Batman, a weight varying locally.fn. 27 Lar, a town in southern Iran. Nikitin visited it twice. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109
« Retornando su la riva preditta a l'incontro de Ormuos se ritrova una terra chiamata Lar; 323) è terra grossa e bona; fa fogi .2000.; è mercadantesca e di passo, imperhochè quelli che vanno e vengono per questo colpho sempre danno di capo a questa terra. fn. 323. Lär è oggi, come ai tempi del Barbaro, la principale città dell'omonimo distretto del Fürs. Sorgeva su una delle strade carovaniere che congiungevano Shiraz con Hurmuz e in tempi più recenti con Bandar-Abbas. Il mercante e viaggiatore russo Afanasii Nikitin la visitò nel 1469, e poi di nuovo nel 1472, ma ha poco da raccontarne. Pietro della Valle soggiorno qualche tempo Lar al principio del 1622; cfr. i suoi Viaggi, ed. Torino (Brighton), 1843, III, pp. 301-326 0 332336. Per una breve descrizione della città, ed una incisione che ne mostra una parte, cfr. C. DE BRUYN, Travels into Muscovy, Persia and Part of the East-Indies, cit., II, p. 69. (Lo.) [Returning to the aforementioned shore at the meeting of Ormuos, one finds a land called Lar; 323) it is large and good land; it has 2000 leaves; it is a merchant and a transit land, because those who come and go by this river always end up at this land. fn. 323. Lär is today, as in the time of Barbaro, the principal city of the homonymous district of the Fürs. It arose on one of the caravan routes that connected Shiraz with Hurmuz and in more recent times with Bandar-Abbas. The Russian merchant and traveler Afanasii Nikitin visited it in 1469, and then again in 1472, but has little to say about it. Pietro della Valle stayed for some time in Lar at the beginning of 1622; cf. his Travels, ed. Turin (Brighton), 1843, III, pp. 301-326 0 332336. For a brief description of the city, and an engraving showing part of it, see C. DE BRUYN, Travels into Muscovy, Persia and Part of the East-Indies, cit., II, p. 69. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 148
« From there we continued our march for three days through [another] desert like the former, and came to the city of Lar, a large city with many springs and perennial streams and gardens, and with fine bazaars. (133) We stayed there in the hospice of the ascetic shaikh Abū Dulaf Muhammad (134) he was the person that we had in mind to visit at Khunju Pal.fn. 131764 This is the earliest mention of a town of Lar; the contemporary Persian geographer Mustawff (138) mentions Lär only as a district near the seacoast (adding, strangely, 'Its population are Muslims'), but twice men- tions the town of Laghir, on the main road to Shiraz, twelve farsakhs north- west of Khunj (176, n. 2).fn. 134 Not identified » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 p. 405
SOURCE for Lara
« Per monti e ſaſſi dirupati cammi nammo 7. ore il Sabato 2. ed a fine di 20-miglia giugnemmo in Lara Città capitale del Regno di tal nome. [We walked for 7 hours on Saturday 2nd through mountains and steep cliffs and at the end of 20 miles we reached Lara, the capital city of the Kingdom of that name.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 272
« Nous n'entråmes donc à Lara que le lendemain matin, et y trouvámes quatre Portugais résidents, qui attendaient là avec leurs marchandises de pouvoir se rendre à Ormuz. En effet, si l'on pouvait venir d'Ormuz en Perse, la route était coupée dans l'autre sens en raison de la guerre entre le Sofi et le roi d'Ormuz. [We therefore only entered Lara the next morning, and found there four Portuguese residents, who were waiting there with their goods to be able to go to Ormuz. Indeed, if one could come from Hormuz to Persia, the road was cut in the other direction due to the war between the Sofi and the king of Hormuz.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103
« From here they set out, and on their journeys they went to the city of Lara, » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 250
SOURCE for Larr
« we sett forward and came to the citie of Larr [Lar] , where we were curteously entertayned by the darago, and a howse apoynted for vs to ly in, wth our provissions according to the quanti tie of the formaund sent in for three dayes together. Here we picht, hauing traveled 5 1ges. of a resonable waye but somthing stonie. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ pp. 82-3
« [28th February]. About 4 afternoon sett out for Larr, 5 farsangs; the first two very good way till come to Picataw, a good caravensaroy lyeing at the foot of a great mountain which must clime over to goe the other three farsangs to Laar. Stoney way.
note:Diary of 28 February 1707/8.
Laar. Lâr. Here again where one would expect a description of the city, Scattergood passes it over without remark. See Fryer (II, 190) and Le Bruyn (II, 69), who has an illustration of "Laer." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49
SOURCE for Lhaar
« (die uyt Chiras, om met sijn wijn- caffila naer Bandhaar Gamron te verreysen twee dagen voorleden in Lhaar gecomen was [(who had arrived in Lhaar from Chiras two days before with his wine caffila to go to Bandhaar Gamron] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 45
« Deze ftad Lhaar legt op en tufſchen het gebergte, is tamelyk bebouwd, en vertoond zig door 't geboomte zeer vermakelyk. Het Kasteel legt op een berg, en is vry groot. De Wazier woond op een andren berg in cen treffelyk gebouw. Hier heeft men een uitnemende fchoone Balaar, of markt, met zeer nette gewelfzelen overdekt. Hier zyn ook veel Jooden. [This town of Lhaar lies on top of the mountains, is fairly built up, and is very attractive because of the trees. The Castle is located on a mountain, and is quite large. De Wazier lived on another mountain in a beautiful building. Here there is an excellent beautiful Balaar, or market, covered with very neat vaults. There are also many Jews here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 265
« Den 20. dito ten 2 uuren des 's nagts uyt Lhaar vertrokken zynde: quam zyn Ed: ten 7 uuren in het dorp Dehikoe [On the 20th of the same day, having left Lhaar at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed arrived at the village of Dehikoe at 7 o'clock.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
« Den 31. dito na 4 mylen dito ontrent 1 myl van Lhaar, bezoekende ondertufichen malkandren over en weder. [The 31st ditto after 4 miles ditto about 1 mile from Lhaar, meanwhile visiting each other.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Lhor
« Lhor is a City of an Ancient Date, and still retains its Name, which for that it was so guarded by Nature that it could not easily be conquered, held many Ages the Majesty of a Kingdom; but now it is governed by a Puritanical Caun (for that he has visited Ma/iomefs Tomb) under the Persian Emperor » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 191

R42-002 Gacheen
R42-002 Gacheen : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.144946 long 55.877197
Supplement: see place name « Madi »
VARIANT names: Caravansera , Gacheen , Gachin , Gatchin , Gedji (Gätschin) , Gesje , Getche , Getfie , Getje , Getschijen , Ghetʃchi , Gitsi , Gitsy , Gochine , Guetchy , Karavanserail Gecine (newer) , Kishigan ,
SOURCE for Caravansera
« but my indisposition kept me there till the 22. of February. That day I travelled six leagues to a Caravansera, where I rested my self till the heat of the day was over, and then got three leagues further to another Caravansera. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 5
SOURCE for Gacheen
« Next night wee got to Gacheen, five farfangs further; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125
SOURCE for Gachin
« As soon as the moon rose, the journey continued until eight o’clock in the morning, at which point the caravan reached the caravanserai of Gachin,(13) which is four leagues from Band ʿAli. fn 13 Present-day Gachin-e Pāʿin, meaning “Gachin of the Sea”; see Speelman, Joan Cunaeus, n.p. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 292
SOURCE for Gatchin
« At 6 miles 1 furlong the road crosses a very shallow water-course, choked with sand, and about 60 yards broad. On its eastern banks we pass the ruins of a caravanserai, and a well, which latter, by native report, contains drinkable water. Another 1½ furlongs brings us to an old and delapidated caravanserai, and at 6 miles 3 furlongs we pass the large cistern of Gatchin. Altitude above sea, 3 feet. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 35
SOURCE for Gedji (Gätschin)
« den 27. zur Karawanserei, vor welcher ein Schilfdorf, von Lappen und Stroh erbaut, liegt, Gedji (Gätschin) 6 Farsach.... Weiter ½ Farsach zu den Geddji (Gätschin-)Karawansereien, deren erste verfallen, die andre no brauchbar war. [the 27th to the caravanserai, in front of which lies a reed village built of rags and straw, Gedji (Gätschin) 6 Farsach. ... Continue ½ Farsach to the Geddji (Gätschin) caravanserais, the first of which fell into disrepair and the other was no longer usable.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124
SOURCE for Gesje
« We see a bridge there, which is a quarter of a league long, but we should not ignore it because it is broken in the middle. I approached it and found that it was 7. not wide, many arches and a parapet on both sides. We arrived at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravanserai of Gesje, after a journey of 5 leagues » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319
SOURCE for Getche
« whereby I was encouraged to auspicate a more Coelestial Path might lead us to Getche (1) in the Turkish Language signifying a Goat Village; fn.
1 Geche in Fryer's map is Gachin, 12 miles E. of Band 'Ali. "Next night we got to Gacheen, five farsangs further [from Band 'Ali]" (Herbert, 125). From the great Bridg to Guitchi is one of the most pleasant countries in all Persia, being a continu'd Grove. Guitchi is a place accommodated with two Inns, one a very fine one and convenient: the other very badly seated, by reason of the dust that con- tinually annoys it standing upon a sandy ground" (Tavernier, 255). Elsewhere (48) he calls it Guetchy. "Traversing a desert valley bounded on north and south by low hills of grey marl, the scattered village of Gachin is reached, surrounded by date groves" (Wilson, Geog. Journ. xxxi (1903), 153. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 184
« March 5th. About 3 afternoon sett out for Getchee, 6 farsangs. Half way is a bridge and some water that you must pass over. About 7 at night arrived at our Marell.
note: Diary of 5 March 1707/8.
Getchee. Gachîn. See Fryer, II, 184 and n. 1. Le Bruyn also halted at Gesje in 1705 (II, 10), where he found women "who sold fresh butter, with eggs and good fowls," but the water was "very indifferent." When he returned in the following year (II, 134) he calls the place Getjie. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49
SOURCE for Getfie
« en namen ons verblyf in cen Karrawaniera, Getfie genaamd, en ontrent een dorp gelegen, diens huizingen niet dan hutten waren. Alhier vonden wy, tot onze groote blydſchap, ver- ſcheide Europianen, die, van Gamron komende, zyn Ed: quamen welkom hieten, namelyk de Heer Hoogkamer, Koopman, en opper-hoofd van de E. Compagnies handel tot Congo, Monfr. Prins, onder-Koopman en pakhuis meeſter, Sr. Van der Hoop, Fiscaal, benevens eenige afſiſtenten Wy zagen op de weg veel plantagie van Dadel-boomen, ook veel coloquint-appelen, als mede veel genees kruiden. Alhier quamen ook zeer veel Benjanen. [and took up our abode in a Karrawaniera, called Getfie, situated near a village, the houses of which were nothing but huts. Here we found, to our great joy, several Europeans who, coming from Gamron, welcomed his Ed:men, namely the Lord Hoogkamer, Merchant, and chief of the E. Company trade to Congo, Monfr. Prince, sub-merchant and warehouse master, Sr. Van der Hoop, Fiscaal, as well as some local residents. We saw many plantations of date trees on the road, also many coloquint apples, as well as many medicinal herbs. Many Benjans also came here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 pp. 266-7
SOURCE for Getje
« Den 8.dito quam hy ten half zes in Getje in de ruftplaats, van welke Carrawanfera Bandali myl mylen afgelegen is. [On the 8th he arrived at half past five in Getje, at the resting place, from which Carrawanfera Bandali is several miles distant.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272
« Den 11. dito na 2½ myl, quam zyn Ed: in Getje. [The 11th ditto after 2½ miles, near his Ed: in Getje.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Getschijen
« quamen met een westelijke cours des morgens ten 6 uuren in de serae getchjien, waar in men, schoon vrij vervallen, egter logeerde [arrived at the serae getchjien at 6 o'clock in the morning with a westerly course, where, although quite dilapidated, they nevertheless stayed] » #3298 Ketelaar embassy in 1.04.02 Inventaris van het archief van de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), 1602-1795 (1811) section 1901 1719. IIIIII. Derde boek: Batavia, derde deel 1719 1719 (old KA 1793), ~ f. 978v
« ... ;KA 1793, fol. 987b. (Getschijen); ... » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 85 fn. 131
SOURCE for Ghetʃchi
« Wednesday the eighth of April, about fix of the Clock in the Morning, we came to a covered Kervanʃiray called Ghetʃchi, fix Agatseb from Courefton: There is another belides, cloſe by, by, which is not covered, but like the reft in all things elfe, and a little ruinous. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134
SOURCE for Gitsi
« 22 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385
SOURCE for Gitsy
« De gemelte brugh legt ontrent halver wegh, sulcx noch 24, mijl verder gereden sijnde ontrent 5 ditos van Gitsy ten negen uuren [The melting bridge is about half way, about 24 miles further, it was about 5 ditos from Gitsy at nine o'clock] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 40
« 7 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 359
SOURCE for Gochine
« 18 The 18th daye we came to Gochine [Gachin], acaravansero in a wildernesse, wher we found,contrarie to our expectation, refreshing both for man and horse, as egges, milke, dates and mosssuch as that poore place yeeldes, and haye for horses. Here we picht by a tanck a litle from the howse, haueing traveled 6 lges. of very fayerwaye and pies ant by res on of the green bushes wehgrowes all this waye, and in some places groues of date trees. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ pp. 84-5
SOURCE for Guetchy
« je fis le reste de ma traite, qui étoit de trois lieues et demie, dans ces sables mouvans dont j'ai parlé, où l'on ne reconnoît ni sentier ni traces, à force d'être remués par les vents et par le gravier, que les débordemens d'eau y amassent. ... . On le nomme Guetchy (1), mot qui signifie chèvre en arabe, parce qu'on en élève beaucoup aux environs. Il y a tout proche une trentaine de cabanes de bois et de feuilles de dattier, fn. 1 Ketchy. Ce mot est turk; la chèvre re nomme a'nz en arabe, et buz en persan. C'est, dit Fryer (New account of cast India and Persia, etc., p. 133) un village, sur roues, on wheels, placé au milieu d'une vallée sablonnense, qui ne produit que des buissons et des tonces dont les chamcaux font leur nourriture. (L-s.) [I did the rest of my haul, which was three and a half leagues, in these shifting sands of which I spoke, where we recognize neither path nor traces, due to being moved by the winds and by the gravel , which the overflows of water collect there. .... It is called Guetchy (1), a word which means goat in Arabic, because many of them are raised in the surrounding area. There are around thirty wooden and date leaf huts nearby, fn. 1 Ketchy. This word is Turk; the goat is renamed a'nz in Arabic, and buz in Persian. It is, says Fryer (New account of cast India and Persia, etc., p. 133) a village, on wheels, placed in the middle of a sandy valley, which produces only bushes and tons of which the camels make their food. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 502-3
« Le 20, me trouvant pressé par les médecins d'emmener mes gens hors du Bander-Abassi, ... Je partis sur le soir, avec le chef de la compagnie française, et j'ar- rivai à minuit à Guetchy (1), qui est à sept lieues de Bander-Abassi. fn. 1 Lisez Ketchy, et voyez ci-dessus, t. VIII, p. 503. (L-s.) [On the 20th, finding myself urged by the doctors to take my people out of Bander-Abassi, ... I left in the evening, with the head of the French company, and I arrived at Guetchy at midnight (1) , which is seven leagues from Bander-Abassi. fn. 1 Read Ketchy, and see above, t. VIII, p. 503. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 78
SOURCE for Karavanserail Gecine (newer)
« Karavanserail Gecine (Gacin/Gachin) (Taf. 25,4) (Abb. 7; 212) (102)Lage: 17 km westlich Karavanserail Mogh Ahmad, 25 km östlich der Rud-e Kul-Brücke, in + 30 m ü. N. N., an der Route von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. Am Ort sind ein älterer und ein jüngerer und größerer Bau sowie zwei runde Zisternen erhalten.Der jüngere, größere Bau:Typ: Quadratischer, innen kreuzförmiger Bau. Zwei-raum-Gruppen an den Nord-, West- und Südecken und eine dreischiffige Halle in der Ostecke (Abb. 213).Abmessungen: Außenmaße 17,80 × 17,80 m, Gebäu-dehöhe 3,50 m.fn 102 Die Bauten von Gecine (Gacin) wurden am 3. 3. 1984 vermessen. [Gecine (Gacin/Gachin) Caravanserail (Plate 25.4) (Figs. 7; 212) (102)Location: 17 km west of Mogh Ahmad Caravanserail, 25 km east of the Rud-e Kul Bridge, at an elevation of 30 m above sea level, on the route from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. An older and a newer, larger structure, as well as two round cisterns, are preserved at the site.The newer, larger structure:Type: Square building with a cruciform interior. Two-room groups at the north, west, and south corners and a three-aisled hall in the east corner (Fig. 213). Dimensions: External dimensions 17.80 × 17.80 m, building height 3.50 m.fn 102 The buildings of Gecine (Gacin) were surveyed on March 3, 1984.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 119
SOURCE for Kishigan
« (35) Kishigan [? sic] to Hurmuzor Bandar (Gämbrun)-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219

R42-000 Gombroen
R42-000 Gombroen : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055107 coordinate: lat 27.1865 long 56.2808
NIMA/GNS names: Bandar `Abbas , Bandar `Abbasi , Bandar-e `Abbas , Cambarao , Gombroon , Gumrun , Port Comorao , بندر عباس , بندر عباس , بندر عباسی , گمبرن ,
VARIANT names: Bandar , Bandar Abbas , Bandar port , Bandel , Bandel do Comorão , Bander - Abassi , Bander goomroone , Bander-Abaffie , Banderabassi , Bander-Abassi , Banderabassy , Bender Abaʃʃi , Bender gomrow , Bender-Abassy , Bender-Abbassi , Camarão , Combrú , Comerão , Gambrun , Gamron , Gamru , Gamrun , Gombroon , Gombrun , Goumeron , Hurmuz or Bandar ,
SOURCE for Bandar
« so that I re|solv'd to get to Bandar, whatever it cost me, out of the confidence I had that there, among so many Merchants of several Nations who trade thither, I should find some ease. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 6
SOURCE for Bandar Abbas
« There are grounds for believing that the town is situated on or near the site of the small fishing village of Shahrū (see Iṣṭakhri, 67) or Shahruvā (see the Ḥudūd al-ʿAlam, 124 and 375). When the neighbouring island of Djarūn (or Djarrūn) ceased to be so called and was given instead the name of Hormuz at the beginning of the 8th/14th century, the former name was transferred to Shahrū. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 1 p. 1013
« trockensten, allerheißesten, giftigsten, ungesundesten, verfluchtesten und der Hölle schatverwande Ormusschen Seehafen und Stadt Gamron oder Bandar 'Abbas. [driest, hottest, most poisonous, unhealthy, most cursed and hell-bound Ormuz seaport and city of Gamron or Bandar 'Abbas.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 125
« Leaving Chahaly, immediately dropped into the wide bed of a river with high sandstone cliffs on each side. This we followed for 20 minutes, and then ascending the cliffs to the right by a sharp, short pass, got into a lot of curious sandstone hills cut up in every direction into funny forms and peaks by the effects of running water, Followed along a road in the plateau of sandstone, which was nothing but a series of narrow troughs cut by the innumerable feet of donkeys and assisted by rain, for over an hour, and then descending quickly, came on to the sands which surround Bandar Abbas. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 22
« 1614. (The Captain-major) “under orders of Dom Luis da Gama returned to succour Comorão, but found the enemy’s fleet already there and the fort surrendered.…News which was heard by Dom Luis da Gama and most of the people of Ormuz in such way as might be expected, some of the old folks of Ormuz prognosticating at once that in losing Comorão Ormuz itself would be lost before long, seeing that the former was like a barbican or outwork on which the rage of the Persian enemy spent itself, giving time to Ormuz to prepare against their coming thither.” - Bocarro, Decada, 349. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384
« from Lar to Bandar (28). And that is where the harbour of Hormuz (29) is, fn. 28 By "Bandar" (lit., harbour) Nikitin means Old Hormuz (see next note).fn. 29 Hormuz is an island and old seaport in the Persian Gulf. Old Hormuz stood on the coast. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109
SOURCE for Bandar port
« Ho dominguo pela menhaam chegaram ao porto de banda que está na terra firme tres legoas d ormuz, [On Sunday morning they arrived at the port of Banda, which is on dry land three leagues from Ormuz,] » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 235
SOURCE for Bandel
« fn. 11 In referring to the general area of the Persian littoral, Silva y Figueroa employs the Portuguese term Bandel, based on Persian bandar (meaning “harbor city”); this region corresponds to the present-day Iranian province of Hormozgān, which faces the Persian Gulf near the Straits of Hormuz (see p. 244) » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 246
« fn. 94 The Persian word bandar, meaning “harbor city,” refers to the Persian littoral around
Gamrū [Bandar-e ʿAbbās]; see YandB, 58, s.v. “bandel.” For the province in which the Bandel
is located, see p. 246 n. 11. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 285
The next morning the sultan of the Bandel, under whose jurisdiction [fol. 476r] falls the section of mainland between Gamrū and the island of Qeshm, » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 732
« The Portuguese were detained "some days" at the port of Bandel, taking horses (canalgaduras) to ride upon, and camels for their possessions (fato), and sundry other things for their journey. Our author, in a brief note, describes Bandel (Bandar Abbas) as a place of thatched houses, inhabited by poor people, living in a land well provided with dates. » #3255 Ronald Bishop Smith., The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970 ~ p. 64
SOURCE for Bandel do Comorão
« The origins of Bandel do Comorão lay in the period after the Portuguese took Hormuz in 1515 during ‘the time of the Kings of Lar who allowed them to stay there so they could better supply Ormuz.’ (5) The island’s hereditary rulers had traditionally claimed allegiance from parts of Mughestan and Birunat from which were derived significant revenues.(6)
fn. 5 CASA OCD 234/d, Fr Redento de la Cruz, Relación. chap. XXX, f.1
fn. 6 Aubin, Jean. 1973 ‘Le Royaume d’Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle’, Mare Luso-Indicum, vol 2, 107-8. Mughestan comprised the coastal territory east of the Strait of Hormuz between Minab in the north and the southern coast at Jask. Minab, Manujan and Vaskird, north-east of the Strait, represented three districts of Birunat from which Hormuz earned revenues. » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p.2
SOURCE for Bander - Abassi
« On a à la gauche les montagnes, et la mer à la droite, mais à tant de distance qu'on ne la voit que quand on est tout proche de Bander - Abassi; on dé- couvre sur la route plusieurs bois de dattiers, qui sont les maisons d'été des gens de ces pays- là. A cinq cents pas de la ville, il y a un bureau de raalidars, ou gardes des grands chemins, qui sert de bornes au gouvernement de Laar, lequel s'étend jusqu'en ce lieu. Je fus mettre pied à terre au bureau de la compagnie des Indes orientales de France , dont un fort honnête homme de Dijon, nommé M. Perrot , ëtolt le chef. [We have the mountains on the left, and the sea on the right, but at such a distance that we only see it when we are very close to Bander - Abassi; On the road we discover several date palm groves, which are the summer homes of the people of these countries. Five hundred steps from the town, there is an office of raalidars, or guards of the highways, which serves as boundaries for the government of Laar, which extends to this place. I disembarked at the office of the French East India Company, of which a very honest man from Dijon, named M. Perrot, was the head.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 505-6
SOURCE for Bander goomroone
19 The 19th daye being Fridaye we came to Bander goomroone [Gombroon], being the port,wch place we did long to see; and att lengtht the almighti God out of His bountiful merciehath brought vs safe, haueing past thorow great many misseries and troubles. This night Mr.Robert Hedges, a gentn and being a spetiall freind of mine, agreed wth my self for to ride thorow to the towne being 7 lges., and lighted att the English howse, wher we were courteousely entertayned.Here we took our lodging this night.
SOURCE for Bander-Abaffie
« « Endlich den 15, Octobr.noch fruhe mors gens bey guter Zeit langten wir vor Ban- der-Abaffie an: wurden ganz gutig und ungehindert eingelassen/ und gleich im ersten Eingang von verschiedenen Euro påern freundlichst begrússet/uud in gelegene Caravanfera eingewiesen. [Finally, on October 15th, early in the morning, we arrived at Bander-Abaffie in good time. We were let in very easily and without hindrance and were greeted very kindly by several Europeans at the first entrance and shown to the nearby caravan site.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707~ » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 272-3
SOURCE for Banderabassi
« Banderabassi » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74
SOURCE for Bander-Abassi
« De Bend-Ali au Bander-Abassi il n'y a plus que deux grandes lieues, et la plus grande partie du chemin est un pays de palmiers. [From Bend-Ali to Bander-Abassi there are only two long leagues, and the greater part of the way is a country of palm trees.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 326
« Le 20, me trouvant pressé par les médecins d'emmener mes gens hors du Bander-Abassi, [On the 20th, finding myself under pressure from the doctors to take my people out of Bander-Abassi,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 78
SOURCE for Banderabassy
« I left Surat on February 21, 1671, on an English ship bound for the port of Banderabassy, from where I set out by land on March 25, to go as far as Babylon. » #3606 Voyage des Indes orientales, mêlé de plusieurs histoires curieuses, par M. Carré.., Vve de C. Barbin, Paris, 1699 ~ vol. 1 p. 143
SOURCE for Bender Abaʃʃi
« us from the Fort of Bender Abaʃʃi, it we had come there in the Night time, and therefore we parted not from Bendali till next day at half an hour after two in the Morning, and a little after five a Clock we came to the Houſe of a Rhadar near the Town of Bender, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 135
SOURCE for Bender gomrow
« The second of August about mid- night, I arrived at Bender gomrow, where the Portugals keepe a Castle with seven or eight Souldiers, within it. And this Bender gomrow, which is on the mayne land, was sometimes the Kings of Lar, and after that Abreham Cans, and so it came to the King of Ormus. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460
SOURCE for Bender-Abassy
« 27 avril. Les chameaux sont en effet arrivés, et j'espère enfin quitter Bender-Abassy, où la chaleur est extrême, et l'air excessivement mauvais. [April 27. The camels have indeed arrived, and I hope to finally leave Bender-Abassy, where the heat is extreme, and the air extremely bad. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 585
SOURCE for Bender-Abbassi
« Nous arrivâmes à midi à Bender-Abbassi . Le commandant eut la bonté de venir nous recevoir à la porte de sa maison . [We arrived at Bender-Abbassi at noon.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 390
SOURCE for Camarão
« GOMBROON, n.p. The old name in European documents of the place on the Persian Gulf now known as Bandar ’Abbas, or ’Abbasi. The latter name was given to it when Shah ’Abbas, after the capture and destruction of the island city of Hormuz, established a port there. The site which he selected was the little town of Gambrún. This had been occupied by the Portuguese, who took it from the ‘King of Lar’ in 1612, but two years later it was taken by the Shah. The name is said (in the Geog. Magazine, i. 17) to be Turkish, meaning ‘a Custom House.’ The word alluded to is probably gumruk, which has that meaning, and which is again, through Low Greek, from the Latin commercium. But this etymology of the name seems hardly probable. That indicated in the extract from A. Hamilton below is from Pers. kamrun, ‘a shrimp,’ or Port. camarão, meaning the same. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384
SOURCE for Combrú
« 1622.—“That evening, at two hours of the night, we started from below that fine tree, and after travelling about a league and a half…we arrived here in Combrú, a place of decent size and population on the sea-shore, which the Persians now-a-days, laying aside as it were the old name, call the ‘Port of Abbas,’ because it was wrested from the Portuguese, who formerly possessed it, in the time of the present King Abbas.”—P. della Valle, ii. 413; [in Hak. Soc. i. 3, he calls it Combu]. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384
SOURCE for Comerão
« No entanto o rei da Persia tinhase já apoderado em 1614 do forte de Comerão na terra firme, a tres leguas de Ormuz e das ilhas de Baharem e de Queixome, aquella muito rica por causa da pesca das perolas, e esta porque abastecia Ormuz de agua doce e de refrescos. [However, in 1614 the king of Persia had already taken over the fort of Comerão on the mainland, three leagues from Ormuz and the islands of Baharem and Queixome, the former very rich because of pearl fishing, and the latter because it supplied Ormuz with water. candy and refreshments] » #2280 Manoel Bernardes Branco, Portugal e os estrangeiros, Livraria De A. M. Pereira, Lisboa, 1879 ~ p. 315
SOURCE for Gambrun
« Of these possibly Najiram may stand for the island of Jarm on which the later town of Hurmuz stood. Karman is the Carmon of p. 76, n. 1, and p. 77, n. 1, i.e., Gambrun, which is not far from the site of Hurmuz in Mas'udi's time. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ p.79 notes
SOURCE for Gamron
« bezitten wij min of meer uitgebreide aanteekeningen van de hand der vele Europeanen, die hunne lotgevallen hebben te boek gesteld). Sedert echter Gamron (Bender-Abbas) in de tweede helft der 18de eeuw zijn plaats als [We have more or less extensive notes by many Europeans who have recorded their adventures. However, since Gamron (Bender-Abbas) took its place in the second half of the 18th century] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. V
« The path from here to Gamron extends eastward, and partly along the shore. » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319
« Den 29. dito zyn wy na Bendar Abaafi vertrokken, en tot Gamron (zynde de zelve ſtad, na Abaaz Bandar Abaafi genaamd) gekomen. [On the 29th we left Bendar Abaafi and came to Gamron (the same city called Bandar Abaafi after Abaaz).] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 267
« 23 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385
« 6 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 359
SOURCE for Gamru
« However, in 1622, when Hormuz changed hands, most buildings were destroyed and the Safavides decided to divert all traffic to Gamru, on the mainland opposite of Hormuz. The rise of Gamru, named Bandar 'Abbàs by their new masters, caused the final decline of Hormuz. » #2023 Ralph Kauz and Roderich Ptak, Hormuz in Yuan and Ming sources, Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient, ~ p. 29
« The tents were pitched next to the remains of the fortress of Gamrū, the same one that had been so infamously lost three years earlier,(3) the blame for which falls [margin: less heavily] on its defenders [margin: than upon those who failed to come to its aid]. [fol. 192v] The Ambassador was forced to tarry in this location for a few days in the blistering heat because horses had to be purchased for his servants and for the monks he had brought with him for the journey to Lār and Shirāz. fn 3 3 See p. 246, n. 11. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 289
SOURCE for Gamrun
« The great depot for the produce of India, China, and Persia, was then removed to Gombroon* and Ormuz, and has ever since remained in the hands of the Persian monarch. » fn. « * Gamrún, or Gamrú.-E » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835
SOURCE for Gombroon
« The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Suru or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585
« they returning to Gombroon, and we going on Three Pharsangs that Night to Band Ally (1) fn. 1 Band ’All, “the embankment of ’All,” about 9 miles S.W. of Bandar ’Abbas. “The first night (from Gombroon) we rode to Bandally, sixteene English miles (and most part along the Gulph)” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 177
« Fourteene dayes are paſt ſince we entred Gombroon; the place has no fuch Magick to perfwade us to inhabit here. Our end is travell, why ftay we then? » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 124
«7th March. In the morning, about 9 in the morning, arrived at Gombroon with the Cheife, Mr. John Eaton Dodsworth, Mr. Dennis, Mr. Beavis and Batson who all came out a little way to meet me.
note: Diary of 6 March 1707/8.
Gombroon, the old name of Bandar 'Abbas. See Yule, Hobson-Jobson, s.v. Gombroon. For a description and illustration of the oity in 1705 see Le Bruyn, II, 73-75. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49-50
SOURCE for Gombrun
SOURCE for Goumeron
« Bandar Abbaffi is made of the destruction of Ormous, Portuguese call it Goumeron, There is Sultan with a small militia, who guards two small Castles: It is at twenty-eight degrees of latitude towards the Arctic Pole that, few people inhabit it in the East, because of the great. heat: The water there is bad and half salty, there is only one beach without a port, where ships arrive from all sides to negotiate. » #3465 Le Gouz de La Boullaye, Les voyages et obseruations du Sieur de La Boullaye-Le-Gouz, gentil-homme angeuin : ou` sont de´crites les religions, gouuernemens, et situations des estats et royaumes d'Italie, Grece, Natolie, Syrie, Perse, Palestine, Karamenie, Kalde´e, Assyrie, grand Mogol, Bijapour, Indes orientales des Portugais, Arabie, Egypte, Holande, grande Bretagne, Irlande, Dannemark, Pologne, isles et autres lieux d'Europe, Asie et Affrique, ou il a` seiourne´, le tout enrichy de belles figures ; et dedie´ a` l'Eminentissime Cardinal Capponi, Chez Geruais Clousier au Palais, sur les degrez de la Saincte Chapelle, Paris, 1653 ~ p. 115
SOURCE for Hurmuz or Bandar
« (35) Kishigan [? sic] to Hurmuzor Bandar (Gämbrun)-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219

R42-001 Bandally
R42-001 Bandally : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.156925 long 56.141826 † basis (p)
VARIANT names: Band Ally , Bandali , Bandalie , Bandally , Bande Aly , Bendali , Bend-Ali , Bendaly , Bendaly , Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali , C. Bandali , K. Bend Ali , Kar Bendali ,
SOURCE for Band Ally
« they returning to Gombroon, and we going on Three Pharsangs that Night to Band Ally (1) fn. 1 Band ’All, “the embankment of ’All,” about 9 miles S.W. of Bandar ’Abbas. “The first night (from Gombroon) we rode to Bandally, sixteene English miles (and most part along the Gulph)” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 177
SOURCE for Bandali
« Een Portugees, Baltasar Borges genaamd, die te Bender Congo, waar de Portugeesche schepen aankomen, de helft van de tollen geniet, heeft hem verteld, dat hij naar Bandali, 3 mijlen van Gamron, wil verhuizen, omdat Bender Congo ongeschikt is. [A Portuguese named Baltasar Borges, who enjoys half the tolls at Bender Congo, where the Portuguese ships arrive, has told him that he wants to move to Bandali, 3 miles from Gamron, because Bender Congo is unsuitable.] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930, ~ p. 471
« Haben unser Einkehr genommen zu Bandali in einer ganz neue auferbaueten Caravansera, ware Sonns tag/und der 14:October, [We stopped off at Bandali in a brand new caravanserai, it was Sunday and the 14th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 272
« Den 28. dito trokken wy over een zeer moejelyk klippig en kleyagtig ge- bergte, alwaar een ſchoone nieuwe over- dekte Tank op ſtaat, met ſlegt water voorzien; want men alhier 4 a 5 mylen in 't rond ſlegt water heeft. Wy qua- men voorby twee vervalle Karrawanſera's Onefoor genaamd, en floegen ons ter neder tot Bandali, niet weinig verheugd zynde, dat wy nu de Zee weer zagen, alzoo deze plaats op 't gebergte aan ſtrand legt. [On the 28th we crossed a very difficult, rocky and clayey mountain range, where there is a beautiful new covered tank, supplied with fresh water; because there is water 4 to 5 miles around here. We passed two ruined Karrawanſeras called Onefoor, and settled down to Bandali, not a little rejoicing that we now saw the Sea again, as this place lays on the mountain on the beach.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 267
« Den 7. Namiddernacht, ten 4 uuren brak hy op, en quam in de Carrawanfera tot Bandali ten half zeven, [On the 7th midnight, at 4 o'clock, he set out, and arrived at the Carrawanfera at Bandali at half past six,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272
SOURCE for Bandalie
« We continued our journey on the fifth at sunset, and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Bandalie after a journey of 5. » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319
SOURCE for Bandally
« The firſt night (from Gumbroon) wee rode to Bandally, fixteene English miles (and moft part along the gulph) or to compute it in the Perſian tongue, five farfangs and a halfe; a farlang (Pliny calls it a parasang which containes thirty ftades or foure Italian miles) is three of ours, or a Dutch league; in namesonly different. At Band Ally we found a neat Carravansraw or Inne » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 124
SOURCE for Bande Aly
« 'sCompagnies saeken op 't hoogste in agtinge gegeven hebbende, heeft Sijn Edele 't affscheyt genomen en met 'tgevolgh wegh gevordert tot 's avont ten negen uyren, dat in de carewansera (1) Bande Aly (2) 2½ mijl van Gamron ende dight aan de strandt gelegen, op de manier van een cruyskerkje in 't midden een achtcante overwulffde plaets gemaekt en seer gerieffelijk voor den reysiger. Van hier geraekte fn. 1 Karavanserai (woordelijk: verblijf, herberg der karavanen).fn. 2 Bend Ali. - Een Bend is een dam in een stroom ter opstuwing van het water voor irrigatie. Dupré (Foy. en Perse, I, 389) 1807, ver- meldt omtrent deze plaats de grafstede van een mohammed. heilige: [Having given the Company's utmost consideration, His Honor took the post and accordingly progressed until nine o'clock in the evening, which was in the carewansera (1) Bande Aly (2) 2½ miles from Gamron and the located close to the beach, in the manner of a Cruys church in the middle an octagonal overwhelmed place created and very comfortable for the visitor. Got from here fn. 1 Caravanserai (literally: residence, inn of caravans). fn. 2 Bend Ali. - A Bend is a dam in a stream to impound water for irrigation. Dupré (Foy. en Perse, I, 389) 1807, mentions the grave of a Mohammed about this place. saint:] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Bendali
« : about an hour and a half after, we came to another little covered Kervanferay, called Bendali, which is but an Agatfch from Houni Serikb, and cloſe by the Sea: werefted there two hours, becauſe they would have fired upou us from the Fort of Bender Abaʃʃi, it we had come there in the Night time, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 135
SOURCE for Bend-Ali
« L'autre chemin, qui est sur la droite, qui est le seul bon chemin, n'est presque qu'un sable continuel jusqu'au Bander-Abassi, et il se fait d'ordinaire en une journée. On passe deux carvanseras, dont le dernier s'appelle Bend-Ali, bâti au bord de la mer; et c'est où a été enterré Monsieur de Lalain, l'un des deux députés que le Roi avait envoyés en Perse et aux Indes pour l'établissement de la nouvelle compagnie de commerce dans l'Orient. [The other path, which is on the right, which is the only good path, is almost only continuous sand up to Bander-Abassi, and it is usually done in one day. We pass two carvanseras, the last of which is called Bend-Ali, built by the sea; and this is where Monsieur de Lalain was buried, one of the two deputies that the King had sent to Persia and the Indies for the establishment of the new trading company in the Orient.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 325-6
SOURCE for Bendaly
« Les environs de Bendaly (1) sont sablon- neux, remplis de dattiers et de pruniers sauvages. On y voit aussi de-çå et de-là beaucoup de ci- ternes de caravanserais et de tombeaux. fn. 1 Bend A'ly est un käravansérây ouvert de tous côtés pour laisser circuler l'air de la mer, dont il n'est éloigné que de 300 pas. Les habitans, qui végétent dans le plus grand dénument, habitent de misérables cabanes couvertes de feuilles de palmier et montées sur des roues pour pouvoir changer de place quand il leur plaît. Eend A'ly est à cinq lieues de Goûr bazárgaun. Fryer's account of East India and Persia, 230; Voyages de C. Le Bruyn, tom. IV, Pag. 476. (L-s.) [The surroundings of Bendaly (1) are sandy, full of date palms and wild plum trees. We also see here and there many caravan cisterns and tombs. fn. 1 Bend A'ly is a käravansérây open on all sides to let the sea air circulate, from which it is only 300 steps away. The inhabitants, who vegetate in the greatest destitution, live in miserable huts covered with palm leaves and mounted on wheels so that they can change places whenever they please. Eend A'ly is five leagues from Goûr bazárgaun. Fryer's account of East India and Persia, 230; Travels of C. Le Bruyn, tom. IV, Page. 476. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 503
« 6th March. Sett out for Bendaly, 4 farsangs, a little hilly way.
note: Diary of 6 March 1707/8.
Bendaly. Band-i-'Alî. See Fryer, II, 177 and n. 1. Le Bruyn praises the "Caravanserai of Band-Alie" (II, 71): "That building is open on all sides, for the commodious admission of the breezes, which blow from the sea, and are very refreshing; that place being not above 3000 paces distant from the gulf of Persia, which much resembles the main sea." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49-50
SOURCE for Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali
« Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942}
« At 9 miles pass the ruined caravanserai and cistern of Band-i-'Ali. (No water in March 1907.) The sea lies half a mile to the south. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 27
« Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali » in {map#1242 , , , 'BUNDER ABBAS-PUHAL SURVEY ', '(Sd.) B.W. MAINPRISE, Capt. R.E., Octr. 1913.' [?49r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/316, f 49, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Section No. II Suru to the Rud-i-Kul}
« We then pass the cistern and ruined caravanserai of "Band Ali," the former apparently in good repair, and, for 100 yards or so, traverse broken ground, intersected by gullies, amid low hillocks of sand and sun-baked clay. The mounds of sand to south of the road then merge in the general surface, and afford a view of the sea, distant about half a mile, and of the adjacent islands of Hormuz and Kishm. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 37
SOURCE for C. Bandali
« Den 7. Namiddernacht, ten 4 uuren Komt te brak hy op, en quam in de Carrawanſera Bandali ten half zeven, tot welke plaats toe zyn Ed: door den koopman van Hairen, en den onder-koopmande Later, uytgelei gedaan wierd, nemende de zelve, daar van zyn Ed. afſcheid. [On the 7th afternoon, at 4 o'clock, he arose and arrived at the Carrawanreta Bandali at half past six, to which place his Ed: by the merchant of Hairen, and the sub-merchant de Later, was carried away, taking the same, there from his Ed. farewell.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 272
SOURCE for K. Bend Ali
« ½ Farach nach der Karawanserei Bend Ali (Band Ali). Ist eine neue Sommerkarawanserei, guten Klanges, erhabenen Grundes ins Kreuz gebaut mit einem großen Mittelgewölbe und Seiten-Eiwanen im Kreuz. Zwischen welchen außen in jeder Ecke ein wohlgebautes Kämmenden ist. Nach dem Meeren zu hat sie noch eine Erweiterung bekommen, die in 2 großen, offenen, erhabenen Eiwanen besteht, bequem und kuhl zu logieren. - Ist etwa einen Musketenschuß von dem Golf. [½ Farach to the Bend Ali caravanserai (Band Ali). Is a new summer caravanserai, of good sound, built on a sublime base in the cross with a large central vault and side eggs in the cross. Between which there is a well-built combing end in every corner. After the sea, she got an extension, which consists of 2 large, open, raised eggs, comfortable and cool to stay in. - Is about a musket shot from the Golf.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 125
SOURCE for Kar Bendali
« Nach Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) und weiter nach Bostuun (Bostânu). Unweit davon haben wir unter freiem Himmel bei einem Hirten geschlafen, der uns ein ziemlich gutes Trinkwasser wußte zu spendieren. [To Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) and further to Bostuun (Bostânu). Not far from there we slept under the open sky with a shepherd who gave us some pretty good drinking water.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 143

R42-003 Cowrʃtan
R42-003 Cowrʃtan : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068608 coordinate: lat 27.2226 long 55.5575
NIMA/GNS names: Gurestan , Hajji Barkat , Kahoorestan , Kahurestan , Khuristan , Kohurestan , Kuristan , حاجی برکت , خوريستان , كهرستان , كهورستان , كهورستان , گورستان ,
VARIANT names: Cabrestam , Cabrestan , Cabrestao , Caurestan , Caurestão , Cauriston , Cauvrestan , Cavestoon , Cawrestan , Corestan , Correstan (Kūristan) , Coureʃton , Courestoon (Kharéhstaun) , Couristan , Coverstone , Cowreʃtan , Cowrstan , dorp Couristan , Kahurestan , Karistan , Kawristan , Koferstan , Koreʃton , Kovestron , Kovristoún , Kuristan , Rarestoun , Village 12 Leagues to Gamron ,
SOURCE for Cabrestam
« Taking leave of this place, and proceeding upon their way for another three day's journey, the Portuguese of Balthasar Pessoa arrived at a place called Cabrestam (Kahuristan), enfeoffed of the Kingdom of Ormuz, and possessing wells of good water, some palm groves, and nearby, a great caravansary described as a large and vaulted one-story house of four gates, with a cistern in the vicinity. Cabrestam is a place heated by the fierce rays of the summer sun, so much so that Antonio Tenreiro, an ocular witness, declares he has seen men suffocate in the terrible heat of this land of Persia. » #3255 Ronald Bishop Smith., The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970 ~ p. 64
SOURCE for Cabrestan
« A 12 de outubro de 1617 metteu-se n'uma galé para a costa do relio de Lara, e desembarcou no porto de Bandel. Foi recebido multo honrosamenté por aquelle que ali era governador em nome do rei da Persia, e fornecen-Ihe conselhos para transportar sua equipagem. Saiu de Bandel a 20 de abril, é caminhando ao longo da costa do mar, em dois dias chegou a pequena povoa ção de Cabrestan, em seis á de Lara, capital da Caramania deserta, em tres a Guin, primeira cidade da Persia propriamente dita, e em seis a Schira antigamente Cyropolis. [On October 12, 1617, he boarded a galley for the coast of Lara, and disembarked at the port of Bandel. He was received most honorably by him who was governor there in the name of the king of Persia, and gave him advice for transporting his equipment. He left Bandel on the 20th of April, walking along the sea coast, in two days he reached the small town of Cabrestan, in six days he reached Lara, the capital of deserted Caramania, in three he reached Guin, the first city in Persia proper. , and in six to Schira formerly Cyropolis.] » #2280 Manoel Bernardes Branco, Portugal e os estrangeiros, Livraria De A. M. Pereira, Lisboa, 1879, ~ p. 316
« Cabrestan (De Silva Figueroa » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Cabrestao
« . the place names 'Cabrestáo' (f. ir), corresponding to the Persian locality Kahurestan, in which the Persian sequence /an/ is rendered with the digramma 'áo' and 'Bisnao' (f. 3r); » #3224 Margherita Farina, Giovanni Battista Raimondi's Travel in the Middle East: A Case of Sixteenth-Century Portuguese-Italian Interference, Oriente Moderno, NUOVA SERIE, ~ pp. 55-6
SOURCE for Caurestan
« The rest of this day’s Journy was between the Mountains, where we were encounter’d by strange Flashes of Lightning, the Foretellers of this Night’s Rain, which we hardly escaped before we came to Caurestan (1) in all Twenty Miles: This Caravan Ser Raw is named from a Tree growing here, and a Village properly so called (of which it is a Composition in Persian), it being the first we met with whose Houses were fixed. fn. 1 Kuristan, about 12 miles E, of the bridge. 'I'he place has been described by Wilson {op. at. 154 ff.)- Herbert (125) calls it Cowrestan, "Caavrestan ...famous for water-melons,as bigas our pumkins, and are the best in all Persia. The Meat is very red and as sweet as Sugar, which is a great refreshment to travellers” (Tavernier, 254). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 187
SOURCE for Caurestão
« Ce village de Caurestão n'a guère que dix à vingt maisons, avec quel- ques jardins et un fort de torchis ne disposant d'aucune pièce d'artillerie. [This village of Caurestão has barely ten to twenty houses, with a few gardens and a cob fort with no artillery pieces.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103
« Partimos daqui, e caminhámos tres jornadas polo meſmo modo, e chegámos a hum logar, que fe chama Cabreſtað, em o qual ha alguns palmares, e póços de agoa doce, e junto delle está húa cafa grande térrea de abóbeda com quatro portaes, e junto della húa cifterna grande. A eftas caſas chamaõ em a lingua Perfiana Carvançaras, que quer dizer, pouzada de cafilas, e estrangeiros. [We set out from here and walked three days in the same way, and arrived at a place called Cabreſtað, where there are some palm groves and wells of fresh water, and next to it is a large, vaulted ground floor with four gates, and next to it a large cifterna. In the Persian language these houses are called Carvançaras, which means, a place of inns and foreigners.] » #3280 Antonio Baiao, Itinerarios Da India A Portugal Por Terra, Imprensa Da Universidade Coimbra, 1923 ~ p. 8
SOURCE for Cauriston
« 17 The 17th daye we came to Cauriston [Kuristan],a litle towne lying vpon a playne. Here is good refreshing both for man and horse. Here we picht in a caravan: haueing traveled 4 lges.of a resonable waye. Here is likewise tanck water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 84
SOURCE for Cauvrestan
« Le cinquième, étant parti un peu après minuit, je marchai jusques à sept heures du matin par un pays sec et tout désert où il y a beaucoup d'arbres de lentisques, et fus au gite à un assez bon village nommé Cauvrestan, où je vis de grands champs d'orge que l'on moissonnait. [On the fifth, having left a little after midnight, I walked until seven o'clock in the morning through a dry and deserted country where there are many mastic trees, and was at the lodge in a fairly good village called Cauvrestan, where I saw large fields of barley that were being harvested.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 323
SOURCE for Cavestoon
« Cavestoon (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Cawrestan
« Cawrestan (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Corestan
« ten negen uuren in 't dorp Corestan (2) in de carewansera, een weynigh buyten 't selve gelegen, quamen. 't Is een rust- plaetsken van weynigh accomodatie ende 't dorp bestaat in ontrent 100 van slijk en leem opgetrocke huyskens, meest van boeren die hun oogst van zaeyvelden trekken, bewoont. Hier bleven tot vierfn. 2 De Simla kaart heeft Karistan (de Bruyn: Koreston; Tavernier: Cauvrestan). Chardin vertaalt het metamas d'arbres épineux" en treft er dan ook een soort wilde pruimenboomen aan, die men ter plaatse noemde kauré. Het schijnt oorspronkelijk de naam te zijn geweest van het omliggende district, zooals trouwens de uitgang aanwijst. Dupré vindt het dorp verlaten en noemt de geheele vallei Kovristoun. [at nine o'clock in the village of Corestan (2) in the carewansera, a short distance away, quamen. It is a rest area with little accommodation and the village consists of about 100 houses made of mud and loam, mostly occupied by farmers who pull their harvest from the fields. Stayed here until four fn. 2 The Simla map has Karistan (de Bruyn: Koreston; Tavernier: Cauvrestan). Chardin translates "metamas d'arbres épineux" and finds a type of wild plum tree there, which was locally called kauré. It seems to have originally been the name of the surrounding district, as the exit indicates. Dupré finds the village deserted and calls the whole valley Kovristoun.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 40
SOURCE for Correstan (Kūristan)
« Correstan (Kūristān) for each carga 0,5 mahmūdi for rāhdāri; for silk one mahmūdi had to be paid. If paid here no toll was levied at Lär » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321
SOURCE for Coureʃton
« about three quarters of an hour after leven we came to fuch another, near to a great Village called Coureʃton, four Agatsch from Kor Bazirghion » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134
SOURCE for Courestoon (Kharéhstaun)
« Je fus pourtant huit heures à arriver au gite, qui étoit à un village nommé Courestoon (Kháréhstaun), où il y a beaucoup de dattiers, et une sorte de pruniers sauvages, que les gens du pays nomment kauré, mot qui se prend aussi pour toute sorte d'arbre épineux ; et c'est d'où est venu le nom de Courestoon (1), que porte ce village, qui veut dire amas d'arbres épineux. fn. 1 Lisez Kharéhstaun er Khâurchstaun. Ce mot appartient à la langue persane. Fryer attribue la dénomination du karavanseray et du village à un arbre (épineux) qui croît dans cet endroit. Ce sont les dernières maisons stables et fixes de la route de Gambroàn. A new account, etc. pag. 235. (L-s.) [However, it took me eight hours to arrive at the cottage, which was in a village called Courestoon (Kháréhstaun), where there are many date palms, and a sort of wild plum tree, which the locals call kauré, a word which is also taken for every kind of thorny tree; and this is where the name Courestoon (1) came from, which this village bears, which means cluster of thorny trees. fn. 1 Read Kharéhstaun er Khâurchstaun. This word belongs to the Persian language. Fryer attributes the name of karavanseray and the village to a (thorny) tree which grows in this place. These are the last stable and fixed houses on the Gambroàn road. A new account, etc. p. 235. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 495
« Le 22, étant à Coureston (Khdrehstdun), je reçus un exprès avec des nouvelles que le vaisseau que j'attendois de Surat, avoit mouillé l'ancre la nuit même que j'en étois parti. [On the 22nd, being at Coureston (Khdrehstdun), I received an express with news that the vessel which I expected from Surat, had anchored the very night that I left it.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 79
SOURCE for Couristan
SOURCE for Coverstone
« 4th March. About 3 afternoon sett out for Coverstone, 7 farsangs, stoney way; about 3 farsangs came to a Caravensaroy called Goos Basargoon. Coverstone is a small good Cara vensaroy, a very good village just by it, where may have all things eatable.
note:Diary of 4 March 1707/8.
Coverstone. Kuristân. Le Bruyn (II, 71) describes it as "the great town of Koreston seated in a plain." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49
SOURCE for Cowreʃtan
« the third night to Cowreʃtan, ſeven; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125
SOURCE for Cowrstan
« The fift day at night we departed from Bender gomrow and the eighth day we lodged at a Casal, called Cowrstan. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460
SOURCE for dorp Couristan
SOURCE for Kahurestan
« den 26. Dez. zum Dorf und der Karawanserei Kahuiristan (Kahurtscherân) 4 Farsach. [Dec. 26 to the village and caravanserai of Kahuiristan (Kahurcherân) 4 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124
« This small town of Kahūrestān is situated on a great plain formed by mountains that are separated by more than a league at this location. Because of the particular lay of the land there are several wells here, though their water is partially saline, but it is drawn with a waterwheel and is adequate for irrigating and fertilizing a large portion of the plain where the local inhabitants possess fields of barley, legumes, and a few herbs from which they derive profit. The water also enables many of the spiny trees that were found along the roadside to grow, though these were leafier and provided more shade; the Ambassador’s servants and everyone else in the caravan sought refuge from the sun under them. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 294
SOURCE for Karistan
« At 4 miles 3 furlongs we pass the caravanserai and three cisterns of Karistan, all in good repair, and the latter full of water. ...
NOTE. From a mound immediately to north-east of the cisterns of Karistan a pass named "Tang Abad". leading through the range Gishu, bears E. by N. ¼ N. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33
SOURCE for Kawristan
« In these parts there is a desert extending over four nights' journey, which is the haunt of Arab brigands and in which | the samum wind blows up in the two months of June and July. ... We travelled through this desert until we came to Kawristân, a small town with running streams and gardens, and extremely hot.(132) fn. 132 This is apparently Küristān, a village on the Rûd-i Küristān, a western affluent of the Rûd-i Shûr, and on the direct westward route from the vicinity of the later town of Bandar 'Abbās. The spelling Kawrästän in the text is an error; cf. vol. IV, p. 311 (Arabic). » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 pp. 404-405
« Kawristān » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666
SOURCE for Koferstan
« Durch Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran und andere Orth über mannigfaltigeGe bürg und sehr gesalkene Wasserlein fas men wir vor ungeheuer hohe Berge die kein Thal durchschnitte/soweit unsere Aus gen seben kunten. [Through Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran and other places over various mountains and very salty little streams we came across immensely high mountains which, as far as our eyes could see, were not crossed by any valley.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 269
SOURCE for Koreʃton
« et nous pourſuivimes notre chemin, et arrivâmes à 11. heures du foir au grand bourg de Koreʃton, dans la plaine. Nous y logeames chez le Baillif, fans nous arrêter au Caravanserai. [and we continued our journey, and arrived at 11 o'clock in the evening at the large town of Koreʃton, in the plain. We stayed there with the Baillif, but we stopped at the Caravanserai.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319
SOURCE for Kovestron
« Kovestron (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Kovristoún
« Lorsqu'on est plus avancé, on voit, sur la gauche du chemin, trois citernes rondes et deux autres en berceau, voûtées et construites en briques, et à quelques pas une tour environnée d'un mauvais fossé. C'est la demeure des percepteurs d'un droit de péage, qui est d'un châhi par charge, et d'un droit de capitation pour les Arméniens et les Juifs, qui est d'une demi-piastre aïn. Les habitations sont éparses dans le reste de cette vallée, appelée Kovristoún.. [When we are further along, we see, on the left of the road, three round cisterns and two others in barrel vaults, vaulted and built of bricks, and a few steps away a tower surrounded by a bad ditch. It is the residence of the collectors of a toll, which is one shāhi per charge, and of a poll tax for Armenians and Jews, which is half a piastre ain. The dwellings are scattered in the rest of this valley, called Kovristoún.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 424
SOURCE for Kuristan
« Kuristan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
« At 9 miles pass the dilapidated caravanserai of Kaleh Puru, with cistern (dry in March 1907) and uninhabited, the fort lying half a mile to the north of the road. At 10 miles a water-course, containing pools of water, is crossed, 80 yards broad, and banks 10 feet high. At 10½ miles and 11½ miles, pass lines of ruined qanāts. The road now becomes very stony, and sparsely covered with scrub. At 12½ miles reach the caravanserai of Kūristan. The foot hills of the Gishū range are now three miles to the north; the hills to the south, known as the Küh-i-Rasül, are two miles distant. Water. From cisterns at caravanserai and 6 wells mile N.-W » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 30
SOURCE for Rarestoun
« 20 février. Même direction: après une heure de marche, Rarestoun avec un caravansérail et quelques maisons, mais sans habitants. [February 20. Same direction: after an hour's walk, Rarestoun with a caravanserai and a few houses, but without inhabitants.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 533
SOURCE for Village 12 Leagues to Gamron
« In that posture I went away the 19. and got that day to a great Village within 12. Leagues of the City of Gamron, and took up my lodging at the Calenter's of the place. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 5

R42-004 Tanghy-Dolon
R42-004 Tanghy-Dolon : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Pas Par Dalan , Tang Dalan , Tang-e Dalan , تنگ دالان ,
Supplement: Arch. Site Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan located 0.49 km heading 16° of these coordinates.
VARIANT names: Carvansera Dalong , Carvansera Delangh , Dalaun , Par Par Dalan , Pas-Par-Dalan , S. Tang-Dolan , S. Tangtalan , S. Tanguedalan , Tang Dalan , Tangadoelon , Tang-e Dalan , Tangedelangh , Tangedelon , Tanggetelon , Tanghoedalou , Tanghy-Dolon , Tango Talan , Tangotalan , Tankadalone , Tanke Dalon , Tenghidalan , Tenghi-Daloûn , Tengi Dalun , Tengidahan , Tenguedélan , Tenquidalen , Yanikidalin ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tang Dalan FOR Ourmangel (Newberry) [PBR],
SOURCE for Carvansera Dalong
SOURCE for Carvansera Delangh
SOURCE for Dalaun
« Ensuite, après six farsangs de marche, nous arrivâmes à Dalaun, petit village que Chardin appelle Tenk-Dalaun (Tenk serait-il une corruption de Kend, village?), qui a cinq ou six maisons et autant de cabanes, quelques cultures et de bonne eau. Dalaun doit son existence à une petite source qui sort du pied de la montagne. [Then, after six farsangs of walking, we arrived at Dalaun, a small village that Chardin calls Tenk-Dalaun (is Tenk a corruption of Kend, village?), which has five or six houses and as many huts, some crops and good water. Dalaun owes its existence to a small spring that emerges from the foot of the mountain.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 532
SOURCE for Par Par Dalan
« Par Par Dalan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941}
« KM 063 Pas Par Dalan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
« At 8¾ miles the large caravanserai of Pas Par Dälän is reached, and close by the ruins of older struc- tures. There is a small grove of date trees. A foot- path, guarded by a small watch tower, leads over the hills to the village of Dalan. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 32
SOURCE for Pas-Par-Dalan
« As we near the eastern mouth of the Tang, the sides of the gorge gradually decrease in height, till at 17 miles they merge in a vale, sparsely covered with grass, upon whiclr, on surmounting a short and gentle slope, we enter. At 17 miles 7 furlongs, the two delapidated caravanserais of Pas-Par-Dalan, with two cisterns, and a grove of date trees, are close to the south side of the road, and 400 yards to north of a low but steep and rocky range about 200 feet high, over which a path, for infantry only, leads to the village of Dalan, distant 600 yards or so from the southern foot of the low range. The road, for pack animals, from Pas-Par-Dalan to the latter village, passing round the eastern extremity of this range, is 4 miles 2 furlongs in length. Altitude of Pas-Par-Dalan above sea, 881 feet. The village of Dalan possesses a partly ruined caravanserai, and is surrounded by date groves. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 30
« At 8 miles the large caravansardi of Pās Par Dālān is reached, and close by the ruins of older structures. There is a small grove of date trees. A footpath, guarded by a small watch tower, leads over the hills to the village of Dalan. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 166-7
SOURCE for S. Tang-Dolan
« KM 063 S. Tang-Dolan (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for S. Tangtalan
« KM 063 S. Tangtalan (De Silva Figueroa) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for S. Tanguedalan
« KM 063 S. Tanguedalan (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Tang Dalan
« Persian text omitted. [They move from Jihun and go to Tang Dalan, it is three farsakhs and the road is straight. The road splits before reaching half a mile.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580
SOURCE for Tangadoelon
« Den 12. dito vertrek zyn Ed: weder op 't vorige uur desnachts, trok voorby Tangadoelon, quam ontrent half negen in Goermoet, [On the 12th his Ed left: again at the previous hour at night, passed Tangadoelon, arrived at Goermoet about half past eight,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
SOURCE for Tang-e Dalan
« [margin: 23] The next day, the 23rd, the caravan stopped at a caravanserai called Tang-e Dālān. The valley through which we were traveling narrowed there, the mountains being closer together.... All those who stop at this caravanserai of Tang-e Dālān use this aqueduct as an open and level road when they go to the villages that were founded on the plain for supplies, thanks to the same aqueduct »
#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 298-9
SOURCE for Tangedelangh
« quamen 's avonts met 'tligt van de maan door key en moeyelijke bergwegh ontrent ten thien uuren en ruym 6 mijlen verder in Tangedelangh) weder bij de caffila, welke om een uur naar middernagt voorts te gaan van de miiddag aff daar gerust had. [In the evening with the moonlight through a key and difficult mountain road around 10 o'clock and about 6 miles further in Tangedelangh) we arrived again at the caffila, which had rested there for an hour to midnight from noon onwards.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 41
SOURCE for Tangedelon
« and afterwards with much Pain we measured six Miles more to Tangedelon (2), where we eased our selves at a Caravan Ser Raw near a Stream of living Water sweetly gliding through the middle of it, and wash’d the Dust off our sweaty Bodies, in a Tank contrived to make a pleasant Bath under the Roof of the Seraw. Tangedelon expresses in its Mothers Speech, A Strait Passage, which hits exactly with the following Munsel; fn. 2 “ The Tang-i-Dalan is a narrow gorge through which the Hajamal river flows” {Ibid. 157). “Next [after Cowrestan] to Tanghy-Dolon {i.e. a narrow way) praiseworthy in her Lodge or Carravans-raw, but especially in the sweet Crystallin water we found there” (Herbert, 125). “The distinction between Dahaneh and Teng, both Persian words applied to passes, is strictly as follows: Dahaneh is the span or pass lying between two hills ; Teng is a narrow defile between vertical walls of rock” (Curzon, i, 123 n.). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 189
SOURCE for Tanggetelon
« 15 The 15th daye we came to Tanggetelon [Tang-i-Dalan], a caravansero lying in a wildernesse.Here we picht, haueing traveled 5 long lges. of veri stonie waye, weh seemed to me as though itwere som times overflowne wth water. Here is good store of water but noght els for man or horse, but ther is a litle towne beioynd a hill lying by thls ca: a matter of a leauge off, wch is waterd wth the same water as comes from this caravan: » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 84
SOURCE for Tanghoedalou
« On y mit la malade qui s'y trouva beaucoup plus à fon aife que dans la premiere, et nous arrivámes à 2. heures du matin au Caravanserai de Tanghoedalou, où nous trouvames Monficur Bakker inspecteur des magazins, dont on a déja parlé, le fecretaire et le maitre d'hôtel de Gamron, qui venoient à la rencontre de Monfieur Kastelein. [We put the patient there, who was much more at home than in the first, and we arrived at 2 a.m. at the Caravanserai of Tanghoedalou, where we found Monficur Bakker, inspector of stores, of whom we have already spoken, the secretary and the butler of Gamron, who came to meet Monfieur Kastelein.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318
SOURCE for Tanghy-Dolon
« next, to Tanghy-Dolon (i. e. a narrow way) praifeworthy in her Lodge or Carravans-raw, but eſpecially in the ſweet Cryſtallin water wee found there. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125
SOURCE for Tango Talan
« Otro dia, á 23, vino la carauana á parar al carauasar de Tango Talan, haziendose alli mas estrecho el valle por donde se caminaua, por estar los montes mas çercanos, á donde fue la primera vez que se uio correr agua de un arroyo salado, aunque traia tan poca que apenas mojauan los camellos los pies en ella, pero todo aquel llano pareçia cubierto de aquellas guijas redon- das que suele auer en los rrios. Auia junto á este ca- rauasar dos grandes cisternas con abundancia de buena agua; [Another day, on the 23rd, the carauana came to stop at the carauasar of Tango Talan, where the valley through which it was walking became narrower, because the mountains were closer, where it was the first time that water was heard flowing from a salty stream, although it had so little that the camels barely dipped their feet in it, but that entire plain seemed covered with those round pebbles that usually find in rivers. There were two large cisterns next to this carauasar with an abundance of good water;] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 pp. 282-3
SOURCE for Tangotalan
« Le lendemain 23. la Carauane s'arreſta à vn Carauanfera, nomme Tangotalan, dans vn lieu où la montagne fe ferrant de fort prés, étreffit le Valon, en forte qu'à peine ferme-t-elle vn chemin, où les chameaux puiffent paffer. [The next day, 23, the Carauane stopped at a Carauanfera, called Tangotalan, in a place where the mountain closing in very close, squeezes the Valon, so strong that it barely closes a path, where the camels can walk paffer.] » #3246 traduite de l'espagnol par Mr. de Wicqfort, L'ambassade de D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa en Perse, contenant la politique de ce grand Empire, les moeurs du roy schach Abbas et une relation exacte de tous les lieux de Perse et des Indes où cet ambassadeur a esté l'espace de huit années qu'il y a demeuré, Louis Billaine, Paris, 1667 ~ p. 60
SOURCE for Tankadalone
« 3 [March]. Sett out for Jehun, 7 farsangs, very bad stoney way. About 8 at night arrived at Tankadalone, 5 farsangs, a good caravensaroy with a Tank in the middle built in form of a cross, within side. Here lay till 4 in the morning; then sett out for Jehun, the other 2 farsangs. Arrived about 6 in the morning the 4th March. This is a good caraven. saroy tho small; a great distance from any village.
Tankadalone. Tang-i-Dalan, a narrow gorge: Pers. tang, 'narrow,' and dalan, 'corri- dor,' here meaning a gorge. See Fryer, II, 189 and n. 2. Le Bruyn (II, 70-1) calls it Tang-boedalou and says that "A small canal passes through the Caravanserai, which is not very large, but extremely agreeable, and well-built: It is all of stone, and the water of the canal, which runs through it, flows from a little rivulet at a small distance from it. It has likewise the advantage of being sheltered from the hot winds." He does not mention the inn in the plain of Jehun, "a great distance from any village," where Scattergool halted. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49
SOURCE for Tanke Dalon
« Den 24. dito trokken wy voorby 3 Karrawanſera's, Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, en Sertang genaamd, hebbende elendige huis-velting. Onzen Sergeant, met den Opper-meelter voor uyt gereden zynde, vonden wy op de weg leggen, konnende wegens een zware koorts 't paard ryden niet verdragen. Wy namen ons verblyf tot Tanke Dalon, een tamelyke Karrawanſera, en twee huizingen, [On the 24th we passed by 3 Karrawanſeras, named Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, and Sertang, who had miserable house-felling. We found our Sergeant, who had ridden ahead with the Chief Master, lying on the road, unable to bear to ride the horse due to a severe fever. We took up our abode at Tanke Dalon, a fairly small Karrawanſera, and two houses,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 266
SOURCE for Tenghidalan
« Our way continued ſtill bad, till about ſeven of the Clock in the Morning, that we came to a Kervanferay, called Tenghidalan this Kervanſeray is covered as many others are, but it is much finer. It is a Square about eight Fathom; in the middle of each Face there is a great Arch, by which one enters into Vaults, which make and Croſs, as in the others, but they are higher, and it is not under thefe Vaults that Travellers Lodges for the Chambers are in the four Corners, about three Fathom (quare, two or three foot raiſed from the Ground, and open on the two fides within, where there are great Arches from the Floor up to the Vault; each Chamber harh its Chimuy, and other small conveniences: the Place in the middle is covered with a Dome, in which there is a great round opening in the top, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133
SOURCE for Tenghi-Daloûn
« Après avoir passé le lit d'un large torrent sans eau, on joint le hameau de Ten- ghi-Daloûn, où sont deux citernes en forme de berceau. L'eau qu'elles renferment est un peu saumâtre. Au milieu de ce hameau est une tour où des gardes veillent nuit et jour pour préserver les villageois de quelque attaque.Le 18, après avoir fait le tour d'une col- line, nous passons à gué un ruisseau salé, qui coule de droite à gauche. Peu après est un aquéduc à demi ruiné. [After crossing the bed of a large torrent without water, we reach the hamlet of Tenghi-Daloûn, where there are two cradle-shaped cisterns. The water they contain is a little brackish. In the middle of this hamlet is a tower where guards watch night and day to protect the villagers from any attack.On the 18th, after going around a hill, we ford a salty stream, which flows from right to left. Shortly after is a half-ruined aqueduct.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 426-7
SOURCE for Tengi Dalun
« den 24. Dez. zur Karawanserei Tengi Dalun (Tâng Dâlân) 6 Farsach. [on Dec. 24 zur Karawanserei Tengi Dalun (Tâng Dâlân) 6 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 122
SOURCE for Tengidahan
« Dieser Platz zog die Aufmerksamkeit aller Reisenden auf sich, die unseren Weg nahmen, denn hier traf man nach dem Verlassen der Ebene von Bandar-e "Abbās zum ersten Mal auf-wenn auch schlecht schmeckendes fließendes Wasser. Thévenots Beschreibung der Anlage ist wert zitiert zu werden: Er gelangte zu einem Karvansarai, Tengidahan genannt. Der ist bedeckt wie viele andere, ist aber weit schöner. Er hat auf beiden Seiten in der Mitte ungefähr acht Klafter im Geviert.[This place attracted the attention of all travelers who took our route, for here, after leaving the plain of Bandar-e "Abbās, one encountered, for the first time, running water, albeit bad in taste. Thévenot's description of the place is worth quoting be: He came to a Karvansarai, called Tengidahan. It is covered like many others, but is far more beautiful. It has about eight fathoms squared in the middle on both sides.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 42
SOURCE for Tenguedélan
« Ma traite se termina à Tenguedélan (*), comme qui diroit défilé, ou passage étroit, où il y a deux caravanserais et des citernes. Ce lieu est entre deux montagnes fort hautes, qui ne sont éloignées que d'un quart de lieue l'une de l'autre. L'un des caravanserais a un bassin d'eau vive, qui coule au travers d'un canal de pierre; (*) Prononces Tenk dildun. Ces mots, dit Fryer, signifient dans leur langue maternelle, un passage étroit. Herbert donne la même interprétation; expembat cos mots devroient signifier caure étroits, affligis, et le nom du kiraviarly suivant, semble justifier ma conjecture, C. le Bruyn at Thivent s'accordent à faire une description charmante de ce kravénarity, à unes lequel passe uns petite rivière. (L) [My journey ended at Tenguedélan (*), as if one would say parade, or narrow passage, where there are two caravanserais and cisterns. This place is between two very high mountains, which are only a quarter of a league apart. One of the caravanserais has a pool of white water, which flows through a stone channel;(*) Pronounced Tenk dildun. These words, says Fryer, mean in their native language, a narrow passage. Herbert gives the same interpretation; expembat these words should mean narrow, afflicted caure, and the name of the following kiraviarly, seems to justify my conjecture, C. le Bruyn and Thivent agree in making a charming description of this kravénarity, through which a small river passes. (L)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 493
« Le 23, au soir, je montai à cheval, foible et étourdi que j'étois, comme un homme prêt à tomber malade. Je fis ma traite, et arrivai à Tanguedelan (1); fn. 1 Tenk délâun, dont il a été fait mention ci-dessus, tom. VIII, pag. 493. (L-s.) [On the 23rd, in the evening, I mounted my horse, weak and dizzy as I was, like a man ready to fall ill. I did my trading, and arrived at Tanguedelan (1); fn. 1 Tenk délâun, mentioned above, tom. VIII, p. 493. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 79
SOURCE for Tenquidalen
« j'arrivai à un carvansera neuf appelé Tenquidalen. Il y a au milieu un petit bassin d'eau vive formé par un ruisseau qui vient de la montagne, et comme il y a un vallon et un torrent entre deux, on fait passer cette eau par un canal sous le torrent, [I arrived at a new carvansera called Tenquidalen. In the middle there is a small pool of living water formed by a stream that comes from the mountain, and as there is a valley and a torrent between two, this water is passed through a channel under the torrent,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 322
SOURCE for Yanikidalin
« (31) Yanikidalin [? sic-- 6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219

R42-005 Whormoot
R42-005 Whormoot : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Harmood , Hormoz , Hormud , Hormud-e Mehr Khu'i , Hormud-e Mehr Khuyeh , Hormud-e Mir Khu , Hormud-e Mir Khund , Hormud-e Mir Khuneh , Hormuz , حرمود میر خو , هرمود مهر خوئی ,
VARIANT names: Choeremoet , Churmoot , Cormoot , Cromu , Germoet , Germouth , Goermoet , Gormoedt , Gormoet , Gormouth (Khormout) , Hhormont , Hormout (Hurmut) , Hormouz- Sefit-Boun , Hormud , Hormud-e Mir Khund , Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi , Hormuus , Hormux , Hormuz , Horum , Karavanserail Hormud-e Abbasi , Khurma , Kormout , Kormur , Whormoot , Whorwoote ,
SOURCE for Choeremoet
« Den 23. dito trokken wy voorby twee eenzame Manſels, ieder 2 Karrawanſera's en water-tangen hebbende, d'eene Bahadini, en d'andere Sjek Sjek genaamd; reden over klippig gebergte, en zyn by een vermakelyk geboomte en dorp gekomen. Hier zyn 2 Karwanſera's, dog klein, en eenige tankken; dog flegt water. Deze Mantel werd Choeremoet genaamd. [On the 23rd day we passed by two lonely Manſels, each having 2 Karrawanſeras and water-tongs, one called Bahadini, and the other Shek Shek; drove over cliffy mountains, and came to a pleasant tree and village. Here are 2 Karwanſeras, both small, and some tanks; dog throws water. This Cloak was called Choeremoet.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 266
SOURCE for Churmoot
« 14 The 14th daye being Sundaye we came to Churmoot [Hormuz), (3) a litl fine towne lying in a groue of date trees. Here we picht in a caravansero lying wthin a bowshott from the towne,haueing traveled 6 lges. of stonie waye. This daye we came over a high craggi hill. Here is good tanck water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 83
SOURCE for Cormoot
« Thus far we came directly in a Line; now we wander to and again in the Meanders of the Barren Hills, with indefatigable Industry, till we descend into a large Plain, at the End whereof Sham Zangee (1) an Abassin, had built an old Caravan, Twenty Miles from Cormoot; where we met a Caphala of light Asses going for the Port; and here we were obliged to change more of our Camels, they being quite tired. fn. 1 Shamsangl. "I lodg’d at a little Inn call’d Shamzenghi. It is low, built like a Cross, with four doors to receive the cool winds every way” (Tavernier, 254). For the route, see Wilson, op. cit. 158. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 pp 189-90
« March the 2d. At 4 afternoon sett out for Cormoot, 7 farsangs; the 1st farsang a little stoney, 4 ore good way till come to a Radeler house at the foot of a mountain which we must pass, being one farsang bad way; the last farsang good way. Cormoot is a large village with abundance of Date trees; may have your horse shod and anything else fitt for Travellers.
Note: Diary of 2 March 1707/8.
Cormoot. Hormuz. Le Bruyn (II, 70 and 134) calls it Gormoet and Germoet, and he has an illustration of the inn. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49
SOURCE for Cromu
SOURCE for Germoet
« quamen ongeveer naer ses grote mijlen rijdens 'savonts tusschen 10 à 11 uuren met 'tondergaan der mane in de carewansera aan 't dorp Germoet (1) te rusten.fn. 1 Hormuz (Simla kaart). De karavaanweg van Bender-Congo (Kung)naar Lar vereenigt zich hier met dien van Bender-Abbas. Thans wordtLingah (nabij Kung gelegen) door dezen weg bediend. De afleiding lagergegeven van Gorma (khurma dadel) komt ook voor bij Fryer, Char-din, Thévenot (Hormont), De Bruyn en Tomaschek, en heeft wel haaroorsprong in de aanwezigheid van een aantal dadelpalmen. [After about six miles of riding, we came to rest in the carewansera at the village of Germoet (1) between 10 and 11 o'clock in the evening when the moon was going down.fn. 1 Hormuz (Simla card). The caravan road from Bender-Congo (Kung) to Lar joins here with that from Bender-Abbas. Currently Lingah (located near Kung) is served by this road. The lower derivation of Gorma (khurma date) also occurs in Fryer, Chardin, Thévenot (Hormont), De Bruyn and Tomaschek, and does have its origin in the presence of a number of date palms.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 42
SOURCE for Germouth
«095 (km) Germouth (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
[see source « Gormouth (Khormout) » belowof alternate Chardin spelling. PBR]
SOURCE for Goermoet
« Den 12. dito vertrek zyn Ed: weder op 't vorige uur desnachts, trok voorby Tangadoelon, quam ontrent half negen in Goermoet, [On the 12th his Ed left: again at the previous hour at night, passed Tangadoelon, arrived at Goermoet about half past eight,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
« Den 6. dito na 4 mylen ruim rydens, in 't dorp Goermoet, en na nog een myl, 's middags in de Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat. [On the 6th, after 4 miles, in the village of Goermoet, and after another mile, in the afternoon in the Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Gormoedt
SOURCE for Gormoet
« Nous paſſames enfuite des montagnes et des rochers, et arrivámes à une heure du matin au Caravanʃerai de Gormoet; après une traite de 5. lieuës. [We passed mountains and rocks, and arrived at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravan'erai of Gormoet; after a milking of 5 leagues.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318
SOURCE for Gormouth (Khormout)
« La traite aboutit à un grand village, qu'on nomme Gormouth (Khormout), si grand qu'il occupe bien une demi-lieue de terrain avec ses jardins, quiconsistent en unamas de dattiers; et c'est la raison de sa dénomination, qui vient de gormah (Khormá), qui signifie datte (*).
fn. (*) Nakhl. Ce mot arabe signifie palmier, dattier, Phoenix dac- tylifera, Linn. Voyez les détails les plus circonstanciés sur la culture du dattier, et la récolte et l'usage de ses fruits, dans les Amænita- fes exotica, pag. 661-754; et dans un fragment très-curieux de la Cosmographie d'Ebn al-odardy, pag. 41-73, des Dissertationes ad saeras litteras et philologiam orient, spectantes, d'Aurivillius, un vol. fn-8. (L.)
[The path leads to a large village, called Gormouth (Khormout), so large that it occupies half a league of land with its gardens, which consist of a pile of date palms; and this is the reason for its name, which comes from gormah (Khormá), which means date (*).
fn. (*) Nakhl. This Arabic word means palm, date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Linn. See the most detailed details on the cultivation of the date palm, and the harvest and use of its fruits, in the Amænitafes exotica, pag. 661-754; and in a very curious fragment of the Cosmography of Ebn al-odardy, pag. 41-73, from Dissertationes ad saeras litteras et philologiam orient, spectantes, by Aurivillius, a vol. fn-8. (L.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p.488
SOURCE for Hhormont
«095 (km) Hhormont (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Hormout (Hurmut)
« Hormout (Hurmut) for each carga four qäzbekis for gūshi, but with a small present one may have to pay only a quarter or at a maximum half of this amount. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321
SOURCE for Hormouz- Sefit-Boun
« Nous arrivons à deux heures à Hormouz- Sefit-Boun (1), village environné de murs flan- qués de tours. Nous obtinmes un logement; mais on ne voulut rien nous fournir. Ce vil- lage, autrefois considérable, n'est aujourd'hui composé que de dix familles qui sont venues s'y établir depuis quatorze mois seulement. [We arrive at two o'clock at Hormouz-Sefit-Boun (1), a village surrounded by walls flanked by towers. We obtained lodging; but they would not provide us with anything. This village, formerly considerable, is today composed of only ten families who have come to settle there for only fourteen months.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 429
SOURCE for Hormud
« A little farther on from that point, Hormud appeared; this is where we had planned on stopping for the day. Shortly before entering the city, we were greeted by its governor and five or six other Persians who accompanied the Ambassador to a [margin: small] tent that his servants had pitched in a palm orchard next to the town. This place was more beautiful than any other we had seen thus far: the ground was covered with thick, green grass, and it was nestled among a great number of palms that were laden with the most beautiful dates imaginable. ... The Ambassador [fol. 221r] was also regaled with wine and fruit, including great bunches of dates that were as big and tasty as the ones from Fārs. The dates from Jahrom and from this small town of Hormu are generally praised and prized more than any others. Just as the Ambassador was about to dine, there arrived a dervish or hermit that lived by himself in a nearby hermitage, and who was considered by all the Persians to be a holy man. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 328
SOURCE for Hormud-e Mir Khund
SOURCE for Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi
« The caravan then arrived at another caravanserai that was near a village of seventy shacks that had been badly constructed out of mud walls, but its location was pleasant and beautiful, surrounded by many palm and other kinds of trees that were green and leafy, notwithstanding it was so late in the fall. This village is called Hormūd (26) because of the great abundance of its dates.
fn. 26 Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi; Silva y Figueroa may be correct in his translation of the Persian word for date palm. »
#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 300
SOURCE for Hormuus
SOURCE for Hormux
« Hormux » in {map#1243 in #3222 Frederic Goldsmid, Lieutenant H. B. Vaughan's Recent Journey in Eastern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, Vol. 12:No. 10:pp. 577-595 ~ fig. Lieut. Vaughan's Route Journey through Central Persia}
SOURCE for Hormuz
«095 (km) Hormuz (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
« Of Hormuz itself we are told the ruins around it must once have been a much larger place. The hills on its north side contain sulphur and large quantities iron. "Ibex wild sheep, partridges, and sand-grouse abound." Owing to the reports of conflict between the Arabs and Persians Darab, and the consequent insecurity for travellers, the first three days of the new year were spent at Hormuz. » #3222 Frederic Goldsmid, Lieutenant H. B. Vaughan's Recent Journey in Eastern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, Vol. 12:No. 10:pp. 577-595 ~ p. 580
« Persian text omitted. [12 They move from Agha Jamal to Hormuz, the distance is two miles. There are mountains on both sides and the road is flat. Hormoz village is located at the foot of the mountain. The river Shur flows through this mountain and village, and Hormoz has many houses and palm trees. two
They have a caravanserai and ten ponds. Most of the people living there are riflemen, all of them have Martin. There are many mines in Mount Hormuz, there is also a spring of fresh water in the slope of Mount Gharib near the village. There is also a castle in the middle of the grove.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 581
« At 12 miles halt at Hormuz. ... A small village surrounded by a ruined wall, and about 50 yards square. A few huts outside, a dilapidated caravanserai, and a few ruinous bourkahs about.The village musters 20 fighting men. There is a tower in the centre of the accompanying description. On the approach of danger about ten men retire to it and command the village and approaches by their fire. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 10
SOURCE for Horum
«095 (km) |Horum (De Silva Figueroa) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46
« About two days Journey from Guin lies the little City Horum, so call'd from its Beauty and great plenty of Dates; as also anotherof the same denomination, between Cabrestan and Lara. Between Guin and Horum you meet with a barren and uninhabited Desart, of three days Journey, not having in all that way above two Pits of Water. » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7
SOURCE for Karavanserail Hormud-e Abbasi
« Karavanserail Hormud-e Abbasi (Abb. 5) (183)Lage: 14 km südöstlich von Karavanserail Ceki, 7 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Hadji Agha Djamal, in + 490 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas.Das Karavanserail wird als Gendarmeriestation ge-nutzt; es entspricht dem Typ der größeren Pavillon-Kara-vanserails. Daneben steht die stark verfallene Ruine eines weiteren Bauwerkes dieses Typus sowie vier Zisternen. fn 183 Der Ort wurde am 4. 12. 1984 besucht.- H. Gaube, a.a.O., 44- [aravanserail Hormud-e Abbasi (Fig. 5) (183) Location: 14 km southeast of Caravanserail Ceki, 7 km northwest of Caravanserail Hadji Agha Djamal, at an elevation of 490 m above sea level, on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas.The caravanserail is used as a gendarmerie station; it corresponds to the type of larger pavilion caravanserails. fn 183 The site was visited on December 4, 1984. - H. Gaube, op. cit., 44-] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 144
SOURCE for Khurma
« (30) Khurma-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219
SOURCE for Kormout
« Je marchai trois heures dans une plaine fertile, puis entre d'affreux rochers, et sur les dix heures du soir j'arrivai à Kormout, grand village rempli de palmiers. [I walked for three hours in a fertile plain, then between horrible rocks, and around ten o'clock in the evening I arrived at Kormout, a large village filled with palm trees.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 322
« Nous traversâmes ensuite une basse montagne, et nous descendîmes encore dans une plaine où est le village de Khormout; notre menzil, à douze heures de Tengonou. [We then crossed a low mountain, and we descended again into a plain where the village of Khormout is; our menzil, twelve hours from Tengonou.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 531
SOURCE for Kormur
« Durch Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran und andere Orth über mannigfaltigeGe bürg und sehr gesalkene Wasserlein fas men wir vor ungeheuer hohe Berge die kein Thal durchschnitte/soweit unsere Aus gen seben kunten. [Through Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran and other places over various mountains and very salty little streams we came across immensely high mountains which, as far as our eyes could see, were not crossed by any valley.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 269
SOURCE for Whormoot
« Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black paviliion; in it three old Arabians; who, out of their Alcoran ingeminated a dolefull requiem to their Brothers carcaffe, over which they fat; their lookes were clouded with pathetick fadneffe, their cheekes bedewed with briny teares, intending (afeer the Jewish mode, septem ad luctus) to folemnife his farewell feven daies, finging, fighing, weeping. ... Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, LazianDe, and other Townes, where is got the beſt AffaFatida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radith: the vertue had need be much, it ftincks ſo odiously. But, though the favour bee fo bale, the fapor is fo excellent, that no meat, no fauce, no veffell pleaſes the Guzurats pallat, fave what reliſhes of it. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125
SOURCE for Whorwoote
«095 (km) Whorwoote (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46

R42-006 Ourmangell
R42-006 Ourmangell : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.668212 long 54.540383 † basis (p)
Supplement: Herbert in his 1634 edition, « fuch being at euery Manzeil or refting places, ... From Bannarom, next night we got fiue leagues (or fifteene Engliſh miles) further, ... The fift night our Manzeil (or lournies end for that day) was at Whormoote, ... Next night we trauelled fixe leagues further, and two dayes after into Larr, »
Herbert in his 1638 edition, « Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black pavillion ... Next night we got to Our mangell, five: and next day to Larr; two miles ſhort of which old City, »
In his 1634 edition Herbert travels from Whormoot 5 leagues further, that is 24 km, and two days later arrives at Lar, which implies 72 km from Whormoot to Lar about the actual distance from Hormud-e Mir Khund to Lar. He makes no mention of stops but at 24km from Whormoot would be Badini, at 48km would be Basti Pariab C. and 72 km Lar.
I believe that this is another example of the name being a distortion of our مَنزِل / manzel temporary stop for travellers; lodging house, way station.
VARIANT names: Ourmangell (Herbert) ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ourmangell (Herbert) AT Basti Pariab C. lat 27.668212 long 54.540383 [PBR],
SOURCE for Ourmangell (Herbert)
« Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black paviliion; in it three old Arabians; who, out of their Alcoran ingeminated a dolefull requiem to their Brothers carcaffe, over which they fat; their lookes were clouded with pathetick fadneffe, their cheekes bedewed with briny teares, intending (afeer the Jewish mode, septem ad luctus) to folemnife his farewell feven daies, finging, fighing, weeping. ... Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, LazianDe, and other Townes, where is got the beſt AffaFatida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radith: the vertue had need be much, it ftincks ſo odiously. But, though the favour bee fo bale, the fapor is fo excellent, that no meat, no fauce, no veffell pleaſes the Guzurats pallat, fave what reliſhes of it. Next night we got to Ourmangell, five: and next day to Larr; two miles ſhort of which old City, the Cawzy, Calantar and other of the prime Citizens welcomed us with wine and other adjunts of complement. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p.125
« [116. Thevenot 1971, vol. 2, p. 132 (Ouasili; Schemzenghi); Kaempfer 1968, p. 121 (Wasili);Valentijn 1726, vol. 5, p. 265 (caravanserai Wasselee; Samsange); LeBrun 1718, vol. 2, p. 318(Basieli; then followed an unnamed small caravanserai probably Shamsangi); Speelman 1908, p.44 (Wassely; Siamse Sangy); Herbert 1929, p. 54 (Ourmangel) in view of the distance, 5 farsakh,this must be Wasali; Fryer 1909, vol. 2, p. 190 mentioned half-way between Sham Zangee and Lhor[Lar] a new caravanserai which either must be Waseli or Tang-e Nao. Ketelaar, without reportingtheir names, mentioned two sarays between Dastgerd and Kenanoen. KA 1793, f. 981.] » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 277 n. 116

R42-008 Deachow (or Techoo)
R42-008 Deachow (or Techoo) : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Deh Kooyeh , Dehkuh , Dehkuyeh , دهکویه ,
VARIANT names: Däaku , Däaku (Deh-Kuh?) , Dacu , Dahkuh , Dakkah , De Kert (Delhi-Kourd) , Deachow (or Techoo) , Deh Kuh , Dehaccow , Dehacoe , Deh-ak-Kou , De-hakoe , Dehcohibibia , De-hi Kourd , Dehikoe , Dehko , Dehkuh , Dehkuyeh , Dehkūyeh , Deku , Diacoo , Dirkuh ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION at Dehkuh FOR Achu [PBR],
SOURCE for Däaku
« Erst aus dem Dorfe S ¼ Stunde, dann SO + S ½ Farsach, dann links SO+S ½ Farach, links ½ Stunde, wo links eine Tange ... ¼ Farsach. SO, ¼ Farsach, wo wir aus den Hügeln heraus kamen auf eine sehr hohe Ebene ... dann S ¼ Farsach zum Dorfe Däaku (Deh-Kuh ?). Liegt am Ende dieser am Berge ... Einen halben Farsach von diesem Dorfe war am Wege wie ein Reitpfahl aufgemasert, wo der Weg sich teilte und ein andrer links unter dem Gebirge abging nach Darab, welches 12 Far sach von hier liegt. Den Pfahl habe ein Kaufmann aufrichten lassen, als er die ganze Nacht hier gereist war und anstatt den Larschen den Darabschen Weg gegangen war. [First from the village S ¼ hour, then SE + S ½ Farsach, then left SE+S ½ Farach, left ½ hour, where on the left there is a tange... ¼ Farsach. SE, ¼ Farsach, where we came out of the hills onto a very high plain... then S ¼ Farsach to the village of Däaku (Deh-Kuh?). At the end of this lies on the mountain... Half a farsach from this village there was a riding post on the road where the path split and another went off to the left under the mountains to Darab, which is 12 farsach from here. A merchant had the post erected when he traveled here all night and went the Darab route instead of the Larschen.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 119
SOURCE for Däaku (Deh-Kuh?)
« Erst aus dem Dorfe S ¼ Stunde, dann SO + S ½ Farsach, dann links SO+S ½ Farach, links ½ Stunde, wo links eine Tange ... ¼ Farsach. SO, ¼ Farsach, wo wir aus den Hügeln heraus kamen auf eine sehr hohe Ebene... dann S ¼ Farsach zum Dorfe Däaku (Deh-Kuh ?). [First from the village S ¼ hour, then SE + S ½ Farsach, then left SE+S ½ Farach, left ½ hour, where on the left there is a tange... ¼ Farsach. SE, ¼ Farsach, where we came out of the hills onto a very high plain... then S ¼ Farsach to the village of Däaku (Deh-Kuh?). ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 119
SOURCE for Dacu
« Il Venerdì primo d'Ottobre fatte 20. miglia di cammino per aridi monti, ci fermammo dopo ſette ore nel Karvan- ſerà di Pacurel; avendo laſciato cinque miglia prima il Karvanſerà, e Caſale di Dacu. [On the first Friday of October, having walked 20 miles across arid mountains, we stopped after seven hours in the Karvanſerà of Pacurel; having left five miles earlier the Karvanſerà, and Kaſale di Dacu.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 271
SOURCE for Dahkuh
« Dahkuh » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz}
« My muleteers mere all impressed by the governor, and on the second day we arrived at their village, Dah-Kuh, where I halted to let them cook food for the road. They were very anxious to stop and assist in gathering the harvest. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26
SOURCE for Dakkah
« , till the track emerges on to the little Dahkuh plain, an expanse of perfectly flat arable land some 2 miles square, hemel in by low hills, and drained by the ravine referred to above into the Kardah plain.From Dakkah a track diverge direct to Forg, the main road to Jahrum running northwest over vary stony ground for some 12 mile to Biris. Midway between Dahkah and Biris the track crosses the watershed dividing the Kurdah and Biris systems. Existing map are incorrect on this point. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 160
SOURCE for De Kert (Delhi-Kourd)
« Je les fisen dix heures, partie par des collines, où le che min n'est pourtant pas difficile, partie par desplaines. Après deux lieues de marche, on laissesur la gauche un village, nommé De Kert (Delhi Kourd), avec un grand caravanserai bâti à l'en trée; [I did them in ten hours, partly over hills, where the path is not difficult, partly over plains. After two leagues of walking, we leave on the left a village, called De Kert (Delhi Kourd), with a large caravanserai built at the entrance;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 479
SOURCE for Deachow (or Techoo)
« The foureteenth day wee rode to Deachow (or Techoo) which fignifies a Towne under ahill; where we ſee many prettie Tombs, not any without his graveftone and an Arabick memoriall. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 129
SOURCE for Deh Kuh
« Onwards road is excellent, running over a level plain with a very hard surface. Deh Küh is reached after crossing small ridge which presents no obstacle.
Deh Küh has a village and sarai and several birkehs. Fire- wood very scanty. Supplies negligible for a force more than a section strong. Camping ground excellent a large flat plain. Grazing very scanty. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Dehaccow
« The foure and twentieth day of August, 1581. about noone I departed from Lar. And at Lar every summe of merchandise payeth at the passing out of the gate one Tanger, which is twelve Pull. And the five and twentieth day wee passed downe very high Mountaine; and the a same day passed by a Casal, called Dehaccow. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460
SOURCE for Dehacoe
« Wy hielden ons verblyf in een ander dorp, Dehacoe genaamd. Daar is een redelyke Karrawantera benevens een oude vervallene, namen ons verblyf in een koſtelyk gebouw, over al met lof-werk, gevogelte, en inakery geſchilderd, en verguld, den Calenter aldaar toebehoorende, dig ons heerlyk onthaalde. [We stayed in another village called Dehacoe. There is a reasonable Karrawantera as well as an old dilapidated one, where we stayed in a beautiful building, all painted with praise, birds and inakery, and gilded, the Calenter belonging there, which welcomed us wonderfully.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 265
SOURCE for Deh-ak-Kou
« Arrivé à son extrémité, on marche pendant environ une heure entre des collines, avant de descendre dans une nou- velle vallée fort agréable. Sur la droite est le village de Deh-ak-Kou, qui paraît avoir été important autrefois. Au milieu d'une infinité de décombres, sont des plantations d'arbres, beaucoup de citernes, et un vaste caravansérail. [Having reached its extremity, we walk for about an hour between hills, before descending into a new and very pleasant valley. On the right is the village of Deh-ak-Kou, which appears to have been important in former times. In the midst of an infinity of ruins, are plantations of trees, many cisterns, and a vast caravanserai.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 446
SOURCE for De-hakoe
« Nous en partimes le lendemain avant jour,arrivámes à 10. heures à De-hakoe, beaugrand village, où il y a un bon Caravanfirai de pierre,beaucoup de palmiersd'autres arbres. Le conducteur des bêtes de charge nous y [We left there before daylight the next day, arriving at 10 o'clock at De-hakoe, a beautiful large village, where there is a good stone caravan park, many palm trees and other trees. The driver of the beasts of burden us there ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316
SOURCE for Dehcohibibia
« The 5th daye we traveled a very craggie and mountainous waye and full of turninges. This daye we cam [to] Dehcohibibia [Dihkuh], a litle poore towne lying vpon a craggi and poore playne. Here we picht, haueing traveled 2 1ges. Here likwise the water is good, but tanck water » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 82
SOURCE for De-hi Kourd
« about ſeven a Clock we paſſed by a Village called De-hi Kourd, where there is a Kervanʃeray: in that place are many Tamarisks, ſome Palm-Trees, and feveral Ciſterns. We left that Village on our Left Hand, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130
SOURCE for Dehikoe
« Den 20. dito ten 2 uuren des 's nagts uyt Lhaar vertrokken zynde: quam zyn Ed: ten 7 uuren in het dorp Dehikoe [On the 20th of the same day, having left Lhaar at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed arrived at the village of Dehikoe at 7 o'clock.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
« Den 30. dito na 3 mylen dito, in 't 't dorp Dehikoe. [The 30th after 3 miles ditto, in the village of Dehikoe.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Dehko
« Persian text omitted. [In Dehko, there are approximately twenty ponds and a caravanserai in a defective castle, and there are houses and houses. The caravan sometimes stops in Korde and sometimes in Dehko.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583
SOURCE for Dehkuh
SOURCE for Dehkuyeh
« Folgt man von Kurdeh aus der Straße nach Norden, so erreicht man bei Km 36 den Ort Dehkuyeh mit dem auffallenden Shahzadeh Esmael. Fast alle europäischen Reisenden des 17. und. 18 Jhts. signalisieren für diesen Ort ein Karavanserail, welches sich aber nicht erhalten hat. In Dehkuyeh teilt sich die Straße nach Biris in Westen und Darab im Norden, [If you follow the road north from Kurdeh, at km 36 you reach the town of Dehkuyeh with the striking Shahzadeh Esmael. Almost all European travelers of the 17th and 18th century Signal a caravanserail for this place, which has not been preserved.In Dehkuyeh the road divides to Biris in the west and Darab in the north,] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 4
« There I waited until the arrival of the others, and together we continued the trip. The night was pleasant because of the moon. At the seventh hour of the night we all rested in a caravanserai named Dehkuyeh, which was round in the shape of a theater. Inside it had arches like the others, and it also had two rather cool rooms on top of the portal.(19) fn. 19 Dehkuyeh is 36 km north of Lar. More likely, the caravanserai was octagonal. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 295
« The rest, after escaping from that terrible passage and traveling on level ground, finally arrived, with most of the caravan, in a small town consisting of just a few houses, called Dehkūyeh, next to which there was a caravanserai in partial ruins—it would be impossible for anyone to seek shelter there—and so everyone made themselves as comfortable as possible in the [fol. 212r] open air amid the cargo, the Ambassador climbing into his litter to rest a while. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 316
SOURCE for Dehkūyeh
« The rest, after escaping from that terrible passage and traveling on level ground, finally arrived, with most of the caravan, in a small town consisting of just a few houses, called Dehkūyeh, next to which there was a caravanserai in partial ruins—it would be impossible for anyone to seek shelter there—and so everyone made themselves as comfortable as possible in the [fol. 212r] open air amid the cargo, the Ambassador climbing into his litter to rest a while. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 316
SOURCE for Deku
« Durch Satalck, Deku, Schirafir, und andere gemeine Flecken und Städtgen kamen wir gegen den 7. Octobris zu Lar an. [Through Satalck, Deku, Shirafir, and other small towns and villages, we arrived at Lar about the 7th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 265
SOURCE for Diacoo
« 27th February]. About 5 sett out for Diacoo, 9 farsangs; the 1[st] farsang bad way, the other 2 good till you come to a Radeler house 3 farsangs more very bad way. Went over a great many mountains, goeing up hill and down till come to Beris about 1 in the morning. Beris is a very good caravensaroy and a good village; lay there till morning and went to Discoo, 3 farsangs more; good way, very good caravensaroy and good village.
note: Diary of 27 February 1707/8.
Diacoo. Dihakû. The Deachow (or Techoo) of Herbert (p. 129), the Deh-hi-Kourd of Thévenot (Pt. II, 129), the De-hakoo and Dekoe of Le Bruyn (II, 68, 134), and the Dehi-Koh of D'Anville's map. Radeler house. Customs station, where was a râhdar, customs officer. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48
SOURCE for Dirkuh
« (27) Dirkuh [? sic) a farsakhs. After there are many ab-anbars, and another cistern a leagues from Lar. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes

R42-009 Berry
R42-009 Berry : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Beriz , Bizeh , Tireh , بریز ,
VARIANT names: Beeres , Behry , Beli , Berez , Beri , Beries , Beris , Beriz , Berre , Berrie , Berry , Bery , Bexim, Bechim , Bieries , Bihri , Biri , Biries , Biriis (Beriẞ) , Biris , Biris or Bizri , Biriz , Briz , Bury ,
SOURCE for Beeres
« and travelled to Beeres, a pretty large Towne, and a spacious Caravan-Sarai, the best I have yet seen on yo Road, except that at Larr. Very bad Water, but plenty of Provisions.August 15.-We rose from Beeres, »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206
SOURCE for Behry
« Le caravanserai de Behry a été bâti, il y a cin- quante ans, par la mère d'un gouverneur de Laar, nominé Ahvez bec ou Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), et consacré à son nom. [The Behry caravanserai was built fifty years ago by the mother of a governor of Laar, named Ahvez bec or Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), and dedicated in her name] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 477
SOURCE for Beli
« Partimmo tardi da Benarù il Giovedì ultimo, e per malagevole ſtrada, così di piani, come di peſſime falite ce ſceſe di pietre, arriyammo dopo aver fatte 30. miglia in 11. ore, nel Cafale, e famoſo Karvanſerà di Beli. [We left Benarù late on the last Thursday, and along a difficult road, both flat and rocky, we arrived after having covered 30 miles in 11 hours, in the Cafale, and famous Karvanſerà di Beli.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 271
SOURCE for Berez
« MOGU BAY to SHIRAZ 8. BEREZ | 21 | 147 Seven hours. The road is over the open country generally, but a few passes over low ridges are met with. Water is procurable from wells and springs. Camp in an open desert. No supplies. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 388
SOURCE for Beri
« 15 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ 385
SOURCE for Beries
« Den 21. dito op 't vorige uur verreisde hy weder, en quam met den dag in Beries; [On the 21st of the same day, at the previous hour, he set out again, and arrived in Beries that same day;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
« Den 29. dito na 6 mylen rydens, in 't dorp Beries. [The 29th ditto after 6 miles drive, in the village of Beries.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Beris
« [27th February]. About 5 sett out for Diacoo, 9 farsangs; the 1[st] farsang bad way, the other 2 good till you come to a Radeler house 3 farsangs more very bad way. Went over a great many mountains, goeing up hill and down till come to Beris about 1 in the morning. Beris is a very good caravensaroy and a good village; lay there till morning and went to Discoo, 3 farsangs more; good way, very good caravensaroy and good village.
note: Diary of 27 February 1707/8.
Beris, Biriz. The Bury of Fryer (II, 198 and n. 1), and the Bibri of Thévenot (Pt. II, 130), who had a similar experience of "very stormy way . up hill and down hill," but found the inn "a fair new built" structure, "one of the loveliest Karavanserays in all Persia." Le Bruyn also (II, 68) praises the inn at "Bieries," and the one in the "large handsome village" of "De-hakoe." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48
SOURCE for Beriz
[not to be confused with another Beriz NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056064 coordinate: lat 27.8928 long 54.083 NIMA/GNS names: Bavaz , Beriz , Biriz 25.5kms bearing 254°. PBR]
« [margin: 11 of November] On the 11th of November, we left this spot and reached Beriz early in the morning. This was another small town like the one we had left behind, and we spent just one night ther »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 317
SOURCE for Berre
« (26) Berre [? sic) -6 farsakhs. A place with a fort in ruins. Two ab-anbars on the road. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes
« And this five and twentieth day at night lodged at a Casal, called Berre. And to the South of the Towne is an old Castle upon an high Mountaine. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460
SOURCE for Berrie
« Here we picht in a prophets lodge lying by the waye side, whose name is Shohzoda [Shahzada], the townes nam is Berrie [Biriz], haueing traveled 5 or 6 lges. Here the water is good. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 82
SOURCE for Berry
« we mounted our melancholly Mules, and made our next Manzeel at Berry. Nothing was obfervable in the way, fave a huge thick wall, of great length and height, cut by infinite toyle out of the follid rock, to fafeguard the Larians from the Skyrazians, Larr in that place terminating. Berry is a ſmall Village; it promiſes much at diſtance, but when there,deludes the expectation: yet is it famous through the Perfian Territories » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 130
SOURCE for Bery
« Bij goeden tret quamen al voormiddagh naer niet min als drie mijlen rijdens in Bery (2), een slegt dorp, maer vrij aansienelijk om de carewansera, weynigh jaren verlede daar door den Lhaersen gouverneur 72 pas- sen in de lengte, 79 dito in de breete, weersijts met een stallingh 10 treden wijt, van binnen een ruym viercant pleyn, rontsom met 24 moeye camerkens en aan de ingangh off in de poorte mede twee affgeslote camerkens, in welker eene den Edele Heer Cunaeus logys nam, [If the weather was good, I arrived early this afternoon, not less than three miles away, in Bery (2), a poor village, but quite significant for the carewansera, some years ago the governor of Lhaersen built it there 72 paces in length, 79 ditto in the width, again with a shed 10 steps away, inside a spacious square square, round with 24 large cafeterias and at the entrance to the gate also two closed cafeterias, in which the Noble Lord Cunaeus took refuge,] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 56
SOURCE for Bexim, Bechim
« au quart de l'aube, pour aller nous restaurer dans un autre appelé Bexim.Il est grand, avec de belles maisons, quoiqu'elles soient en torchis. [at quarter to dawn, to go and eat in another called Bexim. It is large, with beautiful houses, although they are made of cob.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111
SOURCE for Bieries
« nous pourfuivimes notre chemin le vingt-fixieme, une heure avant le coucher du foleil, par des montagnes pierreulesde méchans chemins,arrivåmes à une heure du matin au Caravanseras de Bieries dans la plaine, après une traite de 5. licues. C'est un grandbel édifice de pierre, [We continued our journey on the twenty-fifth, an hour before sunset, through stony mountains of steep paths, arriving at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravanseras of Bieries in the plain, after a journey of 5 licues. It is a large beautiful stone building,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316
SOURCE for Bihri
« we arrived at a great Village called Bihri, where many Palms and Tamarisk-Trees grow: there are ſeveral Ciſerns there, but the water of them is full of Worms, and therefore one must be careful to ſtrain it through a Cloath, We Lodged in a fair new built Kervanʃeray in that Village, this is one of the lovlieſt Kervanʃerays in all Perfia, not only for the ſolidity of the Fabrick, being built of rough Stone and hard Flint, but alſo for its neat Portal, large ſquare Court, many fpacious Rooms, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130
« Le vingt-sixième, je partis à une heure après minuit, et marchai jusques à neuf heures du matin, en partie dans la plaine et en partie entre les montagnes, dans lesquelles je vis une vieille tour qui était pour garder le passage. Je demeurai à Bihri, petite ville bâtie au coin d'une plaine qui aboutit à une haute montagne. Le carvansera est neuf et bâti assez magnifiquement par la mère d'Aimas, kan de Lar, le grand Cha-Abas ayant pris ce pays-là sur les Guèbres qu'il contraignit de se faire maho- métans. Ce fut dans ce même carvansera que Monsieur Thévenot, l'un des plus illustres voyageurs de notre siècle', se blessa fort dangereu- sement, un de ses pistolets qu'il avait demandés à son valet pour les mettre auprès de lui sur le matelas où il était couché, s'étant malheu- reusement lâché et lui ayant percé la cuisse, de quoi il fut presque en termes de mourir. [On the twenty-sixth, I set out at one o'clock after midnight, and walked until nine o'clock in the morning, partly in the plain and partly between the mountains, in which I saw an old tower which was to guard the passage. I stayed in Bihri, a small town built on the corner of a plain which leads to a high mountain. The carvansera is new and built quite magnificently by the mother of Aimas, kan of Lar, the great Cha-Abas having taken that country from the Guèbres whom he forced to become Mohammedans. It was in this same carvansera that Monsieur Thévenot, one of the most illustrious travelers of our century, seriously injured himself, one of his pistols which he had asked his valet to place near him on the mattress. where he was lying, having unfortunately let go and pierced his thigh, from which he almost died.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 316-7
SOURCE for Biri
« Il venerdi, forse due ore innanzi giorno, avendo camminato sola- mente da due leghe, scaricammo a prender riposo vicino ad un caravanserai che chiamano della campagna di Biri, perchè poco lontano di là sta la villa Biri, abitata [On Friday, perhaps two hours before the day, having walked only two leagues, we unloaded to take a rest near a caravanserai which they call Biri countryside] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 384
« On the 11th we traveled from the 22nd hour until the 2nd hour of the night and lodged in the caravanserai Beriz, bigger than the others, with several little towers around it. The arches inside were open from top to bot tom, and each arch corresponded to a room. There were staircases in the four corners to go up to the terrace.(20) fn. 20. Bembo calls it "Biri." Beriz is 19 km northwest of Lar. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 294
SOURCE for Biries
« Den 17. dito reden wy over veel gebergte van kley en key-fteenen, quamen in een ſchoone Valey, en trokken door een groot dorp, Biries genaamd. In 't inkomen zag men een vierkante gemetzelde pilaar laan, zynde ontrent voeten hoog, alwaar voor eenigen tyd een per- zoon levendig is ingemetzeld. Hier ftaat ook een cierlyke Piramide, zynde eeu grafitede, daar onder een ſchoone kapel, met Tapyten belegd, is, in welke ook eenige lampen brandden, en werd daar dagelyks voor de verltorvenen gebeden. Hier is een koftelyke nieuwe Karrawan- fera met veel overdekte water-tankken en putten. Regt voor de Karrawanfera ftaat een uitstekende fchoone verwelfde watertank, zynde wel 100 voeten over 't Kruis, en 300 voeten in 't rond. Dit is een van de opmerkens weerdigite metzelwerken, die ik in Meden Perien heb gezien, hebbende 4 bebe en Konink- lyke ruime poorten of ingangen om water te ſcheppen. Men heeft hier veel begraaf-fteden en eenig geboomte. [On the 17th we rode over many mountains of Kley and Keyfteene, came to a beautiful Valley, and passed through a large village called Biries. In the entrance one saw a square brick pillar avenue, about feet high, where a person was lively bricked in for some time. Here is also a beautiful Pyramid, made of graphite, under which there is a beautiful chapel, covered with Tapytes, in which some lamps were also burning, where prayers were said daily for the deceased. Here is a cool new Karrawanfera with many covered water tanks and wells. In front of the Karrawanfera there is an excellent beautiful arched water tank, about 100 feet above the Cross, and 300 feet around. This is one of the most remarkable stoneworks I have seen in Meden Perien, having 4 bebe and royal spacious gates or entrances for creating water. There are many burial places and some trees here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 pp. 264-5
SOURCE for Biriis (Beriẞ)
« den 18. Dez. 1685 vor Sonnenaufgang bis zu dem großen Dorfe Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach. [December 18, 1685 before sunrise to the large village of Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 118
SOURCE for Biris
« The fine serai and little hamlet of Biris, with blue domed mosque close by, stands at the edge of a narrow flat; plain, some 10 miles long east and west, and 2 miles broad. »#1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 160
« On découvre le village de Biris, quelque temps avant d'y arriver (1). Un fort situé sur une éminence, regarde l'entrée de la vallée qui se dirige de l'O. à l'E., et qu'ildomine. Les murailles, et quelques tours quiles flanquaient, existent encore. Une ving-taine de familles seulement habitent ce lieu,et donnent au gouverneur de Lår les deuxtiers de leurs récoltes.Biris renferme beaucoup de citernes, un immense caravansérail, et deux mausolées nouvellement construits. fn. 1 Il m'a semble que de Deh-ak-kou à Biris, nous n'avions pas marché autant à l'E., que le marque la carte de d'Anville. [We discover the village of Biris, some time before arriving there (1). A fort located on an eminence, looks at the entrance to the valley which runs from the W. to the E., and which it dominates. The walls, and some towers which flanked them, still exist. Only about twenty families live there, and give the governor of Lår two-thirds of their harvests. Biris contains many cisterns, an immense caravanserai, and two newly built mausoleums. fn. 1 It seemed to me that from Deh-ak-kou to Biris, we had not walked as far to the E., as d'Anville's map shows.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 446-7
SOURCE for Biris or Bizri
« Nous traversâmes ensuite une autre montagne et une autre plaine où est situé Biris ou Bizri, petit village ruiné, avec un vaste caravansérail, bâti par Chah-Abbas [We then crossed another mountain and another plain where Biris or Bizri is located, a small ruined village, with a vast caravanserai, built by Shah-Abbas] » ##3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838., Librairie Encyclopédique De Roret, Paris, 1843 ~ pt.2 p. 528
SOURCE for Biriz
« Biriz has a sarai, shrine, and three cisterns, one of which had an abundance of good water at this time. Firewood and grazing practically nil. Supplies nil. Large open plain for camping ground. Locusts have eaten up all crops in this district. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Briz
« Persian text omitted. [When they leave from Dehko, they go to Sharfu, it is six miles away. When they went three farsakhs, they reached the village of Briz. There are several valleys without water on the road. In the village of Briz, there are eight ponds and a fort, and there are not many houses, houses, and wells.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583
SOURCE for Bury
« Hence to Bury (1) metes out Twelve Miles more, where the best Caravan Ser Raw is on all the Road, it being not only well Adorned with White facing Stone, but is both a Large and Convenient, as well as Stately Fabrick.
Hard by this is a Peor, or Burying-place of one of their Prophets, being a goodly Monument, with an Arabick School Founded in his Honour, and Endowed with a good Pension for to maintain the Devotion of their Priests. fn. 1 Biris, about 15 miles as the crow flies N.W. of Lar, the Berry of Herbert (130). "I stand at Bihry, a little City seated upon a plain, that borders upon a high mountain. The Inn is new and very mag- nificently built by the mother of Aimas, Kan of Lar, when the great Sha-Abbas took the country from the Gaures, whom he constrain'd to turn Mahumetans" (Tavernier, 252 f.). Hedges (Diary, i, 206) calls it Beeres, and praises the "spacious Caravan-Sarai, the best I have seen on y Road, except that at Larr." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 198

R42-010 Bannarow
R42-010 Bannarow : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Banarooyeh , Banaru""iyeh , Banaru'iyeh , Banaruyeh , Bonaruyeh , Fathabad , بناروئیه , بنارویه ,
VARIANT names: Banaru , Bannarow , Benarce , Benaro , Benaroe , Benarou , Benarou , Benarroo , Benaru , Benerouw , Benirouio , Binado , Binaru , Bonaroo , Bonaru , Bonaruye , Bonaruyeh , Borun , Bunaru , Bunaruya , Carerow , village river two mills, fort (Rebelo) ,
SOURCE for Banaru
« Banaru » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz}
« , the karavansaray at the large village of Banaru, where many ruins were situated at the foot of the mountain, came into view. The karavansaray here also had many large cisterns. (102) Banaru, was a pleasant, not very large village, with many palm groves, and there was an old karavansaray called that of Khayrat Khan (Cheirat Chan) after a Persian, who had been an envoy from Golconda.
fn. 102 Thevenot, vol. II, p. 129; Stodart, pp. 81-2 (Carerow), which had a därigha. Winninx, 16 July (Bererovio). »#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 77
SOURCE for Bannarow
« Next night wee got to Bannarow. The laft Towne feafted us with Traditions, this with good cheare, muſick, three kettle drummes, and fix dumb Muſquets. The ruines of an ancient Caftle (demoliſht lately by the Perfian) ſhewes its ribs, through which the coole ayre blowes, ſeldome failing from the top of that ſtupendious Mountaine: one ſide of the Caſtle wall is anatomized to the Town, the other to the ſtony Deſart. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 131
SOURCE for Benarce
« sijn ontrent den avont ses mijlen van 't dorp Bery in 't dorp Benarce (2) gecomen. Hier heeft men mede in 't hangen ende selff op de toppen van 't ge- bergte 't overgeblevene metselwerk van een casteel en verscheide daerin gebouwde woonhuyskensfn. 2 De Simla kaart spelt Bararu. De hier vermelde overblijfselen wor den ook door andera reizigers beschreven als omvangrijk. [We arrived six miles from the village of Bery to the village of Benarce (2) around the evening. Here, hanging on the tops of the mountains, one also finds the remaining masonry of a castle and several residential houses built in it. fn. 2 The Simla card spells Bararu. The remains mentioned here are also described by other travelers as extensive.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 60
SOURCE for Benaro
« Persian text omitted. From Sharfu, the journey to Joym is five farsakhs. When they passed two farsakhs, they reached Benaro. It is from the side of the bean fields, so it is authentic from Qara. It has many caravanserais and many houses. There is a strong castle there, the descendants of Fath Ali Khan Gerashi rule there. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583
SOURCE for Benaroe
« en floegen ons neder in cen vermakelyk groot dorp, Benaroe genaamd, [and drove us down to a wonderfully large village called Benaroe,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264
« Den 22. dito vertrok zyn Ed: op het gewoon uur te peerd, en quam ontrent 7 uuren in 't dorp Benaroe, alwaar zyn Ed: weder door den Calenter verwellc- komt wierd. [On the 22nd of the same day his Ed left at the usual hour on horseback, and arrived at the village of Benaroe about 7 o'clock, where his Ed was again welcomed by the Calenter.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273
« Den 28. dito na 4 uuren langs een elendigen modderigen weg (door den regen veroorzaakt) gereden te hebben, in't dorp Benaroe. [On the 28th, after driving for 4 hours along a miserable muddy road (caused by the rain), we arrived in the village of Benaroe.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Benarou
« 'achevai ina journée à Benarou, ou Benarhou (2), comine on l'écrit, grand village situé sur le pencliant d'une montagne abondante en dattiers, le principal arbre fruitier de ce pays et des autres contrées chaudes et arides, qui sont au-deli. On y trouve un grand nombre de puits, et grand nombre de citernes, toutes grandes: j'en comptai plus de cinquante. fn. 2 Benaroù est situé au pied d'une montagne, sur laquelle se trouvent de nombreuses et vastes ruines d'anciens édifices assez semblables à des forteresses; les habitans passent pour les meilleurs artilleurs de la Perse. Fryer's Account of East India and Persia, pag. 240. Le royaume de Lår commence à la sortie de Benároù, qui est la dernière ville de la province de Färs, suivant Tavernier, tom. 1er, pag. 745, edit in-12 (L.) [I ended my day in Benarou, or Benarhou (2), as it is written, a large village located on the slope of a mountain abundant in date palms, the main fruit tree of this country and other hot and arid regions, which are beyond. There are a large number of wells, and a large number of cisterns, all large: I counted more than fifty. fn. 2 Benarù is located at the foot of a mountain, on which are numerous and vast ruins of ancient buildings quite similar to fortresses; the inhabitants are considered to be the best artillerymen in Persia. Fryer's Account of East India and Persia, p. 240. The kingdom of Lår begins at the exit of Benárù, which is the last town in the province of Färs, according to Tavernier, tom. 1st, p. 745, edit in-12 (L.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol.8 pp. 470-1
« Nous passons au- près de deux caravansérails peu éloignés Pun de l'autre, à côté desquels sont des citernes pleines d'eau. A quelque pas du dernier, le village de Benarou semble s'élever au milieu de beaucoup de décombres. La maison du ke- lonter est environnée de murs flanqués de tours carrées d'une grande hauteur. Ce village, com- posé d'un millier d'habitans, est bâti dans le sud de la vallée, au pied d'une montagne, et dominé par un fort à demi ruiné. On m'a as- suré qu'on avait creusé dans ce fort des puits d'une profondeur extraordinaire. [We pass by two caravanserais not far from each other, beside which are cisterns full of water. A few steps from the last, the village of Benarou seems to rise in the middle of much rubble. The house of the kelonter is surrounded by walls flanked by square towers of great height. This village, composed of a thousand inhabitants, is built in the south of the valley, at the foot of a mountain, and dominated by a half-ruined fort. I was assured that wells of extraordinary depth had been dug in this fort.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 447-8
« Le vingt-cinquième, je continuai de marcher dans la plaine durant trois heures, et je m'arrêtai à Benarou, petite ville assez bien bâtie au pied d'une haute montagne, sur laquelle on voit encore des restes d'un grand château. Cette ville est frontière de la province de Fars et du royaume de Lar, qui commence à la sortie de Benarou. [On the twenty-fifth, I continued walking in the plain for three hours, and I stopped at Benarou, a small town fairly well built at the foot of a high mountain, on which we can still see the remains of a large castle. This city is on the border of the province of Fars and the kingdom of Lar, which begins at the exit of Benarou. ] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316
« Ce lieu n'é- tait point le menzil ordinaire des caravanes. Comme il avait beaucoup plu, la terre était humide, le vent très-froid et le temps encore fort incertain: j'insistai pour que nous allassions à Bénârou, gros village avec un caravansérail, à trois farsangs plus loin. Je n'y réussis point sans me facher beaucoup, et j'arrivai le soir à Bénárou, où j'eus beaucoup de peine à trouver une petite place dans le caravansérail. Ce village a de grandes cultures et diverses plantations de palmiers. [This place was not the ordinary menzil of caravans. As it had rained a lot, the ground was damp, the wind very cold and the weather still very uncertain: I insisted that we go to Bénârou, a large village with a caravanserai, three farsangs further on. I did not succeed without getting very upset, and I arrived in the evening at Bénárou, where I had great difficulty finding a small place in the caravanserai. This village has large crops and various palm plantations.] » ##3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838., Librairie Encyclopédique De Roret, Paris, 1843 ~ pt.2 p. 525
SOURCE for Benarroo
« August 15. We rose from Beeres, and passing through Benarroo, lay at Bocktearee »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol.1 p. 206
SOURCE for Benaru
Hill, that is to the right of it, upon which, on the other ſide of the Kervanʃeray, are the ruins of many ſolid Buildings, that reach from the top to the bottom of the Hill, and ſeem to have been ſome confiderable place: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 pp. 129-30
« Benaru » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars}
« Bei Regen reist man besser, wenn auch weiter um, nach Bachtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, von dort nach Benaru 1 Farsach. So machte ich ¼ Stunde SSW den Umweg nach Bachtiaru. [If it rains, it is better to travel, although further, to Bakhtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, from there to Benaru 1 Farsach. So I took a detour to Bakhtiaru ¼ hour SSW.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 117
« Fatte 25. miglia in 9.ore per terreno piano, giugnemmo il Mercordi 29. nel Caſale di Benarù. Eravamo pafſſati cinque miglia prima per lo Karvanſerà di Dedomba, vicino un picciolo Caſale; però non vi reſtammo, per non eſſere Manzil, [Having traveled 25 miles in 9 hours over flat terrain, we arrived on Mercordi 29 in the Caſale di Benarù. We were fed up five miles earlier for the Karvanſerà of Dedomba, near a small Caſale; but we did not stay there, so as not to be Manzil,] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 270
« Eine große rechteckige Wallanlage ähnlich der Qal'a-ye Gelli bei Kariyan liegt bei dem Orte Benaru am Fuße eines Berges. Die Umwallung ist langrechteckig, mit einer Seitenlänge von etwa 1 km. Am Berghang liegt ein Tiefbrunnen mit einem Förderturm, von dem eine gemauerte Wasserleitung von beachtlicher Größe in die Wallanlage herab- führt. [A large rectangular rampart similar to the Qal'a-ye Gelli near Kariyan is located near the town of Benaru at the foot of a mountain. The rampart is long and rectangular, with sides measuring about 1 km. On the mountainside there is a deep well with a winding tower, from which a brick water pipe of considerable size leads down into the rampart.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 194
SOURCE for Benerouw
SOURCE for Benirouio
SOURCE for Binado
« BINADO, lugar · do ~ Binaru, supomos, em z8° 01' lat. N. e 53° 57' longo R, na . Pérsia. [Afonso de Albuquerque - Cartas de]. . .. . [BINADO, place of ~ Binaru, we suppose, in z8° 01' lat. N. and 53° 57' long. R, in . Persia. [Afonso de Albuquerque - Letters from]. . . . .] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. A-C p. 113
SOURCE for Binaru
« BINARU-LAT. 28° 1'; LONG. 53° 56'.A prosperous village on the north slopes of Küh-i-Bināru, on the south edge of an extensive irrigated plain. Population about 1,200; a few palm- trees. Water plentiful from cisterns and irrigation cuts. Supplies plentiful; fuel scarce. It is celebrated for its tobacco. It lies 45 miles north- west of Lär, 135 from Shiraz and 165 from Mughū Bay.Roads diverge in every direction across the open plain, the chief roads being to Bid-Shahr Biriz, Firūzābād and Jüium. On the top of the Küh-i- Binārū is an ancient ruin, named Shah Nishin, connected with a ruined mud fort, at the foot of the hill, by a ruined covered way. The hillside to the north is covered with ruins of houses, all formerly enclosed by a strong, double wall, of which the foundations alone are now visible. In the centre of the ruins are an old cistern and two dry wells, 200 feet deep.- (Ross-Jones-Wilson and Cruikshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 171
SOURCE for Bonaroo
« Att 4 sett out the 26th for Bonaroo, 10 farsangs; the first 2 farsangs bad war. Went over a small mountain; at the bottom a fine small spring of good water where supped and went 2 farsangs more to Murall, pretty good way. Arrived 8 at night; lay there in small but good caravensaroy till about 1 in the morning, then sett out for Bonaroo, and farsangs more; good way. Bonaroo, indeferent caravensaroy, but large village, lyes at the foot of severall mountains meeting togather.
note:
Diary of 26 February 1707/8.
Bonaroo. Binarû. See Fryer II, 198 and n. 3. Both Herbert and Thevenot stopped at "Bannarow," "Banarou," but Le Bruyn has no mention of the place. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48
SOURCE for Bonaru
« The next Munsel we hardly Went, but Crept onward to, through almost impassable and dangerous Precipices, with all the heed imaginable, for a Trip here could not have been retrieved without the loss of our Lives; but by the Divine Providence we came to Bonaru (3), an Eight Cornered Caravan Ser Raw, Eighteen Miles from Bury; there on an Hill are the remains of a regular Fortification, with a suppliment of Outworks on every side fn. 3 Banaru, the Bannarow of Herbert (131): Benarroo of Hedges (Diary, i, 206). It lies on 28 parallel N. Lat. "But this Province [Farsistan] formerly extended no further than Banaroa, two days journey from Lar, before Sha-Abas conquered the Kingdom of Lar, and then the Kingdom of Ormus" Ormus" (Tavernier, 142). Elsewhere (252) he speaks of "Banarou, a little City well built at the foot of a high mountain, upon which appears the remains of a large Castle." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 198
SOURCE for Bonaruye
« where he forced them to found the new town of Bonāruye after first completely demolishing the fortress, though the wall was so strong that it took several days to accomplish this. Great pieces of the foundation were left intact so that the memory of what had been there before would not be lost. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 318
SOURCE for Bonaruyeh
« Today we reached Bonāruye, a town somewhat larger than the two we had passed. It lies at the foot of a towering mountain, at the top of which [text blacked out] there stood not long ago a very strong and impregnable fortress that was surrounded by a thick wall made of stone and lime. Its ruins and its impregnable location can now be seen to cover the entire summit. It had a very large square and was spacious enough to defend a large number of people. In the center of the square was an extremely deep cistern. Encircling the wall of this fortress at the highest point of the mountain was the ancient city of Bonāruye, whose population was much larger than the town that is currently located below. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 317
SOURCE for Borun
« and at the fourth hour of the night we arrived at a caravanserai named Borun, on a mountain. (21) fn. 21. Borun (Bembo's "Benaru") is 6 km from Beriz. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ pp. 294-5
SOURCE for Bunaru
« (25) Bunaru-3 farsakhs. The first place in Lar province: good road. There is a fort in ruins on the summit of amountain pass. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes
SOURCE for Bunaruya
« Bunārūya » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666
SOURCE for Carerow
« I further traveled 4 lges. and came over a playne to a towne called Carerow. (1) Being veri late in the night we were forst for to pich in a poore caravansero, and slept in a roome weh was full of assinegoss. (1) fn. 1 This word is crossed out in the MS. The town is obviously Binaru. fn. 1 obs. Asinego (Sp. asnico, dim. of asno) , an ass. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ pp. 81-2
SOURCE for village river two mills, fort (Rebelo)
[no place name given - description used for Route 78 stage 009. PBR]
« Ayant repris la route de bon matin, nous alla- mes jusqu'à un grand village très plaisant, près d'une autre rivière qui fait tourner deux moulins. L'agglomération est située au bout d'une vaste plaine, au pied d'une montagne escarpée. On y trouve beaucoup de dattes. Elle a un fort // en torchis mais très bien fait, avec deux bastions, et entouré de barbacanes. Dans les terrains avoisinants, nous vimes beaucoup de gazelles, gibier recherché dans la région. [] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111

R42-011a wilderneſſe (Herbert)
R42-011a wilderneſſe (Herbert) : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.412578 long 53.813508 † basis (p)
VARIANT names: wilderneſſe (Herbert) ,
SOURCE for wilderneſſe (Herbert)
[no place name given - description used for Route 42 stage 011a. PBR]
« Next night we lost one another by a careleſſe aſſociating, and had a miferable lodging in that vaſt and barren wilderneſſe: affording no graffe, no trees, no water, but ftones and ſand in great abundance » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132

R42-014 Coughton
R42-014 Coughton : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.8287 long 53.3259 † basis (p, a)
Supplement: not known
VARIANT names: Coughton ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION of Coughton AT Taduwan lat 28.8287 long 53.3259 [],
SOURCE for Coughton
« Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
« Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3211 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7

R42-015 Vnghea
R42-015 Vnghea : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 † basis (p, a)
Supplement: not known
VARIANT names: Vnghea ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION of Vnghea AT Khafr lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 [],
SOURCE for Vnghea
« Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
« Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3211 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7

R42-016 Moyechaw
R42-016 Moyechaw : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.1905 long 52.789 † basis (p, a)
Supplement: not known
VARIANT names: Moyechaw ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION of Moyechaw AT Mozaffari lat 29.1905 long 52.789 [],
SOURCE for Moyechaw
« Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
« Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3211 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7

R42-016a Bobbaw-hodgee
R42-016a Bobbaw-hodgee : place IRN (caravanserai)
VARIANT names: Baagì , Baba Haddji , Baba Hadji , Baba Hajees , Baba Haji C. , Baba Hhadji , Babaadgi , Baba-Adgi , Babaghali , Babagi , Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy) , Babbahad-jie , Babe Hasy , Bäwärji-Sarai , Bobba Hodge , Bobbahodge , Bobbaw-hodgee , Bobohogi , Carab-Bajar , Carawanfera (Struys 05 apr) , Carvanfera Babbahasj , Karavanserail Bid Zard ,
SOURCE for Baagì
« On the 21st at the usual hour we began traveling again in a very beautiful plain, in the middle of which we ate at the 24th hour. At the 6th hour of the night we stopped in the caravanserai Baghan (28) after having passed two or three small mountains which are at one end of that plain. fn. 28. Bembo's "Baagi." » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 297
SOURCE for Baba Haddji
« den 8. Dez. gereist nach der Karawanserei Baba Haddji (Baba Håddji) 5 Farsach, die schlecht von Feldsteinen erbaut war. [December 8th traveled to the caravanserai Baba Haddji (Baba Håddji) 5 Farsach, which was poorly built of field stones.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111
SOURCE for Baba Hadji
« Je m'arrête à l'étang d'eau douce de Baba Hadji, où, à ma première visite en 1935, j'avais trouvé une multitude énorme d'oiseaux et où l'eau semblait fourmiller de poissons, de reptiles et de batraciens. Cette fois-ci, il n'y a là pas le moindre oiseau et dans l'eau claire je n'aperçois aucune faune macroscopique, mais les jolis nénufars sont en fleurs et ma récolte de Crustacés, péniblement exécutée avec un seul bras, est des plus fructueuses (83, p. 259). [I stop at the fresh water pond of Baba Hadji, where, on my first visit in 1935, I found an enormous multitude of birds and where the water seemed to teem with fish, reptiles and amphibians. This time, there is not the slightest bird there and in the clear water I don't see any macroscopic fauna, but the pretty water lilies are in flower and my harvest of crustaceans, painfully carried out with a single arm, is most fruitful (83, p. 259).] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p.180
« Laissant à gauche divers villages, nous attei- gnîmes un caravansérail appelé Baba-hadji, près duquel est une source, et où nous nous arrêtâmes pendant une heure pour faire prendre haleine à nos chevaux. A cinquante pas de ce caravansérail, est une cellule où se tient un dervich, qui vit des aumônes des voyageurs. [Leaving on the left various villages, we reached a caravanserai called Baba-hadji, near which is a spring, and where we stopped for an hour to let our horses take breath. Fifty paces from this caravanserai is a cell where a dervish lives, who lives on the alms of travelers.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 463
SOURCE for Baba Hajees
« Baba Hajees » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5}
SOURCE for Baba Haji C.
« The Mahalu mountains were still on our left.
Seven miles from Deh-i-Nau, they throw out a
low spur, which divides the plain of Shiraz from
that of Kavar. It is crossed by a road called
Baba Haji's Pass 4
(gardana i Baba Haji), and
there is also an easier road which turns the
point of the spur, and which is used by the
Qawam's carriage, when he takes his drives
abroad. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 77
« BABA HAJI-LAT. 29° 21' N.; LONG. 52° 40' E.; ELEV . A village in Färs, 15 miles from Shiraz, on the road to Firūzabad, from which it is distant 51 miles. A few supplies are procurable here from the nomads, and there is generally some grain stored in the village. Water is derived from a spring. The climate here in summer is said to be cool and refreshing. These distances differ from those given in routes. St. John and Ross describe it as only a caravanserai, 20 miles from Shiraz. There is fruit procurable, Grazing reported good. Supplies easily obtainable in limited quantity from numerous villages in the neighbourhood. A mule track diverges to Sarvistán valley (Wilson-Pelly.) »#2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ p. 177
« Every traveller, with the exception of Hedges, considered Baba Hajji a poor karavansaray. It was situated at the end of the Shiraz plain, which is about twelve leagues in length and, in some places, two leagues in width. Water was not good here. The karavansaray was rather large, but partly dilapidated. It stood alone, was badly constructed of freestone and, in one word was "wretched". It had been named after its founder who was buried close by. It had no good water, though a little beyond the karavansaray there was some to be found. The karavansaray was close to a cluster of seven villages, of which the most populous one contained the karavansaray. In 1717 this last was old, though still a reasonable place for staying the night. According to Hedges, Baba Hajji was situated in a fine, well-watered plain and was wellstored with provisions. (79)
fn. 78 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111 (Pylli Pessa); Speelman, pp. 83-4 (Ousjouael); Fryer, vol. II, p. 209 (the Beggards- Garden called Udgewally); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 284 (Oesiwat; Osiwar); KA 1793, fol. 999 (Oudsjou alla); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 105 (Ochiar). The lake refers to the Darya-i Mahalu, a salt lake, where there was also a karavansaray, p. 351. Jean Aubin (ed. and tr.). L'Ambassade de Gregorio Pereira Fidalgo à la cour de Chah Soltan Hosseyn 1696-1692 (Lisbon, 1971), pp. 42-3 (Uxuan).fn. 79 Stodart, p. 79 (Bobohogi); Thevenot, vol. II. p.127 (Baba- Adgi); Valentijn, vol. V. p. 262 (Babaghasi); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111 (Baba Haddji); Speelman, p. 83 (Babe Hasy); Herbert, p. 107 (Bobbaw-hodgee); Fryer, vol. II, p. 208 (Bobba Hodge); Strauszens, p. 193 (Dobba); Hedges, p. 207 (Bobba Hadgee); KA 1793, fol. 998b (Bha Bha Hadje); Tavernier, p. 310 (Babaadgi); Winninx, 22 July (Babba Hasi); Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 461-2 (Babahaagi); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Babba hadjie); Carmelites, loc. cit. »
#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p.75
SOURCE for Baba Hhadji
« Den 4. dito quam zyn Ed: met den dag na 7 mylen rydens, in de Karrawaanfera Baba Hhadji, [Den 4. Dito quam zyn Ed: met den dag na 7 mylen rydens, in de Karrawaanfera Baba Hhadji,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274
« Den 19. dito, na een weg van 4 mylen rydens, en het trekken over de brug Polifaſa, quam zyn Ed: aan de Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji. [On the 19th, after riding four miles and crossing the bridge Polifaſa, his Ed arrived at the Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Babaadgi
« j'arrivai au carvansera appelé Babaadgi. L'eau n'y est pas bonne et est comme tiède, et depuis ce lieu-là on commence à ne sentir plus de froid. [I arrived at the carvansera called Babaadgi. The water there is not good and is like lukewarm, and from there you begin to no longer feel cold.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 310
SOURCE for Baba-Adgi
« Travelled till half an hour after One a Clock, we came to a wretched Kervanseray flanding all alone; it is called Baba-Adgi from the name of its Founder, who lies buried hard by, and is five Agaisch from Schiras » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 127
SOURCE for Babaghali
« en wy namen ons verblyf in tenten by een Karrawanfera Babaghali, zeer eenzaam in 't gebergte ſtaande, nevens klip, en riet land. [and we took up our abode in tents near a Karrawanfera Babaghali, standing very lonely in the mountains, next to a cliff and reed land.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263
SOURCE for Babagi
« Camminammo adunque tutta la notte, e venimmo a fermarci la Domenica 19. nel Cafale di Bagbun, che vuol dire Ortolano, diſtante 30. miglia da Sciras. La giornata ordinaria faria ſtata fino a Babagi 10. miglia più in dietro; però ci avanzammo, come diffi fino a Bagbun, per effer patria de' nuovi Ciarvatari. [So we walked all night, and we came to stop on Sunday 19th in the Cafale di Bagbun, which means Ortolano, 30 miles away from Sciras. The ordinary day would be up to Babagi 10. miles further back; therefore we advanced, as far as Bagbun, to become the homeland of the new Ciarvatari.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 264
SOURCE for Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy)
« Je fis cinq lieues, la plupart dans la belle plaine où Chiras est situé, et je fus coucher à un caravanserai, nommé Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy), c'est-à- dire, père pélerin, du nom du fondateur. C'est un méchant gîte, petit et mal entretenu, situé au pied d'une montagne, de laquelle il sort des eaux tièdes, qui sont les seules que l'on puisse avoir en cet endroit-là (1). f. n. 1 Thévenot ajoute pourtant qu'il s'y trouve, un peu plus loin, une source dont l'eau est fort bonne. Il place Bábà Hhadjy à cinq Aghatch de Chyraz. C. Le Bruyn donne la mèrue distance que Chardin. (L-s.) [I traveled five leagues, most of it in the beautiful plain where Chiras is located, and I slept at a caravanserai, named Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy), that is to say, pilgrim father, named after the founder. It is a nasty lodge, small and poorly maintained, located at the foot of a mountain, from which lukewarm waters come out, which are the only ones that can be had in that place (1). f. not. (1) Thévenot adds, however, that there is a spring there, a little further on, with very good water. He places Bábà Hhadjy five Aghatch from Chyraz. C. Le Bruyn gives the same distance as Chardin. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 459-60
SOURCE for Babbahad-jie
« Au milieu de la plaine,proche de ce pont, il y a une montagne feparée de toutes les autres, laquelle nous laiffämes à gauche,arriv?mes à minuit au Caravanserai de Babbahad-jie, à 5. lieuës de Zjie-raes. [In the middle of the plain, and close to this bridge, there is a mountain separated from all the others, which we left on the left, and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Babbahad-jie, 5 leagues from Zjie-raes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312
SOURCE for Babe Hasy
« T'eynde der vlacte (die min dan 7 mijlen breet ende wel soo langh is) sijn noch een mijl over moeyelijke steenachtige bergwegen gereden wesende, ten een uure naer de middagh 8 mijlen van Mossaffry in de rustplactse Babe Hasy (1)fn. 1 Babqa haji (Simla kaart) Papa pelgrim (Mekkaganger). ... [The valley (which is less than 7 miles wide and about as long) has been driven for a mile over difficult stony mountain roads, about an hour after noon, 8 miles from Mossaffry in the resting place Babe Hasy (1) fn. 1 Babqa haji (Simla card) Papa pilgrim (Mecca goer). ...] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 83
SOURCE for Bäwärji-Sarai
[This could be a corruption of Baba Haji. PBR]
SOURCE for Bobba Hodge
« We continued journying all this Night; wherefore the Sun had gilded the Firmament with his Vermilion Red, before we took up at Bobba Hodge (3), Thirty Miles compleat from our last Stage. fn. 3 Baba HajI, lying S.W. of the Daria-i-Mahala lake. “Here the Firuzabad road joins the main Jahrum-Shiraz road” (Wilson, 165). Herbert (132) writes Bobbaw-hodgee; Hedges (i, 207) Bobba Hadgee. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 208
SOURCE for Bobbahodge
« Dined here and went away for Shirass, being 5 farsangs, bad way up hills and down ; about the middle of the way in a fine plain is a good caravensaroy. Arrjved at Shirass at 8 at night. 21st [February], being Sunday. Went away for Bobbahodge, 9 farsangs good way.
note: Diary of 21 February 1707/8.
Bobbahodge. Bâbâ Hâjî. See Tavernier (Persian Travels, p. 251), who calls the place Badaadge; Fryer (II, 208 and n. 3). Le Bruyn stayed at the "Caravanserai of Babba-had-jie, five leagues from Zjie-ras" in August 1704 (II, 64), and again in November 1706 (II, 137), when he calls the place "Babasjie." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 41 and 47
SOURCE for Bobbaw-hodgee
« next day to Pully-pot-ʃhaw (1) (leaving Bobbaw-hodgee on our left hand) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
SOURCE for Bobohogi
« And when the daye apeered we sett forward and came to Bobohogi [Baba Hajji], a poor caravansero weh standes att the end of the playne of Siras, weh is about 12 lges. in lengthe and in som places 2 lges. in bredth. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p 79
SOURCE for Carab-Bajar
« Ohnweit Carab-Bajar traffen wir einen Wald an von lauter Terpentin-Bäumen. [Not far from Carab-Bajar we come across a forest of turpentine trees.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 263
SOURCE for Carawanfera (Struys 05 apr)
[no place name given - description used for Route 60 stage 001. PBR]
« 2 apr pond teeming with fish near K. » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p.
SOURCE for Carvanfera Babbahasj
SOURCE for Karavanserail Bid Zard
« Karavanserail Bid Zard (Abb. 5; 180)(126)Lage: 33 km südlich von Shiraz (Zentrum), 22 km nörd- lich von Kavar und 40 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Ab-e Germ, in + 1490 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom nach Lar und Bandar-e Abbas und an der Straße von Shiraz nach Firuzabad und Bandar-e Taheri (Si- raf).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabtei- lungen und Halbrundtürmen an den Courtinen und Gebäu- deecken.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 51 x 48,30 m, Hofabmessun- gen 30,30 x 24,30 m, Höhe der Hoffronten 5,20 m, Höhe ein- schließlich Obergeschoß 9,60 m (Abb. 181).Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Relativ gut er- halten, landwirtschaftlich genutzt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. [Bid Zard Caravanserai (Fig. 5; 180)(126)Location: 33 km south of Shiraz (center), 22 km north of Kavar and 40 km northwest of the Ab-e Germ Caravanserai, at + 1490 m above sea level, on the road from Shiraz via Djahrom to Lar and Bandar-e Abbas and on the road from Shiraz to Firuzabad and Bandar-e Taheri (Si-raf).Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans, four stable sections and semicircular towers on the courtyards and building corners.Dimensions: external dimensions 51 x 48.30 m, courtyard dimensions 30.30 x 24.30 m, height of courtyard fronts 5.20 m, height including upper floor 9.60 m (Fig. 181).Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: relatively well preserved, used for agricultural purposes.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Qajar, 19th century.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 101

R42-030 Yezdecawz
R42-030 Yezdecawz : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Izad Khast , Izad Khvast , Samirum , Yazd-e Khast , Yazd-e Khvast , Yezd-i-Khast , ایزد خواست ,
VARIANT names: Esduchos , Hiesdegas , Izad Khast , Izdehast , Jesdagaes , Jesdagaes , Jesdegas , Jurgestan , Lurgisthan Carauansera , Yazd-i-Khost , Yazdikhwast , Yes-de-gas , Yes-de-Kast , Yezdikhast , Yezd-khast , Yudacoss ,
SOURCE for Esduchos
« The Day alter we Marched Two and Thirty Miles to Esduchos (2): But before we exchanged Degurdu for this place, we accosted a Black Marble Mountain, fn 2 Herbert (148), writing Yezdicaws, is nearer the original name of this remarkable place than Fryer. It is Yezdikhast, explained by old writers to be a Pehlevi word signifying "God willed it." It has been described by many writers. "Yezdikhast is, truly enough, built on the top of a remarkable rock, and this rock does stand in the middle of a deep valley: but the latter, so far from being a valley in the ordinary acceptation of the term, is a deep gash or trench cut down to a depth of over 100 feet, without the slightest warning, in the middle of the plain, the edge being as clearly defined as Shakespeare's Cliff at Dover. One is almost on the brink of the gully before one is aware of its ex-istence. At the bottom flows a swift and dirty stream towards the east. ...I own I should never myself have detected any analogy to the hang-ing gardens of Babylon" (Curzon, ii, 66 ff.). Compare Goldsmid, 196. Illustrations will be found in Curzon (ii, 66): Goldsmid (226): Sykes, Ten Thousand Miles (330). It is the Yezdecas of Tavernier (246), who quotes a common proverb: "That to live happy, a Man nust have a wife ci Yezd, eat the bread of Yezdecas, and drink the wine of Schiras." Browne (p. 224) writes the name Yezdi Khwāst, which is doubtless correct, adding that "what is called the sar-hadd, a sum-mer road, bears to the south-west into the mountains; while the garmsir, or winter road, crosses the chasm or valley below Yezdikh-wást, and trends towards the south-east." The former was Fryer's route. See also on these routes, Goldsmid, 192. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 233
SOURCE for Hiesdegas
« A 15, dia de Pasqua, se hizo jornada en Hiesdegas, despues de auer andado con la carauana grandes ocho leguas, [On the 15th, Easter Day, a journey was made to Hiesdegas, after having traveled with the caravan a great eight leagues,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 13
SOURCE for Izad Khast
« The third march from Surmek, however, brought me to a place which deserves more notice-Yezdikhast. 'Shiraz,' says an old Persian proverb, 'is famous for wine, Yezdikhast for bread, and Yezd for women.' But there is more than bread to see at Yezdikhast. Truly it is one of the most extraordinary villages of the world From ofon eg the trolladas » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 272
SOURCE for Izdehast
« La notte, levata la luna, si riprese al solito il viaggio: ma fatte solamente quattro leghe, il mercoledi, più di un'ora innanzi giorno, arrivammo alla villa Izdehast, che vuol dir Dio volle: dove convenne fermarsi, perchè non vi era altro luogo da ripo-sare, se non molto lontano. [At night, when the moon had risen, we resumed our journey as usual: but having gone only four leagues, on Wednesday, more than an hour before daybreak, we arrived at the villa Izdehast, which means God willed: where we had to stop, because there was no other place to rest, except very far away.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241
SOURCE for Jesdagaes
« Diary of 8 February 1707/8.Yudacoss. Yazd-i-Khôst. The Izdekhast of Della Valle (Hak. Soc. ed. III, 296).For a long note on this place see Fryer, op. cit., II, 233. When Thévenot first visited "Yes-de-Kast in 1665 (pp. 120-121), he found it "very little, having but only one street," the place "built upon a narrow rock" and "in manifest danger" of "falling down topsie turvy all at once." In 1667 he found the old village forsaken and another town, the one visited by Scattergood, in process of erection "to the northward." Struys says (p. 339) that the village was formerly called "Jurgestan, now Jesegas," and Hedges remarks of "Yes-de-gas" (I, 209) that it had "a good Caravan Serai, built in a vast great ditch. Le Bruyn (II, 3) has an illustration of the village of "Jesdagaes" as it appeared from the Kårwânsarâî in October 1704. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 46-7
SOURCE for Jesdegas
« Wy namen onze ruft op Jesdegas in ee'n fchoone groote Karrawanfera, ftaande by een brug, daar een fnelle rievier onder doorloopt, Hier heeft men een moorddadig en wederfpannig volk, woonende op zeer hooge klippen, die ftyl afloopen, daz men fchrikt, zoo men na om laag ziet [We took up our rest at Jesdegas in a beautiful, large Karrawanfera, standing by a bridge, under which a swift river flows. Here they have a murderous and unruly people, living on very high cliffs, which slope down so steeply that one is frightened when one looks down.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 260
SOURCE for Jurgestan
« That day we travailed 7 Dutch Miles and came at night to a Village formerly called Jurgestan, now Iesegas. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 329
SOURCE for Lurgisthan Carauansera
« The 21. I travell'd 10. leagues, to a Carauansera, cal'ed Iurgisthan, very ill way, and so much the more incommodious, by reason of the wind and snow, which hindred me very much. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 2
SOURCE for Yazd-i-Khost
SOURCE for Yazdikhwast
« and thence 7 to Yazdikhwāst village. Total: from Qūmishah to Yazdikhwāst 12 leagues, and from Isfahan 26 leagues. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176
« From this point we could clearly see before us a small conical hill, beyond which lay the hamlet of Yezdikhwást, which I was so anxious to see. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 224
SOURCE for Yes-de-gas
SOURCE for Yes-de-Kast
SOURCE for Yezdikhast
« The second day was a record-breaker; we rode seventy-seven miles in the hours between 5.10 A.M. and 10.45 p.m., when we reached Yezdikhast, one of the most curiously situated places that can be imagined. It is perched on top of a rocky height that looks, as one approaches it, like some gigantic ship that has been turned to stone in the midst of a river bed that has been dry for ages. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 277
SOURCE for Yezd-khast
« Je logeai à Yesdecast (Yezd-hhâsi), château et bourg, situés dans une vallée longue de vingt lieues, sept à l'orient du château, et treize à l'occident, et large de demi-lieue, presque partout. [I stayed at Yesdecast (Yezd-hhâsi), a castle and town, located in a valley twenty leagues long, seven to the east of the castle, and thirteen to the west, and half a league wide almost everywhere.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 204
SOURCE for Yudacoss

R42-031 Moxabeg
R42-031 Moxabeg : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS names: Magsud Beyk , Maqsud Begi , Maqsud Beyk ,
Supplement: Kleiss states « The eight caravanserail buildings of Maqsud Beyk, seven of which could be identified, extend over a distance of 2 km from north to south on both sides of the Esfahan Abadeh - Shiraz road (Fig. 277). » Now only one can be possibly identified that is Maqsud Beyk, Karavanserail VI.
VARIANT names: caravasar , Carawansera , Die Karavanserails von Maqsud Beyk , Karawanserei Myrsa kuczik Kala , Machsud carauansera , Magfoe-begie caravanserai , Mahsud , Maksoubegui , Maksud Beg , Maksudbegi , Maqsud Begi , Marzubeki , Mirza-Kut-chec , Moxabeg , Moxutebeggy , Muchsawbeggu , Muksood Beggy ,
SOURCE for caravasar
« A 16 caminó la caravana siete leguas, á una mucho mas pobre y miserable aldea cuyo nonbre no mereçe hazerse memoria del; [At 16 the caravan traveled seven leagues, to a much poorer and more miserable village whose name does not deserve to be remembered;] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 14
SOURCE for Carawansera
« Upon the 22 we set forward again and had very hilly way, which
proved so incommodous that we travailed that day no more than 6 Dutch Miles, and took our Nights rest at a Carawansera, where we met another Caravan coming from Gammeron richly loaden with all sorts of Indian Commodities, and bound for several Markets in Persia. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 329
SOURCE for Die Karavanserails von Maqsud Beyk
« Die Karavanserails von Maqsud Beyk (Abb. 12; 277) (150)Lage: Maqsud Beyk liegt 35 km südöstlich von Shahreza (Qomsheh/ Qumisheh), 35 km nördlich von Izadkhast (Pro-vinz Fars), in +1900 m ü.N.N., an der Straße Esfahan Izadkhast - Shiraz, und 20 km nördlich von Karavanserail Aminabad (Provinz Fars). Maqsud Beyk ist der letzte Kara-wanenort in der Provinz Esfahan (moderne Provinzauftei-lung).Die 8 Karawanenbauten von Maqsud Beyk, von denen 7 erfaßt werden konnten, erstrecken sich auf einer Entfernung von 2 km von Nord nach Süd beiderseits der Straße Esfahan Abadeh - Shiraz (Abb. 277). Im Dorf Maqsud Beyk liegt eine stark befestigte Dorfburg, die gelegentlich auch als Un-terkunftsort für Reisende gedient haben mag (151).fn 150 Die sieben noch sichtbaren Karavanserail-Ruinen wurden am 9. 12. 1984 (Nr. V und VII), am 12.6.1987 (Nr. VI) und am 12. 12. 1988 (Nr. I, II, III und IV) vermessen.fn 151 W. Kleiss, AMI 26, 1993, 276ff. [The Caravanserails of Maqsud Beyk (Fig. 12; 277) (150)Location: Maqsud Beyk is located 35 km southeast of Shahreza (Qomsheh/Qumisheh), 35 km north of Izadkhast (Fars Province), at an elevation of 1900 m above sea level, on the Esfahan Izadkhast - Shiraz road, and 20 km north of the Aminabad Caravanserail (Fars Province). Maqsud Beyk is the last caravan settlement in the Esfahan Province (modern provincial division).The eight caravanserail buildings of Maqsud Beyk, seven of which could be identified, extend over a distance of 2 km from north to south on both sides of the Esfahan Abadeh - Shiraz road (Fig. 277). In the village of Maqsud Beyk lies a heavily fortified village castle, which may occasionally have served as accommodation for travelers (151).fn 150 The seven remaining caravanserai ruins were surveyed on December 9, 1984 (Nos. V and VII), on June 12, 1987 (No. VI), and on December 12, 1988 (Nos. I, II, III, and IV).fn 151 W. Kleiss, AMI 26, 1993, 276ff.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 141
SOURCE for Karawanserei Myrsa kuczik Kala
« Von dort 1/2 Stunde zur Karawanserei und zum Garten desselben Stifters geradewegs S + 0, wohin ein breiter, gleichma~iger Weg fiihrte. Hinter der Karawanserei war ein baumreicher Traubengarten mit dick bewachsenen Aileen von WeiBpappeln. Ein Wasser von den Hohen fiillte einen Teich und lief weiter nach Qomescha. -Diese Karawanserei mit ailem Anhang wurde genannt Myrsa kuczik Kala (Mirsi Kutschek Kili (?) oder Qal'a, Burg (?). Sie war wohlgebaut und zierlich, verfiel aber schon hie und da. Hatte von Ziegeln und Lehm auf dem gemeinen Erdgrunde erbaute [From there, a half-hour walk led directly south to the caravanserai and the garden of the same founder, to which a wide, level path led. Behind the caravanserai was a tree-filled vineyard with thick avenues of white poplars. A stream from the hills filled a pond and flowed on to Qomesha. This caravanserai with all its appurtenances was called Myrsa Kuczik Kala (Mirsi Kutschek Kili (?) or Qal'a, Castle (?). It was well-built and elegant, but already showing signs of decay here and there. It had been built of bricks and clay on common soil.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 88
SOURCE for Machsud carauansera
« The 19. I got six leagues, to the Village of Machsud. This Village hath a Carauansera well furnished with Lodg|ings and Stables. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 1
SOURCE for Magfoe-begie caravanserai
« Nous arrivámes fur les 11. heures au Caravanserai de Magfoe-begie, fans avoir rencontré juſques-là aucun gibier. Nous y trouvámes le long d'un petit canal des becaffines, des canards, des pigeons et desallouctes. [We arrived at the Magfoe-begie caravanserai at 11 o'clock, without having encountered any game until then. There, along a small canal, we found woodcocks, ducks, pigeons, and shelducks.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 254
SOURCE for Mahsud
« In the morning I rode to Mahsud. ... At length came Mahsud, the usual collection of mud walls, and a solitary chapar khaneh ; —' to my delight furnished with a table and a chair, on which I write this. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 275
SOURCE for Maksoubegui
« Le vingt-septième, je marchai depuis quatre heures du matin jusques à dix heures par une plaine bien ensemencée, et je logeai dans un carvansera appelé Maksoubegui. [On the twenty-seventh, I walked from four o'clock in the morning until ten o'clock through a well-sown plain, and I lodged in a carvansera called Maksoubegui.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 294-5
SOURCE for Maksud Beg
« the village of Maksúd Beg, where we arrived about 4.30 P.M. , was a most desolate - looking spot. Here we found the Jewish minstrels who had overtaken us at Marg entertaining the muleteers and villagers with a concert in the caravansaray. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 223
SOURCE for Maksudbegi
« and then over a wide cultivated valley to Kishara, a walled village, with a chaparkhana in cultivated country. Maksudbegi, after which this chaparkhana is named, is a walled village-like fort, quarter of a mile further on, and close under the precipitous hills on the left of the valley. Good crops of wheat and barley are grown here, and the villages are all supplied with water by kanats, and have each a few plough-bullocks. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187
SOURCE for Maqsud Begi
SOURCE for Marzubeki
« Daar na trokken wy door een dorp, genaamd Milakoerfiek, ennamen ons verblyf tot Marzubeki in een tamelyke Karrawanfera; dog de lyf-wagt nam haar verblyf in een tent, thaande nevem de Kartawanfera. Men heeft hier goed water, en ook viích; dog die is kleyn, en grondig. [Afterward, we passed through a village called Milakoorfiek and took up residence at Marzubeki in a fairly small Karrawanfera. However, the guards stayed in a tent near the Karrawanfera. There is good water here, as well as fish; however, it is small and plentiful.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 260
SOURCE for Mirza-Kut-chec
« Le 5, je fis six petites lieues par le beau pays que j'ai représenté, qui est tout couvert de ruis-seaux et de villages. On en traverse un à moitié chemin, appelé Mirza-Kut-chec (Myrza Ku-tchuk), c'est-à-dire, petit prince, lequel durant l'été est un des agréables lieux qu'on puisse voir, et durant l'automne, celui où l'on mange les meilleurs melons. Sa principale beauté vient des jardins et des bâtimens qui y ont été faits par ce seigneur, de qui il porte le nom, qui étoit cèdre (ssedr), ou grand pontife, du temps d'A-bas - le - Grand, de qui il épousa une fille, à cause de quoi on lui donna ce nom de petit prince. Ma traite se termina à un joli village, nommé Maxud Bequi (1) du nom du ſeu fn. 1 Maqssoud Beyguy est situé à af milles anglais de Qòmichah, suivant Freyer (pag. 298 et 299), et à près de ao milles d'Yezd-Khôst, à cinq âghatch de Qomchah, suivant Thévenot, tom. IV, pag. 419. (L-s.) [On the 5th, I traveled six short leagues through the beautiful countryside I have depicted, which is covered with streams and villages. One is crossed halfway, called Mirza-Kut-chec (Myrza Ku-tchuk), that is, Little Prince, which during the summer is one of the pleasant places one can see, and during the autumn, the one where one eats the best melons. Its principal beauty comes from the gardens and buildings built there by this lord, after whom it is named, who was a cedar (ssedr), or high priest, in the time of Abas the Great, whose daughter he married, because of which he was given the name of Little Prince. My journey ended at a pretty village, named Maxud Bequi (1) after the name of the seu fn. 1 Maqssoud Beyguy is located at af English miles from Qòmichah, according to Freyer (pages 298 and 299), and at nearly ao miles from Yezd-Khôst, at five âghatch from Qomchah, according to Thévenot, tom. IV, page 419. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 202
SOURCE for Moxabeg
« Moxabeg » in {map#1322 Carte de l'itinéraire de Perse fait par Herbert, avec Dodmere Cotton, ambassadeur d'Angleterre, l'an 1627 / par P. du Val, , , }
« Next day, passing through De-Moxalbeg [Dih Maqsüd Begi], we got to Amno-baut [Aminābād], » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 119
SOURCE for Moxutebeggy
« Entering Parthia by this Mound, or heap of Earth, seemingly cast up on purpose to make this hollow Gulph, we were opposed by no other Mountains till we came to Moxutebeggy (1), though we encountred almost in every Village with old Castles made of Mud and almost turned to Earth again; fn 1 Maqsūd Begi, Maksud Beggi of Curzon's map (ii, 60), about 20 miles N. of Yezdikhast. Herbert (148) calls it De-Moxalbeg. According to Chardin, it took its name from "the late Lord Steward of Persia." "I travell'd...through a plain sow'd with store of grain, and lodg'd in an Inn called Maksonbegui” (Tavernier, 246). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 234
SOURCE for Muchsawbeggu
« About 5 in the Evening tooke leave of Mossrs. Weldon and Foulkes, the former beingabed by reason of his fall. Peter Lillye came with me to Muchsawbeggu, where arived about 10 at night, being 4 farsangs, good way; a bad caravensaroy, may have all things for a Traveller. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Muksood Beggy
« Our road over this plain lay about south-east by south, and at noon we reached the small station of Muksood Beggy. A large caravan from Shiraz, going to Ispahan, escorted by a troop of soldiers, had made their halt here, and every place of shelter was fully occupied by them. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 247

R42-032 Amno-baut
R42-032 Amno-baut : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Aminabad , امین آباد ,
VARIANT names: Amenabad , Aminabad , Ammanabaet , Ammeenabad , Amno-baut , Barak ,
SOURCE for Amenabad
« Il martedi mattina, un poco tardi, dopo aver camminato otto leghe, ci posanimo nella villa Amenabad, che s'interpreta Colonia di fede, e ci trattenemmo il giorno in un giardino che sta in mezzo tra la villa ed un castello che ivi è. [On Tuesday morning, a little late, after having walked eight leagues, we stopped at the Amenabad villa, which is interpreted as the Colony of Faith, and we spent the day in a garden which is between the villa and a castle which is there.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241
SOURCE for Aminabad
« Beyond Maksudbegi the country is cultivated for 3 miles, beyond which, at 12 miles, is Aminabad, a deserted village with a masonry caravansarai built by Shah Abbas, fast falling into ruins. This is the last village in Irak, and the road at a short distance beyond it enters the province of Fars » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187
SOURCE for Ammanabaet
« Nous en partimes à une heure du matin, et parvinmes fur les 5. heures au village d'Ammanabaet, qui fepare, à ce qu'on dit, la Perfe de la Parthide. [We left at one o'clock in the morning, and arrived at 5 o'clock at the village of Ammanabaet, which, it is said, separates Perf from Parthia.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 254
SOURCE for Ammeenabad
« Our course continued in nearly the same direction as before; but the plain had now changed from a light fertile soil to a gravelly and barren one, scantily spread with tufts of a thick wild graas, on which a few flocks of sheep were seen feeding. Not a village now appeared throughout our way, until after about four hours tra.velling we arrived at a small place called Ammeenabad. It was just before our entering this that we met three men on foot, » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 248
SOURCE for Amno-baut
« Next day (through De Moxalbeg) we got to Amno baut (by fome cald Boyall) a village of thirty families, all of them apoftat Georgians, inclofd, to exclude their ſhame, by a high, ttrong, round wall raifd with battlements, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148
SOURCE for Barak
« between the present villages of Maqsüd Begi and Amānābåd, the latter known anciently by the name of Barak. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 n. 1

R42-033 Commeshaw
R42-033 Commeshaw : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013096 coordinate: lat 32.0089 long 51.8668
NIMA/GNS names: Qomisheh , Qomsheh , Qowmsheh , Qumisheh , Shahreza , Shahriza , شهرضا , قمشه ,
VARIANT names: Canischa , Carmaça , Comashaw , Comche , Comicha , Comiffia , Comixan , Commeshaw , Comsce , Comushow , Komeshae , Kommehsja or Gomosja , Komminsja , Koomeshah , Kumeshah , Kumishah , Qomishah , Qumishah , Qumisheh ,
SOURCE for Canischa
« On the 18 ... Before night we got the hilly Countrey and set down in the village Canischa, where, by reason of bad Weather, we rested 3 days with the Caravan. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 328
SOURCE for Carmaça
« Fernão Gomes and party were well received by Bedijam Beça and departed his campo on the following Friday, ie, the Friday of June 22nd, accompanied by the said Bedijam Beça a league along the way, and Fernão Gomes de Lemos with company arrived at Carmaça (Qomishah), described in the codice of Ajuda as a place of one hundred inhabitants, with a very good fortress, and which in former times was a very rich and populous city, but by reason of rebellion had been largely destroyed by Xeque Ismael. » #3565 Smith, Ronald Bishop, The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970~p. 42
SOURCE for Comashaw
« 7 [February]. In the morning, about 7 a'clock sett out for Comashaw. In the way Mr. Welden rideing after an antolope fell down, horse and man, and hurt himself, but not dangerous. Came to our mansell about 12 at noon. Here is a good towne where may have all manner of catables. From Mayer to Comashaw is a fine garden, a Coffee house, fine tanke full of fish, some with gold rings in their noses. The place is called Shaw Rasay after a Persian saints name. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Comche
« Le vingt-sixième à trois heures après minuit, je commençai à marcher par une plaine fort sèche, mais qui se rend bonne à une lieue de Comché, assez grande ville où j'arrivai à onze heures du matin. Il y a plusieurs carvanseras, et pour n'être que de terre ils sont assez beaux. Cette ville est composée d'une suite de villages qui tiennent près de demi-lieue de long. [On the twenty-sixth, at three o'clock in the morning, I began walking across a very dry plain, which becomes passable a league from Comché, a fairly large town where I arrived at eleven o'clock in the morning. There are several caravansersas there, and for being made only of earth, they are quite beautiful. This town is made up of a series of villages that stretch for nearly half a league.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 294
SOURCE for Comicha
« Ma traite s'acheva à Comicha (1): c'est une villace qui est fort grande à la vérité, car elle a plus de trois milles de tour; mais qui ressemble jdIus à un village qu'à une ville.
fn. 1Hhamd-oûllah place dans la province de Fårs « Qomichah et Qoulendjan, qui faisoient autrefois partie de l'Tràq, et qui sont situés sur les confins de cette province, et sur ceux du Färsistan.Qoùlendjan est un château de terre, et a plusieurs cantons dans sa dépendance; il fait partie du gouvernement de Qòmichali. Le climat en est à peu près le même que celui d'Isspahan; l'eau y vient par des aquedues souterrain; le sol y produit du blé, des fruits, du raisin; les habitans ressemblent à ceux d'Isspahan pour le carac-tère et le physique: ils ont toujours été adonnés à la double passion pour l'un et l'autre sexe. » Nozahat al-Qoloub, pag. 169 et 170 du nº. 127 des manuscrits persans de la Bibliothèque Impériale.P. Della Valle place Comsu (Qòmichah) à cinq ou six licues de Mayar. Fryer (Travels, pag. 25g), dit que le nom de ce bourg signilie ami du roi; mais je doute de la justesse de cette ex-plication. La Relation de Silva Figueroa (pag. 173) s'accorde avec le texte du géographe persan, touciant les canaux ou aque ducs souterrains qui contribuent à la fertilité de Qòmichah. (L-s.) [My journey ended at Comicha (1): it is a very large village, indeed, for it is more than three miles around; but it resembles more a village than a town.fn. 1 Hamd-ullah places in the province of Fars « Qomicha and Qulenjan, which were formerly part of Traq, and which are located on the borders of this province, and on those of Faristan.Qulenjan is an earthen castle, and has several cantons within its dependence; it is part of the government of Qomichali. The climate is roughly the same as that of Isfahan; water comes there through underground aqueducts; the soil produces wheat, fruit, and grapes; The inhabitants resemble those of Isfahan in character and physique: they have always been given to a dual passion for both sexes." Nozahat al-Qoloub, pp. 169 and 170 of No. 127 of the Persian manuscripts of the Imperial Library.P. Della Valle places Comsu (Qomichah) five or six miles from Mayar. Fryer (Travels, p. 25g) says that the name of this town means "friend of the king"; but I doubt the accuracy of this explanation. Silva Figueroa's Relation (p. 173) agrees with the Persian geographer's text, referring to the underground canals or aqueducts that contribute to the fertility of Qomichah. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 197-8
SOURCE for Comiffia
« Den 23. paficerden wy door Comiffia, zynde een tamelyke groote plaats, en redelyk digt bebouwd. Zyn ed: wierd gedurig in eer Palankyn gedragen. [On the 23rd we passed through Comiffia, a fairly large place, and fairly densely built up. His ed: was always carried in honourable manner.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 260
SOURCE for Comixan
« 17 del dicho mes, y auiendose caminado seis leguas por camino llano y buena tierra, aunque sin arbol alguno, llegó á un buen lugar á que dauan nombre de çiudad, llamado Comixan, de quatrocien-tos ó quinientos veçinos. [On the 17th of the said month, and having traveled six leagues along a flat road and good land, although without any tree, he arrived at a good place that they called a city, called Comixan, with four hundred or five hundred neighbors.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 15
SOURCE for Commeshaw
« from Amno-baut we rode next day to Commeshaw, a Towne boafting in a thousand houſes and much Antiquitie. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148
SOURCE for Comsce
« e, camminate cinque o sei altre leghe, la mattina del lunedi, col sole già alto, ci fer-mammo a riposare in un caravanserai di una villa grossa che chiamano Comscè; [and, after walking five or six more leagues, on Monday morning, with the sun already high, we stopped to rest in a caravan of a large villa which they call Comscè;] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241
SOURCE for Comushow
The 13th daye we came to Comushow [Qumishah], a fine plesant towne lying on a playne environed wth rockes. Here is good store of water. This towne is the last towne of the Kinges. Here we picht, hauing traveled 6 lges. of a very good waye.
« The 13th daye we came to Comushow [Qumishah], a fine plesant towne lying on a playne environed wth rockes. Here is good store of water. This towne is the last towne of the Kinges. Here we picht, hauing traveled 6 lges. of a very good waye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74
SOURCE for Komeshae
« Our whole distance was six fursucks, according to report, which we rode in about seven hours, as it was full an hour past noon when we entered Komeshae. At the distance of a mile before we reached this place, we came on the ruins of a deserted village, where there were now only a few gardens artificially watered, several large pigeon towers like those at I"paban, and an extensive burying-ground. The principal object visible in this last, was a large tomb, crowned by a cupola rising from amidst trees, and standing at the foot of a rocky mountain, its sacred precincts being marked by an enclosing wall. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 242
SOURCE for Kommehsja or Gomosja
« den 23. gereist zur Stadt Kommehsja oder Gomosja (Qomescha -Schahresa) in 7 Stunden etwa 6 Farsach, [On the 23rd, I traveled to the city of Kommehsja or Gomosja (Qomescha - Shahresa) in 7 hours, about 6 farsachs. ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 87
SOURCE for Komminsja
« Nous nous remimes en chemin le wingt-huitième, fur les 3. heures du matin, et paffämes à côté d'un moulin à cau, fur une petite riviere, que nous traverfames deux fois fur de petits ponts de pierre, et arrivames fur les 10. heures du matin à un grand bourg, nommé Komminsja, rempli de jardins et de petites tours, qui fervent de colombiers. [We set off again on the eighth, at 3 o'clock in the morning, and passed by a watermill, on a small river, which we crossed twice on small stone bridges, and arrived at 10 o'clock in the morning at a large town, named Komminsja, full of gardens and small towers, which were full of dovecotes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 254
SOURCE for Koomeshah
« We fared no better the next evening at the small town of Koomeshah » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 345
SOURCE for Kumeshah
« Leaving Mayar, the road crosses a wide, barren plain, surrounded by hills, to a small caravansarai called Atyab Shah, where water is brought in kanats. From here to camp there is a sprink- ling of villages. The last 2 miles are over rough ground, and two bridged nalas are passed. Kumeshah is a considerable walled town with good water from kanats. Several small caravansarais and a telegraph station, situated a quarter of a mile from a precipitous range of hills to the left of the valley. Supplies of all kinds procurable. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187
« At Kumeshah, the last stage but one before reaching Isfahan, I happened on a hospitable inspector of telegraphs, who entertained me royally, and gave me news again of the outside world. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 276
SOURCE for Kumishah
« Soon after 2 P.M. we came in sight of the blue dome of an Imámzádé, situated in the precincts of the considerable town of Kumishah. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 222
SOURCE for Qomishah
SOURCE for Qumishah
« thence 6 to Qūmishah city; total from Isfahan to Qūmishah 14 leagues. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175-6
SOURCE for Qumisheh

R42-034 Moyeor
R42-034 Moyeor : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013217 coordinate: lat 32.27277 long 51.803605
NIMA/GNS names: Mahyar , مهیار ,
VARIANT names: Han Rus , Mahiar , Mahjar , Mahyar , Maiar , Majaart , Majaer , Majar , Mayar , Mayer , Mehiar , Moyeor , Moyore ,
SOURCE for Han Rus
« Han Ruš V D3 Mahyar. Iran. Etape entre Isbahān et Qūmisa sur la route de Širāz. Muq 457. Schw. 939. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 41
SOURCE for Mahiar
« ur les dix heures du matin j'arrivai à un autre gros village nommé Mahiar où on trouve un assez bon carvansera. [Around ten o'clock in the morning I arrived at another large village called Mahiar where there is a fairly good caravanserai.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 194
« Llegose un hora antes que fuese noche á otro lugar de la mesma vezindad que del de donde aquel dia se auia salido, llamado Mahiar, y aun que en él auia un buen carauasar, el Enbaxador y gran parte de sus criados se aposentaron conmodamente en las mejores casas de los vezinos. [An hour before nightfall, he arrived at another place in the same neighborhood as the one he had left that day, called Mahiar, and although there was a good caravanserai there, the Ambassador and a large part of his servants settled comfortably in the best houses of the neighbors.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 17
SOURCE for Mahjar
« den 22. absolviert in 6 Stunden bis zum Dorfe Mabjar (Mahyår) 5 Farsach. Wir brachen 1 Stunde vor Sonnenaufgang auf und kamen nach einer Stunde durch eine mit Gerüll bedekte Ebene Residenz eines Radaren (Rahdar, StraEenwart), wo eine Wegekreuzung war, einer ging rechts SW durchs Gebirge, der andre nach S war der unsrige. [We completed the 22nd in 6 hours to reach the village of Mabjar (Mahyår) 5 Farsach. We set off 1 hour before sunrise and after an hour passed through a scree-covered plain where the residence of a radarn (Rahdar, road warden) was located, at a crossroads. One road went right (southwest) through the mountains, the other to the south was ours.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 85-6
SOURCE for Mahyar
« thence 5 to [۱۸۰] the village of Mahyar on the frontier of Fars, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
SOURCE for Maiar
« Then we were up and off again, not along the road, but down a streamlet fringed with willows, until the dancing mirage in the distance hardened into mud huts and the grey caravanserai of Shah Abbas, and I rode into Maiar. There was no cha'par khaneh, so, meeting Saif, I left him to bring on the mules, and plodded another seven miles to a lonely little place on the plain, where carriages stopped to change horses. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 277
SOURCE for Majaart
« Ook paſſeerden wy. 't dorp Miſeralifa, alwaar men mede een goede Karrawanfera heeft, dog 't dorp zelf is kleen. Wy reden over een zeer gevaarlyken klippigen berg, genaamd Cotali Ortlini, en namen ons verblyf tot Majaart, dat een tamelyk groot dorp, en redelyk bebouwt is. [We also passed the village of Miſeralifa, which has a good Karrawanfera, though the village itself is small. We rode over a very dangerous, rocky mountain, called Cotali Ortlini, and took up residence at Majaart, which is a fairly large village and reasonably well-developed.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 259
SOURCE for Majaer
Le vingt-huitieme nous arrivámes au village de Majaer, où il y a un beau Caravanserai de pierre, bâti par le Roi Sulemoen, pere du Prince, qui regue aujourd'hui. On trouve en dedans, tout autour de la cour, de belles écuries, et le dehors de ce bâtiment reffemble plus à un Palais, qu'à une maifon publique pour Ies voyageurs. [On the eighth day we arrived at the village of Majaer, where there is a beautiful stone caravanserai, built by King Sulemoen, father of the Prince who reigns today. Inside, all around the courtyard, are fine stables, and the exterior of this building resembles a palace more than a public house for travelers.]
SOURCE for Majar
« I travell'd that day eight Leagues, to a Village called Majar, where I stayd all the next day, expecting a Carmelite Father, who had promis'd me his company. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 1
« I departed with the Caravan of the Honorable the East India Com|pany, from the Royal City Ispahan, having a sufficient number of Camels and Mules to carry our Provision and Baggage to Gammeron. The same day we travailed 8 Leagues and about 10 a Clock came to a village called Majar, where we took up our nights Lodging. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 328
SOURCE for Mayar
« From about 16 miles the valley widens to from 5 to 7 miles broad, and is open and flat for the rest of the march, narrowing again to about 1 mile towards Mayar, at 30 miles. This village is an irregular polygon, surrounded by high walls with loop-holed towers, now in ruins (Curzon), and is situated among gardens and cultivation, immediately under the steep, rocky range to the left of the valley. There is a small post-house outside the village, with a good well and a large masonry caravansarai, in dilapidated condition. Many of the houses are in ruins. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187
« Mayar (1) est un village gros de trois cents maisons, situé entre deux montagnes, s'étendant de l'une à l'autre, de sorte qu'il seroit impossible de ne passer pas par-dedans, quand on le vou-droit. Cette avantageuse situation me pourroitfn. 1 P. Della Valle, écrit Mehiar, et dit que ce nom signitic ami d'une grande. Ce mot peut en effet signifier ami d'un grand on d'une grande, si l'on prononce mehi yår, ou grand ami, si l'on prononce Meh yår. Les habitans de ce village étoient autrefois renonumés par la bonté des flèches qu'ils faconnoient. « Ce village dit Thévenot, est le commenceruent du pays de Fårs, qui, pro-prement, est la Perse. Voyage de M. Thevenot au Levant, etc., tout. IV, pag. 417, edit. in-12. Ambassade de Silva Figue-roa, pag. 336, 337. Voyages de P. Della Valle, toni. IV, pag. 302. (L-s.) [Mayar (1) is a village with three hundred houses, situated between two mountains, extending from one to the other, so that it would be impossible not to pass through them, even if one wanted to. This advantageous situation would allow mefn. 1 P. Della Valle, writes Mehiar, and says that this name means friend of a great one. This word can indeed mean friend of a great one or of a great one, if one pronounces mehi yår, or great friend, if one pronounces Meh yår. The inhabitants of this village were once renowned for the quality of the arrows they made. "This village, called Thévenot, is the beginning of the country of Fårs, which, properly speaking, is Persia. Voyage de M. Thévenot au Levant, etc., all. IV, p. 417, edit. in-12. Embassy of Silva Figue-roa, pag. 336, 337. Travels of P. Della Valle, toni. IV, p. 302. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 195-6
« We stopped for the first night in a ruined caravanserai in the village of Mayar » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 344
« we arrived about an hour and a half before sunset at the village of Mayar, which is esteemed nine fursucks from Ispahan, from whence we had been travelling ten good hours, at a quick walking pace. This village, which is seated in a narrow defile of the plain, between bare hills, is small, and almost totally ruined, there being now only a few gardens with their occupiers there. An excellent caravansera, of a more highly-finished kind than we had yet seen in the country, on the public road, is also abandoned, and going fast to decay; but as it offered us ti,e temporary shelter we required, we halted here for the night. OCT. 15th.-While we were preparing » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 241
SOURCE for Mayer
« Came to Mayer about 9 at night, being 8 Farsangs; good way except the Yerchan hills and that but small; an extroardiny caravensaroy, very [every] thing plenty, but no good water being a little brackis. Messrs. Wildon, Mr. Foulks and Peter Lillye in Company.6 [February]. Stayed at Mayer being snowey weather. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Mehiar
« La domenica, al-l'alba, dopo aver camminato la notte cinque o sei leghe, fa-cemmo posata in un caravanserai, presso la villa chiamata Mehiar, il nome della quale significa Amico del grande. Quivi císopraggiunse Ghulamali, corriero di Hormuz, maomettano, ma che serve i Portoghesi, [On Sunday, at dawn, after having walked five or six leagues during the night, we stopped in a caravanserai, near the village called Mehiar, whose name means Friend of the Great. There we were met by Ghulamali, a messenger from Hormuz, a Mohammedan, but who serves the Portuguese,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241
SOURCE for Moyeor
« Next day we got to Moyeor; agrandiz'd by a thousand families; but none of their houſes compare with their dove-houfes for neat and curious outfides: they have fome excuse for it; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150
SOURCE for Moyore
« October the 12th, 1628. The 12th daye being Sundaye about 6 of the clock in the afternoon we left Hispahone (being the famousest citie of all Parthia), and came to Moyore [Mehiar], a poore litle towne, haueing traveled 7 1ges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74

R42-035 Spahawnet
R42-035 Spahawnet : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013424 coordinate: lat 32.565837 long 51.750442
NIMA/GNS names: Esfahanak , اصفهانک ,
VARIANT names: Esfahanak , Isfahanak , Ispehanek , Spahanek , Spahawnet ,
SOURCE for Esfahanak
SOURCE for Isfahanak
« ISFAHANAK (LITTLE ISFAHAN)-LAT. LONG. ELEV. A village in the Isfahan district, 6 miles south of Isfahan. There are many villages, gardens, and cotton plantations round it, and in the vicinity in a ruined castle of the Gabrs. It is situated just at the foot of a range of hills which screen the view of Isfahan.-(Ouseley-Morier.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 438
« Isfahan to Yazdikhwāst. Isfahan in 3 leagues to the village of Isfahanak, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
SOURCE for Ispehanek
« Ayant fait charger, je marchai jusqu'à la pointe du jour, et arrivai à un lieu où se tiennent des radars ou gardes des chemins à une demi-lieue d'un gros village appelé Ispehanek, lequel il faut traverser. [Having loaded up, I walked until daybreak, and arrived at a place where radars or road guards are stationed half a league from a large village called Ispehanek, which must be crossed.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 294
SOURCE for Spahanek
« Lá, on prend à droite par de belles et grandes plaines, laissant à gauche un village nommé Spahanek, ou le petit Ispahan, à cause de sa grandeur qui est de plus d'un mille d'étendue. Il abonde en fruits et en grains; et l'on y voit les ruines d'un fort de terre, qui est à présent tout en pièces. [There, we turn right across beautiful and large plains, leaving on the left a village called Spahanek, or little Isfahan, because of its size, which is more than a mile in extent. It abounds in fruit and grain; and we see there the ruins of an earthen fort, which is now all in pieces.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 193
« arrivames fur les 7. heures au Caravanserai de Spahanek, à 3. licuës d'Ispahan, où nous paſſames la nuit [We arrived at 7 o'clock at the Spahanek Caravanserai, 3 leagues from Isfahan, where we spent the night] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 253
SOURCE for Spahawnet
« The tenth of Aprill wee fet out from Spahawnet a village fix miles South from Spahawn: when we had gone a farfang (three miles,) we were ſtayed by the way to taſte a banquet in a ſpacious garden of the Kings, whither the Engliſh Agent and ſuch other Chriftian Mechants as were in Spaharon came out to attend our Lord Ambaffador: a mile neerer the Citie, the Vifier, the Sultan of Spahawn, Meloyembeg and Hodge nazar the Armenian Prince with foure thousand horse and innumerable foot, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150

R42-036 Spahawn
R42-036 Spahawn : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Aspadana , Esfahan , Esfehan , Isfahan , اصفهان ,
VARIANT names: al-Yahudiyya , A-su-pau-han , Esfahan , Gabæ , Hispaham , Hispahan , Hispahone , Isbahan , Isfahan , Ispahan , Ispahaun , Ispahawne , I-ssi-fa-hang , Julfa , Sipahan , Spaan , Spahan , Spahaune , Spahawn , Spahone , Ya-ssi-pau-hien ,
SOURCE for al-Yahudiyya
« al-Yahūdiyya V D3 La ville actuelle d'Isfahan. Iran. Ce toponyme désigne en principe la moitié Ouest d'Isbahän, mais il est souvent employé pour dési-gner la capitale (qasaba) tandis qu'Isbahān désigne la circonscription (kūra). I 198, 199; Η 362; Hur 58; Y 274; R 90(g); Muq 7, 23, 26, 51, 388, 389, 397, 398, 399(d), 400, 401, 402, 457-58, 459, 491 ?. Yaq IV, 1045; LS 203-204; Schw. 586 + index. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 45
SOURCE for A-su-pau-han
« same as Ya-ssi-pau-hien in Amoy dialect » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12
SOURCE for Esfahan
SOURCE for Gabæ
#836 p. 13
SOURCE for Hispaham
« Prés huit heures de courſe nous aurivâmes ſur les dix heu res du matin à Hiſpaham. [After nearly eight hours of racing, we arrived at Hispaham around ten o'clock in the morning.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 p. 77
SOURCE for Hispahan
« And so we arrived at Hispahan. Hispahan is one of the greatest Cities in Persia, where the King sometimes keepeth his residencie. The people are industrious and curious in all Sciences, but especially in weaving Girdles and Shashes, in making of Velvets, Sattens, Dammasks, very good Ormuzines, and Persian Carpets of a wonderfull fine-nesse. Here you may buy all manner of Drugs, and Spices, and Turkeses, with store of Pearles, Diamonds, and Rubies, as also all sorts of Silkes, as well wrought, as raw. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 pp. 84-5
SOURCE for Hispahone
« This daye we came from Hispahone [Ispahan], being the last of Aprill, to Botoon [?J 1 som two leauges from the citye.
fn. 1 Not traced. Della Valle gives Bertabad in this neighbourhood. »
#3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 45
SOURCE for Isbahan
SOURCE for Isfahan
« Iṣfahān 4. » #3044 Kātib Çelebi ed: Gottfried Hagen and Robert Danko, An Ottoman Cosmography, Translation of Cihānnümā, Brill, Leiden, 2021 ~ pt. 2 p. 375
« and from the village of Sin it is 4 leagues to Isfahan city » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
« finally 4 leagues to Isfahan. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 167
« I felt almost inclined to question my eyes when I actually caught sight of the ruined fire-temple. The deserted shrine stands on the top of a hill which rises about seven hundred feet sharply above the plain at a distance of three or four miles from Isfahan. The ascent is by a winding path which starts from the southeastern slope of the elevation and proceeds by a series of natural steps formed by ledges of the unhewn rock. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 253
« Inside the shabby gateway the road to Julfa lies among rows of mean mud houses, heaps of ruins, and shabby provision bazars; and that mile or more of Isfahan was the one disagreeable part of the journey. » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 244
« The aggregate distance from Yezd to Isfahan I computed to be a hundred and seventy-seven miles. The course principally west, and the road good. » #3663 Travels in Beloochistan and Sinde; accompanied by a geographical and historical account of those countries, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1816 ~ p. 423
« je ne parlerai dans cette route que de mon dernier voyage, lorsque je partis d'Ispahan pour les Indes le vingt-quatrième de février 1665. [I will only speak in this passage of my last voyage, when I left Isfahan for India on the twenty-fourth of February 1665.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 294
SOURCE for Ispahan
« avoir fait trois lieuës dans des campagnes graffes et fertiles on arrive à Ifpahan. [Having traveled three leagues through rough and fertile countryside, one arrives at Ifpahan.] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 73
« Et de la a Ispahan اصفهان sans aucune ville dans l'intervalle, go milles. [And from there to Isfahan (اصفهان), with no town in between, 6 miles.] » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 2 p. 166
« At last we emerged from the bazaars into the fine spacious square called Meydán- i- Shah. On our right hand as we entered it was the 'Alí Kápí (Supreme Gate), which is the palace of the Zillu ' s -Sultán, the Prince Governor of Isfahan, of whom I have already spoken » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 196
« We were conducted through several streets, through the Maidan, and before the Kings Pa|lace, to that part of the Suburbs which is called Tzulifa, where we were lodg'd in the Quar|ter of the chiefest of the Armenian Merchants, who are Christians, and have their habitations there. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 197
« the 16. of Ianuary I left Ispa|han, with a retinue of three persons, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 1
« HAving stay'd the most part of 2 Days at Ruk, we set forward again, and on the 19 we came to the long-wishd-for Ispahan. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 313
« Reise von Isfahan nach Persepolis und Schinas anno 1683 in November [Journey from Isfahan to Persepolis and Schinas in November 1683] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 85
« je me résolus de me rendre à Ispahan, le plus tôt que je pourrois, et j'y arrivai le 2 juillet, fatigué et abattu autant qu'on le peut être. [I resolved to go to Isfahan as soon as I could, and I arrived there on July 2nd, as tired and dejected as one can be.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 91
« From Guz to Ispahan through cultivated plains. Road crossed by numerous streams of water » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 57
SOURCE for Ispahaun
« After we had received their Complements, they undertook to be both our Guide and Guard to Ispahaun, Three Miles farther, defending us against the unwary Insults of Thieves, with which this place is infested » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 239
SOURCE for Ispahawne
« The twenty fourth day, we entred into the City where wée staied eleuen or twelue daies.This City of Ispahawne, is a gallant City, and one of the principall Cities of Persia, and aboundeth in traffique of all sorts of Merchandize. There are ma|ny great Surroies, where are houses made of purpose for the laying in and kéeping of Merchants goods, and to harbour and lodge themselues and their Camels Horses or other Cattle, and prouision; the profits of which Surroies redound to the King only. » ##3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible report of an Englishman, that ..., Printed by William Hall, for Thomas Archer and Richard Redmer, London, 1612 ~ ~ p. 53
SOURCE for I-ssi-fa-hang
« name written in the Yaun period » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12
SOURCE for Julfa
« From Daulatabad to Julfa 22¾ miles. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 551
« #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ » #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ p. 170
SOURCE for Sipahan
« (2) The city of Isfahan (Sipahān) consisted of two parts, Shahristān (also called al-Madina and Djayy, evidently the seat of the governor) and Djahüdhān (Arabicised: al-Yahūdiyya, i.e. the old Jewish quarter). See Hudud al-'alam, 131; al-Istakhri 198-9; Yākūt, 343. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 9 p. 220
SOURCE for Spaan
« 3 The city of Spaan, Spahan, or Ispahan, by the Arabians called Isfahan, situated in the southern part of Persian Irak, is well known as the magnificent capital of the kings of the Sefi family, which, espe- cially during the reign of Shah Abbas II., exceeded in splendour, as well as extent, most Asiatic cities. It fell under the dominion of the Moghuls in 1221, and was taken, plundered, and nearly destroyed by Tamerlane in 1387. » #3318 ed. Thomas Wright trans. Marsden, The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian, The Translation of Marsden Revised, with a Selection of his Notes, H.G. Bohn, London, 1854 ~ p. 49 fn. 3
« We remained in this city of Spaan with His Majesty until the 25th of this month, during which time we were invited by His Majesty to frequent banquets. Spaan appears to be a very convenient city. It is situated in a plain abounding with all kinds of provisions. It is said that, as the city refused to surrender, much of it was destroyed after it had been taken. It is surrounded by a wall of earth like the others. From Tauris to Spaan is a twenty-four days' journey, through a country entirely belonging to Persia, consisting of a very arid plain with salt water in many places. » #383 Barbaro, J. and Contarini, A., Travels to Tana and Persia, Hakluyt Society:Burt Franklin, Cambridge:New York, 1873:1963-6, ~ p. 131
SOURCE for Spahan
« December 1.-I hired 125 Camells to carry mine and Mr. Robert Dowglasse's Bales, at Mahmoodies 80 for 100 Maunds Tauris, to Bagdat, and 13 mules to carry our luggage, at Mah-moodies 90 per 100 Maunds Tauris.¹December 13. This day I left Spahan, and began my journey towards Aleppo, by way of Bagdat. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 213
« La ville de SPAHAN autresfois appellée, comme veulent aucuns Hecatompyle, eft fort grande; mais elle n'a point de for-tereffe, ny aucun beau palais, elle n'a pas fi grande difette d'eau comme CASBIN, mais elle a auffi beaucoup plusbeſoin de bois. [The city of Spahan, formerly called, as some would have it, Hecatompyle, is very large; but it has no fortress, nor any beautiful palace, it does not have as large a water supply as Casbin, but it also has much more need of wood.] » #3614 unknown ed. M. Morisot, Relations veritables et curieuses de l'isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil. : Auec l'histoire de la derniere guerre faite au Bresil, entre les Portugais et les Hollandois. ; Trois relations d'Egypte, et vne du royaume de Perse, Chez Augustin Courbé, Paris, 1651 ~ p. 134
« siendo cosa increible el grande numero de estas naciones que en la ciudad de Spahan está rrecogido, no cabiendo en los muchos y grandes carauasares que en la giudad ay, por no tener casas propias en que biuir. [It is incredible how many of these nations are gathered in the city of Spahan, not fitting in the many large caravanserais in the city, because they have no houses of their own to live in.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 pp. 24-5
SOURCE for Spahaune
« 5 February 1707/8. Departed from Spahaune [Isfahan] the 5th February at 3 after-noon. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Spahawn
« One of the oldest and best accounts of Ispahan, soon after the period of Shah Abbas's government, is given by Sir Thomas Herbert, an English traveller, who visited it in 1627, and parts of whose description are so curious as to be worth transcribing, especially as his book is not now so easy of access to the general reader. He says:-'The imperial city of Spahawn is in thirty-two degrees thirty-nine minutes north; is seated in the kingdom of Parthia, in a fair plain and pleasant horizon. It is by some called Spaan, and by others Spahan and Hispahan, as their several dialects concorded. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ note p. 231
« ISFAHAN-Telegraph Station. In the Persian province of Irak-Ajim; pronounced "Spahawn." » #3181 Bradshaw's Through Route Overland Guide to India, and Colonial Handbook, W. J. Adams and sons, 1884 ~ p. 253
« The tenth of Aprill wee fet out from Spahawnet a village fix miles South from Spahawn: when we had gone a farfang (three miles,) we were ſtayed by the way to taſte a banquet in a ſpacious garden of the Kings, whither the Engliſh Agent and ſuch other Chriftian Mechants as were in Spaharon came out to attend our Lord Ambaffador: a mile neerer the Citie, the Vifier, the Sultan of Spahawn, Meloyembeg and Hodge nazar the Armenian Prince with foure thousand horse and innumerable foot, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150
SOURCE for Spahone
« The 27th daye we came to on of the Kinges garde[n]swch is wthin an English mile of the citie of Spahone [Ispahan], wher we rested this daye and layd in a muskeet [mosque] this night, weh is ouer against the garden gate. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67
SOURCE for Ya-ssi-pau-hien
#326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12

R42-020a Chilmanor
R42-020a Chilmanor : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3090313 coordinate: lat 29.9368 long 52.89
NIMA/GNS names: Persepolis , Takht-e Jamshid , Takht-i-Jamshid , تخت جمشید ,
VARIANT names: Cehil minar , Chelmenar , Chilmanor , Chilminara , Cilmynar , Parsa , Persai , Persepolis , Sat Setun , Takht-e Jamshid , Tschehil-Menar , Tzilminar ,
SOURCE for Cehil minar
« Or giunti noi, come io diceva, circa due ore dopo mezzogiorno alle maravigliose rovine di Cehil minar, sotto ad esse appunto, presso un rivo di acqua che non lontano ne corre, ci posammo e tendemmo il padiglione, a fine di trattenerci a vederle tutte bene e con co-modità, come si fece, parte la stessa sera al tardi, e parte la mat-tina seguente, e non partirne infino a tanto che avessimo ciò che vi era d'ogn'intorno molto ben ricercato ed osservato. [Now, having arrived, as I said, about two hours after midday at the marvellous ruins of Cehil Minar, just beneath them, near a stream of water that runs not far from it, we set down and pitched the pavilion, in order to stay and see them all well and comfortably, as we did, partly late that same evening, and partly the following morning, and not to leave until we had thoroughly researched and observed what was around them.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 247
SOURCE for Chelmenar
« The 23th daye I went to Chelmenar, that famous place of ancient memori, wher those heroicke princes of the eastern part of the world liued, as Cirus [Cyrus], Cambices [Cambyses], who was the founder of this famous building [and] diuers others, this Cambises, whom as the Percians do name him James Sheate [Jamshid]. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 76
SOURCE for Chilmanor
« what are they but Mammons eyes; this Chaos of gold, but refined clay. What Magick then to make Idolaters. For my part (by Gods help) I in-tend rather to admire the Anatomy of this glorious ruine, which Don Garzia de silva Figuros (Ambaffador Anno 1619 to Abbas from Philip the third) calls the only Monument of the world, without Impoſture; yea farre exceeding (fayes he) all other miracles in the The ribs or ruines of Persepolis are at this day call'd Chil-Manor or Che-hel-Manor (i.e. forty Towers) in the idiom of Perfia: and might more properly have faid Hashtot-Maner, or eighty Towers, for fo many are eafily told two yards out of the ground; and if from fo many pillars as are perfect and lofty, then may they lay Nowzda Manor or nineteene Towers, at this day no more ſtanding, one excepted at the Eaft below, above a bow fhot thence. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 144
SOURCE for Chilminara
« porque él queria llegar otro dia á Margascan, quatro leguas de aquella aldea, por ver las grandes y tan nonbradas ruinas de Chilminara [because he wanted to arrive another day at Margascan, four leagues from that village, to see the great and renowned ruins of Chilminara] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 369
SOURCE for Cilmynar
« Alla villa de Camara el se vede uno monte tondo el qual da uno lado mostra esser tagliato et fatto in una facia, alta circa 6. passa; in la summità dil monte è uno piano et atorno colonne .40. le quale se chiamano Cilmynar, 326) che vol dir in nostra lengua .40. colonne, ciascuna de le qual è longa braza .20., grossa quanto abracia 3. homeni; de le qual perho parte ne son ruinate; per quello si vedeva è stato zà un bello edificio. fn. 326. Cilmynar = Chihil Minar, che, come il Barbaro spiega correttamente, significa "Quaranta Colonne". Era il nome con cui in epoca passata si designavano le rovine di Persepoli, la cui origine era stata dimenticata da lungo tempo. Lo stesso Barbaro, come risulta chiaramente, non aveva nessuna idea di ciò che quei luoghi fossero in realtà, così che, al pari di molti altri viaggiatori, attribuisce loro un'origine ebraica, come è manifesto dai suoi riferimenti a Salomone e Sansone. Il merito di avere riscoperto le vera origine di Persepoli va attribuito ai Frati Carmelitani di Shiraz, che ivi si stabilirono nel 1616. Cfr. i Voyages célèbres et remarquables faits de Perse aux Indies Orientales par le Sr. JEAN-ALBERT DE MANDELSLO, Leyden, 1719, p. 5. (Lo.) [At the village of Camara one sees a round mountain which on one side appears to have been cut and made in one face, about 6 meters high; at the top of the mountain is a plain and around it are .40 columns which are called Cilmynar, 326) which in our language means .40 columns, each of which is .20 meters long, as thick as 3 human arms; of which however some are in ruins; from this it was seen that it was once a beautiful building. fn. 326. Cilmynar = Chihil Minar, which, as Barbaro correctly explains, means "Forty Columns". This was the name by which in times past the ruins of Persepolis were designated, the origin of which had long been forgotten. Barbaro himself, as is evident, had no idea what those places really were, so that, like many other travellers, he attributes to them a Jewish origin, as is manifest from his references to Solomon and Samson. The credit for having rediscovered the true origin of Persepolis must be ascribed to the Carmelite Friars of Shiraz, who settled there in 1616. Cfr. Voyages célèbres et remarquables faits de Perse aux Indies Orientales par le Sr. JEAN-ALBERT DE MANDELSLO, Leyden, 1719, p. 5. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 149
SOURCE for Parsa
« C4 [grid] | Persepolis / Parsa / Persai / Sat Setum [name] | CHRL / CH / CH / RL [period] | Schmidt 1957; Shahbazi 1977; RGTC Parsa [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94 Persis p. 1339
SOURCE for Persai
SOURCE for Persepolis
« We went from hence down to Persepolis, in a southerly direction, and crossed cultivated grounds and canals. In half an hour we passed over the stream of Polwar, which was now very low. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 268
« Les magnifiques ruines de Perfepolis, qui font encore aujourd'hui le fujet de notre Admiration, font felon toute Appa-rence des reftes d'un Temple ou d'un Palais royal, et celles là ne doivent pas tant leur Confervation à la quantité et à la grandeur de leurs piérres, qu'à la hauteur de leur fituation: [The magnificent ruins of Perfepolis, which still today are the subject of our admiration, in all appearance resemble the remains of a temple or a royal palace, and these owe their preservation not so much to the quantity and grandeur of their stones, as to the height of their location:] » #3642 Niebuhr, Carsten, Voyage en Arabie et en d'autres pays circonvoisins, vol. 2, S.J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1780 ~ vol. 2 p. 98
SOURCE for Sat Setun
SOURCE for Takht-e Jamshid
SOURCE for Tschehil-Menar
« den 3. und 4. Dez. Tschehil-Menar (Persepolis) besehen und die Reste etc. gemessen und abgezeichnet. [On December 3rd and 4th, we visited Tschehil-Menar (Persepolis) and measured and sketched the remains, etc.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 96
SOURCE for Tzilminar
« his last Village is very famous, for the Antiquities which are to be seen near it, and which obliged us, as they do all that travel that way, to make a particular Observation thereof. They are the ruines of an old Castle, which the Persians, call Tzilminar, that is to say, forty pillars from a word compounded of Tezehil, which signifies 40. and minar, a pillar or Tower; » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 2

R42-037 Reegue
R42-037 Reegue : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 6013537 coordinate: lat 32.9099 long 51.7671
NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad-e Rig , `Aliabad-e Rik , Kharabehha-ye `Aliabad , علی آباد ریگ , علی آباد ریک ,
VARIANT names: `Aliabad-e Rig , Reegue , Reig , Ric , Ruk ,
SOURCE for `Aliabad-e Rig
SOURCE for Reegue
« Our first nights journey was to Reegue (or Reig) an houres riding from Spahawne. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 163
SOURCE for Reig
« and next night we got to Reig, more than that it was one and twenty miles from Natan, not worth the memorizing: unlesse you will accept its di|stance from Spahawn, nine English miles or three farsangs. And from Cas|byn 260 or thereupon. And where I will give over a Diary, desiring no longer to defraud thy patience. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 215
SOURCE for Ric
« Notre marche du dix-huitieme, depuis quatre heures da foir jusqu'au Village nommé Ric fut de huit heures. Nous y reſtâmes tout le dix-neuviéme, le vingtiemenous en partimes à-deux heures aprés minuit. La plaine que nous travertimes eſt route ſemée de Villages. On trouve là en chemin faiſant je ne ſcay combien de petits ponts d'eſpace en eſpace ſur des capaux faits exprés pour arroufee-les terres. ... Prés huit heures de courſe nous aurivâmes ſur les dix heu res du matin à Hiſpaham. [Our march on the eighteenth, from four o'clock in the morning to the village called Ric, lasted eight hours. We remained there all of the nineteenth, and on the twentieth we left at two o'clock after midnight. The plain we crossed is dotted with villages. Along the way, one finds I don't know how many small bridges at intervals on caps made expressly to irrigate the land. ... After nearly eight hours of marching, we arrived at Hispaham around ten o'clock in the morning.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 pp. 75 and 77
SOURCE for Ruk
« and at night were fain to set down at Ruk a Village not far from Ispahan, by reason of the snow, remaining there also the most part of the next day. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 312

R42-038 Sardahan carravans-raw
R42-038 Sardahan carravans-raw : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: -3083896 coordinate: lat 33.298992 long 51.885303
NIMA/GNS names: Robat-e Shah `Abbasi , رباط شاه عباسی ,
VARIANT names: Caravanserai de Sardahan , Karavanserail Sardahan , Robat-e Shah `Abbasi , Sardaen caravanserai , Sardahan carravans-raw , Sardahan Shah Abbasi Caravanserai , Sardahone caravanserai , Serdehe Caravansera ,
SOURCE for Caravanserai de Sardahan
« dont il y en avoit quelques-unes couvertes de neige, et après une traite de 7. lieues nous parvin-mes au Caravanʃerai de Sardahan, [of which some were covered with snow, and after a journey of 7 leagues we reached the Caravanʃerai of Sardahan,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 184
SOURCE for Karavanserail Sardahan
« Karavanserail Sardahan (Abb. 12; 188) (106)Lage: 11 km südlich Robat-e Sangi und 14 km nordöst-lich Karavanserail Caharabad/Chaharabad, in +1990 m ü.N.N., am safavidischen Königsweg von Esfahan nach Fa-rahabad am Kaspischen Meer.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, sechs Stallabtei-lungen und vorgezogenem Portalbau, ohne Außentürme.Abmessungen: 53 x 53m Außenmaße (ohne Portalvor-sprung), 27,20 x 27,20 m Hofabmessungen. Höhe des Portal-baus 11 m (Abb. 189).Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel auf steinverkleidetem Podest.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Stark verfallen.Inschriften: vom Inschriftband über dem Eingang ver-schwunden.Datierung: Safavidisch, Anfang 17. Jahrhundert.fn 106 Siroux, Anciennes voies ..., 167 ff. - Querschnitt und Front sowie die Station wurden am 22. 2. 1984 vermessen. [Sardahan Caravanserai (Figs. 12; 188) (106)Location: 11 km south of Robat-e Sangi and 14 km northeast of the Chaharabad Caravanserai, at an elevation of 1990 m above sea level, on the Safavid royal road from Isfahan to Farabad on the Caspian Sea.Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, six stable compartments, and a projecting gatehouse, without external towers.Dimensions: 53 x 53 m external dimensions (excluding the gatehouse), 27.20 x 27.20 m courtyard dimensions. Height of the gatehouse: 11 m (Fig. 189).Building material: Fired bricks on a stone-clad platform.Structural features and condition: Severely dilapidated.Inscriptions: The inscription band above the entrance has disappeared.Dating: Safavid, early 17th century.fn 106 Siroux, Anciennes voies ..., 167 ff. - The cross-section, front, and station were surveyed on February 22, 1984.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 97
SOURCE for Robat-e Shah `Abbasi
SOURCE for Sardaen caravanserai
« Nous marchâmes le lendemain dix-septieme pendant douze Heures dans des montagnes tou-tes pleines de buiflons, ce que nous n'avions point encore ren-contré en Perle, et nous arriva. mes à un Caravanſerail nommé Sardaen. [We walked the next day, the seventeenth, for twelve hours in mountains all full of bushes, which we had not yet encountered in Perle, and we came to a caravanserai called Sardaen.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 p. 75
SOURCE for Sardahan carravans-raw
« Thence-forward we made (by reason of the intollerable heat) pale Cynthia and Arcturus our night guides, all day refreshing in the Car|ravans-raws, good resting places if gnats forbid it not. From Reigue we travell'd to Sardahan sixteene English miles » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 163
SOURCE for Sardahan Shah Abbasi Caravanserai
SOURCE for Sardahone caravanserai
« The 25th we cam at night to Sardahone, a caravanscrow lying vpon the top of a hill. Here we picht, haueing traveled 7 lges. The water here is not verie good. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67
SOURCE for Serdehe Caravansera
« The next day, we got five leagues further, and took up our lodging at night in a Caravansera, called Serdehe. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 285

R42-040 Towgebawt
R42-040 Towgebawt : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Tajabad , Tajabad , تاج آباد , مزرعه تاج آباد ,
VARIANT names: Tagebode , Tajabad , Tajur Abat , Towgebawt ,
SOURCE for Tagebode
« This daye we came to Tagebode [Tājābād], on of the Kinges howses, a very plesant place wth a very fayre garden abounding in all maner of fruit, wth very delicat tanckes (1). Here was great store of rose water made for the King. This garden did abound moste in roses of all sorte of any garden that ever I saw. This howse had all the wals wth gilt curiously and paynted wth pictures. Here we picht, hauing traveled 3 leauges. Here we layd vpon roses all night.
fn. 1 i.e., artificial pools or ponds. »
#3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Tajabad
SOURCE for Tajur Abat
« Primero de Junio llegó el Enbaxador á un caraua-sar y aldea de pocas casas, que se llamaua Tajur Abat, tres (3) leguas de camino, y aunque el carauasar era rrazonable se le tuuo posada para su persona y algu-nos criados en un hermosissimo jardin del rey, labrado y plantado de pocos años á esta parte, con una casa en él, que aunque pequeña, fue la mejor cosa que se uio en toda esta jornada, y de mayor curiosidad y lindeza; toda la planta de la casa no tendria en quadro más de veinte y çinco pasos, entrando en esta cantidad el grueso de las paredes, que eran de ladrillo cozido, bien fabricadas y fuertes. [On June 1st, the Ambassador arrived at a caravanserai and village of a few houses, called Tajur Abat, three (3) leagues away, and although the caravanserai was reasonable, lodging was provided for him and some servants in a very beautiful garden of the king, cultivated and planted in recent years, with a house in it, which, although small, was the best thing seen on this entire journey, and of greater curiosity and beauty; the whole floor plan of the house would not have been more than twenty-five paces in square, including the thickness of the walls, which were of baked brick, well made and strong.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 pp. 52-3
SOURCE for Towgebawt
« Next night to Towgebawt a house and garden of the Kings, for beauty add sweetnesse com|parable to any other in Parthya; the more observable, being seated in a barren cursed sandie soile, champaigne, and terrible to inhabit in. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 163

R42-041 Bawt : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Bad , Bad Rud , Nasran , باد رود ,
VARIANT names: Bad , Bad Rud , Bawt ,
SOURCE for Bad
« The Badrud district is the smallest district of Natanz, and occupies the most eastern part of the province, bounded in the east by the desert, and joining Ardistan on the south, and Kashan on the north. Its principal place is Bad, the Bawt of seventeenth-century travellers, which has a population of about fifteen hundred » #3375 Albert Houtum-Schindler, Eastern Persian Irak, 1897 ~ p. 105
SOURCE for Bad Rud
SOURCE for Bawt
« From Tawgebagh wee got next night to Bawt six farsangs or 18 miles distant, nothing memorable, save an old Castle in the way, which, by Cyn|thia's palenesse, we could hardly discover. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ pp. 163-4

R42-042 Obigarmy
R42-042 Obigarmy : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 10375842 coordinate: lat 34.0691 long 52.287
NIMA/GNS names: Garmab , گرماب ,
VARIANT names: Garmab , Obigarmy , Obygarm ,
SOURCE for Garmab
SOURCE for Obigarmy
« From Bawt wee got by break of day to Obigarmy, both of them houses of the Kings, who has at every twelve miles end a severall Lodge betwixt Spawhawn and the Caspian Sea like these, and wherein our Ambassadour had the honour to repose. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 164
SOURCE for Obygarm
« This daye we cam to Obygarm [Ab-i-garm], another of the Kinges howses, lying vpon the top of a hill in a very barren place, wher we picht, haueing traveled to leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46

R42-043 Suffedaw Carravans-raw
R42-043 Suffedaw Carravans-raw : place IRN (caravanserai)
VARIANT names: Karavanserail Sefid Ab , Sefidab Carvanseray , Suffedaw Carravans-raw ,
SOURCE for Karavanserail Sefid Ab
« Karavanserail Sefid Ab (Sefidab) (Taf. 24,2.3) (Abb. 12; 206) (111)Lage: Nahe einem safavidischen Schloß, 49 km östlich von Marendjab und 63 km südlich des Karavanserails Abba abad/Siahkuh (Ain-e Rashid) (Provinz Semnan) und etwa 45-50 km nördlich des safavidischen Schlosses Garmab (m Station) am safavidischen Königsweg von Esfahan nach F rahabad am Kaspischen Meer, in +985 m ü.N.N. Sefid Ah ist Kreuzungspunkt eines Ost-West-Weges von Seman über Sefid Ab nach Kashan mit dem safavidischen König weg. Das Schloß wird hier nicht weiter behandelt.Außer dem Karavanserail und dem safavidischen Schios ist eine Wasserleitung zu erwähnen, die das Wasser einer beim Karavanserail gelegenen Quelle zum Schloß führt. Neben dem Karavanserail befindet sich eine Station der iranischen Tierschutzbehörde (Abb. 206).Typ: Hofanlage mit dreiseitiger Bebauung und drei Iwa-nen, runden Ecktürmen und rechteckigen, tonnengewölbten Kammern.Abmessungen: 43,50 x 36 m Außenmaße (ohne Vor-sprünge), 28,50 x 25 m Hofabmessungen (Abb. 207), die Höhe der anstehenden Ruinen beträgt 2,20 m.Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk in Kalkmörtelverband. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zerstört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich zeitgleich mit dem safavidischen Schloßbau.fn 111 Sefidab wurde am 26. 9. 1978 vermessen. - W. Kleiss, AMI 13, 1980, 181 ff. [Sefid Ab Caravanserail (Plate 24.2.3) (Figs. 12; 206) (111)Location: Near a Safavid palace, 49 km east of Marenjab and 63 km south of the Abba abad/Siahkuh (Ain-e Rashid) Caravanserail (Semnan Province) and about 45–50 km north of the Safavid Garmab Palace (near the station) on the Safavid Royal Road from Isfahan to Frahabad on the Caspian Sea, at an elevation of 985 m above sea level. Sefid Ab is the intersection of an east-west route from Seman via Sefid Ab to Kashan with the Safavid Royal Road. The palace is not discussed further here. Sefid Ab is the intersection of an east-west route from Seman via Sefid Ab to Kashan and the Safavid Royal Road. Besides the caravanserai and the Safavid shios, a water conduit carries water from a spring located near the caravanserai to the palace. Next to the caravanserai is a station of the Iranian Animal Protection Agency (Fig. 206).Type: Courtyard complex with three-sided buildings and three iwans, round corner towers, and rectangular, barrel-vaulted chambers.Dimensions: 43.50 x 36 m external dimensions (excluding projections), 28.50 x 25 m courtyard dimensions (Fig. 207), the height of the remaining ruins is 2.20 m.Building material: Rubble masonry in lime mortar.Structural features and condition: Severely damaged.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Probably contemporaneous with the construction of the Safavid palace.fn 111 Sefidab was surveyed on September 26, 1978. - W. Kleiss, AMI 13, 1980, 181 ff.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 104
SOURCE for Sefidab Carvanseray
SOURCE for Suffedaw Carravans-raw
« #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638,~ » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 164

R42-044 Syacow Carravans-raw
R42-044 Syacow Carravans-raw : place IRN (caravanserai)
Supplement: karvansaraye lekab کاروانسرای لکاب
VARIANT names: Karavanserail Lakab , Karvansara-ye Lekab , Lekab Caravanserai , Siah-cuh caravanserai , Siocooh , Syacow Carravans-raw ,
SOURCE for Karavanserail Lakab
« Karavanserail Lakab (Taf. 26,1 und 26,2) (Abb. 7 und 144) (66), am Ostabhang des Siahkuh, an einem alten Weg von Semnan nach Kashan, östlich am Siahkuh vorbeiLage: 45 km östlich vom Karavanserail Abbasabad Siahkuh, in hügeligem Gelände und nur zu Fuß erreichbar.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, runden Eck-und Zwischentürmen und vorgezogenem Portal - mehr als Straßenposten, weniger zur Unterbringung von Reisenden zu werten.Abmessungen: 25,30 × 24,60 m Außenmaße (ohme Turmvorsprünge), 11,80 × 10,10 m Hofabmessungen und 8,40 m beziehungsweise 6,40 m Außenhöhe in abfallendem Gelände (Abb. 145).Baumaterial: Bruchsteine in Mörtelverband.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Der Bau ist im Innern wie an den Außenmauern stark ruinös.Inschriften: sind nicht bekannt. [ 842 Lakab Caravanserail (Plates 26.1 and 26.2) (Figs. 7 and 144) (66), on the eastern slope of Siahkuh, on an old road from Semnan to Kashan, passing east of Siahkuh.Location: 45 km east of Abbasabad Siahkuh Caravanserail, in hilly terrain and accessible only on foot.Type: Courtyard caravanserail with four iwans, round corner and intermediate towers, and a projecting entrance – more of a roadside post than a place to house travelers.Dimensions: 25.30 × 24.60 m external dimensions (excluding tower projections), 11.80 × 10.10 m courtyard dimensions, and 8.40 m and 6.40 m external heights on sloping terrain (Fig. 145). Building material: Rubble stones laid in mortar.Structural features and condition: The building is in a state of severe disrepair, both inside and on the exterior walls.Inscriptions: None known.] » #3473 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1997 Band 3:Teil 2: ~ p. 82
SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Lekab
SOURCE for Lekab Caravanserai
SOURCE for Siah-cuh caravanserai
« Il mercoldi, che fu l'ultimo di gennaio, camminate cinque o sei altre leghe fra monticelli, andammo ad alloggiar la sera in un caravanserai, che chiamano Siah-cuh, cioè Nero Monte; cosi detto in lingua persiana per un monte vicino, che nero apparisce di lontano. Il giorno in una conserva di acqua buona e dolce che trovammo per la strada, e presso a quella desinammo, facemmo provvi-sione per la sera empiendo i nostri otri, perchè nel caravanserai di Siah-cuh non se ne trova se pon salmastra; e però il re ha ordinato, e già ſa lavorare un altro caravanserai in quel luogo, distante alquanto dal primo, e presso a certa acqua buona, avendo gravemente punito l'architetto che fabbrica il primo ca-ravanserai, che è pur fatto da poco in quel luogo privo di acqua buona, potendo fare altrimenti, perchè quella spesa è buttata, e subito che sarà fornito il secondo caravanserai con l'acqua buona, il primo si abbandopera. [On Wednesday, the last day of January, after walking another five or six leagues among the hills, we went to lodge for the evening in a caravanserai called Siah-cuh, meaning Black Mountain; so called in Persian because of a nearby mountain that appears black from afar. That day, we filled our waterskins with fresh, good water that we found along the way, and had lunch near it. We stocked up for the evening by filling our waterskins, since there is no brackish water to be found in the caravanserai of Siah-cuh. and therefore the king has already ordered the construction of another caravanserai in that place, somewhat distant from the first, and near some good water, having severely punished the architect who built the first caravanserai, which was also recently built in that place without good water, being able to do otherwise, because that expense is wasted, and as soon as the second caravanserai is supplied with good water, the first will be abandoned.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 1 pp. 574-5
SOURCE for Siocooh
« This daye we cam to Siocooh [Siyahküh], a very fayre caravanserow, wher we picht, haueing traveled 8 leauges, and som part of the waye was ouer y salt desart. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46
SOURCE for Syacow Carravans-raw
« Our next nights lodging was at Syacow ten farsangs (or parassangs as Pliny calls them) thirty miles English, notable in her Carravans-raw, built from the ground of good free stone, white and polisht, and was the first building of that materiall I saw in eight hundred miles riding; a word of our last nights journey. The most part of the night we rode upon a causey broad enough for ten horse abreast, built by incredible labour and expence over a most dreadfull Desart, eeven and affoording a plaine Horizon of boggy loose ground, cover'd a top, a yards depth with pure salt, as white as snow; a miserable passage, for if either the wind force the salt abroad like dust, or that by any accident Horse or Camell mistake the way, the quaggy bogg upholds them not, but suffers them to sinck past all recoverie; a passage more feared, from some forlorne hopes that pillage passengers; God be blest, wee escaped this, but not another, little lesse formidable; for wee had no sooner past the salt Desart, but of necessity wee must climb over and about hills, so high and glomerating, as if Olympus had beene cut out into Dedalian labyrinths. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 164

R42-046 Gezz : place IRN
Supplement: identied in google maps cheshmeh gozan چشمه گزن
VARIANT names: Gaze , Gazvesh , Gezz ,
SOURCE for Gaze
This daye we came to Gaze [?], (1)weh is on of the Kinges howses, wher my lord was somthing sickly, hauing traveled ouer a very high steep hill, and soe picht here in a law valley, being 6 leauges.
fn. 1 Evidently Gaz, a fairly common name, but cannot be traced on odern map. Herbert gives Ghezz.
SOURCE for Gazvesh
SOURCE for Gezz
« Next night (Diana running cheerfully through her Zodiac) wee rode eighteene long miles to Gezz a pretty Lodge belonging to the King » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 165

R42-047 Halvary
R42-047 Halvary : place IRN
VARIANT names: Habla Rud , Hableh Rud , Halneroone , Halvary , Heblé-rud ,
SOURCE for Habla Rud
Habla Rud in « Map Teheran to Isfahan » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 between pp. 2 and 3
SOURCE for Hableh Rud
« Hableh Rud » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Tehran 428B 1962}
SOURCE for Halneroone
« This daye we came to Halneroone [Habla-rūd], a litle towne lying in a very narrow place betweene two hills. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges. This place doth abound in walnootes. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 47
SOURCE for Halvary
« Our next nights manzeil was at Halvary (eighteene miles from Gezz) a well built Towne it is, and pleasantly seated, the earth being mellowed by a sweet rivolet, that purls from the tops of Taurus, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 166
SOURCE for Heblé-rud
« Finalmente a mezzanotte avendo camminato otto leghe e più, arrivammo ad una villa chiamata Heble-rud, se pur nella or-tografia non errarono, non solo il mullà della medesima villa, ma poi anche altri qui nella città, che tutti d'accordo il suo nome così mi hanno scritto. ... e finalmente arrivammo di notte, dopo aver cam-minato quattro leghe, ad tuna villa chianiata Firuz-cuh, [Finally, at midnight, having traveled eight leagues or more, we arrived at a village called Heble-rud, unless the spelling was correct, not only by the mulla of the same village, but also by others here in the city, who all agreed that its name was written that way for me. ... And finally, at night, after having traveled four leagues, we arrived at a village called Firuz-cuh,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 1 pp. 581 and 586

R42-017 Pully-pot-ʃhaw
R42-017 Pully-pot-ʃhaw : place IRN
VARIANT names: Pasa bridge , Polfaffa , Polifassa bridge , Polifaſa bridge , Polifazza , pont de huit arches , Pool-i-Fassa , Pul-i-Fasa , Pul-i-Fassa , Pully-pot-ʃhaw , Pylli Pessa ,
SOURCE for Pasa bridge
« A tres leguas de camino se llegó al rio de Pasa, ... La puente que en este rio auia, que tiene elnonbre que el mesmo rio, era muy larga y por dondeapenas podria pasar un carro; [After three leagues of travel, we reached the Pasa River,... The bridge that stood on this river, which has the name of the river itself, was very long and over which a car could barely pass;] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 330
SOURCE for Polfaffa
« Nous partimes fur le foir,traverfämes une partie de la plaine,le pont de pierre de Polfaffa, en partie renverfé, fous lequel il n'y avoit point d'eau, à cauſe de la grande fechereffe [We left at dusk, and crossed part of the plain, and the stone bridge of Polfaffa, partly overturned, under which there was no water, because of the great flood. ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312
SOURCE for Polifassa bridge
« A quelque distance de la route est un village considérable ; alors le chemin devient beaucoup plus uni . Après trois heures de marche , nous traversons un pont de huit arches en pierre , sous lequel coule la rivière de Polifasså. Elle prend sa source dans les montagnes à droite , près du village de Pol- Perindji , à huit farsengs à l'O. S. O. de Chirâz , et va se perdre dans la vallée . [At some distance from the road is a considerable village; then the path becomes much smoother. After three hours of walking, we cross a bridge of eight stone arches, under which the Polifasså river flows. It takes its source in the mountains on the right, near the village of Pol-Perindji, eight farsengs to the W. S. W. of Chirâz, and will get lost in the valley.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 340-1
SOURCE for Polifaſa bridge
« Den 19. dito, na een weg van 4 mylen rydens, en het trekken over de brug Polifaſa, quam zyn Ed: aan de Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji. [On the 19th, after riding four miles and crossing the bridge Polifaſa, his Ed arrived at the Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
SOURCE for Polifazza
« Nous passons un pont sous lequel coule la rivière de Polifazza, et parcourons un chemin très-uni, [We pass a bridge under which flows the river Polifazza, and follow a very smooth path,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 68
SOURCE for pont de huit arches
[no place name given - description used for Route 81 stage 068. PBR]
« Nous rapprochant des collines, nous suivons un ruis- seau qui va se jeter dans la rivière de Polifazza. Nous traversons celle-ci sur un pont de huit arches, et sommes agréablement surpris par la vue de quelques champs bien cultivés. [Approaching the hills, we follow a stream that flows into the river Polifazza. We cross it on a bridge of eight arches, and are pleasantly surprised by the sight of some well-cultivated fields.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 466
SOURCE for Pool-i-Fassa
« At 10 miles, cross a sluggish, muddy river,flowing through a reedy swamp. It has an old stone bridge, called the"Pool-i-Fássá," with remains of causeway at either extremity. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 735
SOURCE for Pul-i-Fasa
« Pul-i-Fasa » in {map#1204 in #3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ fig. Map of the plain of Shiraz and distribution of place names on sealings found at Qasr-i Abu Nasr}
« The principal road to the southeast runs down the middle of the plain to Pul-i Fasa (the bridge of Fasa). This road, as suggestedby the name of the bridge, continues around the southern edge of Lake Maharlu to Fasa and Darabjird to the southeast. Another road leads south to Kavar and Firuzabad (Jur) and on to the coast at Siraf. The control points for roads entering the Shirazplain are thus at the Pul-i Fasa and at or near Shiraz itself. Qasr-i Abu Nasr might have been situated onan earlier version of the road running the length ofthe plain; it does not directly dominate major passes to the north (which are 4 to 6 kilometers away; cf.Upton 1973, 9). »#3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ pp. 14-15
« Leaving Shiraz, the traveller rode via the villages of Deh Ameris and Hasanabad, at one German from the city and crossed the ten-arched Pul-i Fasa bridge over the Qara Bagh river. The bridge was in need of repair, and was linked on both sides by a causeway, (77) at the left of which a lake was situated.
fn. 77 Valentijn, vol. V. p. 284 (Polisasa); Speelman, p. 84; (Poulisesa) Thevenot, vol. II, p. 127. The eight or ten-arched bridge is the Pul-i Fasa. There was also a karavansaray built by a rich Shirazi widow; de Silva y Figueroa, pp. 104, 351. »
#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75
SOURCE for Pul-i-Fassa
« Pul-i-Fassa » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1}
SOURCE for Pully-pot-ʃhaw
« next day to Pully-pot-ʃhaw (1) (leaving Bobbaw-hodgee on our left hand) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
SOURCE for Pylli Pessa
« Zunächst nach S+O durch die Dörfer Deh Ameris, Haßanâbâd, Pylli Pessá.[First to the S+E through the villages of Deh Ameris, Haßanâbâd, Pylli Pessá] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111

R42-019 Schiras
R42-019 Schiras : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Chimaz , Chiraz , Schiras , Shiraz , Siraz , شیراز ,
VARIANT names: Chiras , Chiraz , Chyraz , Giras , Giraz , Schiras , Sciras , Sciraz , Scyras , Sehiras , Shira-its-tsi-ish , Shirass , Shiraz , Siras , Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz , Širaz , Sjiraas , Sjiraas , Stadt Siraes , Syras , Xiras , Xiraz , Zjie-raes ,
SOURCE for Chiras
« dinge alle de omleggende vlekken hooren, en daarvan hij in Chiras aan den gouverneur reekeningh doen moet, [let all the destroyers hear the things, and he must give an account of them to the governor in Chiras,] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 74
« Le 17, j'arrivai à Chiras, foible et défait, [On the 17th, I arrived in Chiras, weak and defeated,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 90
« Je n'ai point voulu marquer par le compas la route que je tenois , jour par jour, d'Ispalian à Chiras, car c'est presque la même chose chaque jour ; [I did not want to mark with the compass the route I took, day by day, from Ispalian to Chiras, because it is almost the same thing every day;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 241
SOURCE for Chiraz
« ITINÉRAIRE DE CHIRAZ A SIRAF. De Chiraz à Kafra كفرة village 15 milles.?? » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 400
SOURCE for Chyraz
« Chyraz » in {map#1255 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / dressée par P. Lapie... ; gravée par Blondeau..., , 1810, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-10435}
« Chyraz » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, }
« Arrivé à la porte de Chyraz, un individu préposé à je ne sais quoi se jeta sur Alawerdi et le secoua avec violence; on lui demanda 2 krowns, je ne sais à quel titre. Alawerdi résista, mais le préposé s'empara du fusil qu'il portait en bandoulière. Je le laissai faire, bien persuadé que j'en obtiendrais raison. Je fus d'abord à la douane où je déposai mes effets qui furent culbutés,, Dieu sait comme! et me rendis ensuite chez le nabab où je retrouvai mon logement. [Arriving at the gate of Chyraz, an individual in charge of I don't know what threw himself on Alawerdi and shook him violently; he was asked for 2 krowns, I don't know for what reason. Alawerdi resisted, but the attendant grabbed the rifle he was carrying across his shoulder. I let him do it, fully convinced that I would get his way. I first went to customs where I deposited my belongings which were overturned, God knows how! and then went to the nawab where I found my accommodation.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 603
SOURCE for Giras
« GIRAS, cidade de - Shiraz, em 29° 38' lat. N. e 52° 31' long. E., na Pérsia. [P. Fernão Guerreiro - Relações Anais]. [GIRAS, city of - Shiraz, in 29° 38' lat. N. and 52° 31' long. E., in Persia. [P. Fernão Guerreiro - Annals].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. D-N p. 85
SOURCE for Giraz
« From there they will go to the city of Vargim, and from there to the city of Giraz » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 249
SOURCE for Schiras
« Le seizième de mars à huit heures du matin, je partis de Schiras, et après six heures de marche dans la plaine, qui cesse d'être fertile à une lieue de la ville, [On the sixteenth of March at eight o'clock in the morning, I left Schiras, and after six hours of walking in the plain, which ceases to be fertile a league from the town,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume par Jean-Babtiste Tavernier Marchand Francais, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 310
« J'arrivay à Schiras ſur les fix heures du ſoir ; [I arrived at Shiras around six o'clock in the evening;] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 656
« La Ville de Schiras, où nous arrivames enfin le 4 de Mars, n'eſt qu'à 1 mille de Tſchinar Raddar vers l'Eſt. Nous employames donc dixhuit jours, pour faire le Voyage d'Abuſchäbhr à Schiras, au lieu que fans cela, quelqu'un peut facilement faire ce Voyage en fix jours. La cauſe que nous étions fi longtems en chemin, n'étoit pas ſeulement le mauvais tems et le détour par Kormudſch, mais que la plus part des Marchandises de notre Kaffle, n'étoient chargées que fur des mauvais Anes, qui ne pouvoient faire que de petites journées. [The city of Shiras, where we finally arrived on March 4th, is only one mile east of Tſchinar Raddar.
It therefore took us eighteen days to make the journey from Abuſschäbhr to Shiras, whereas someone could easily make this journey in ten days. The reason we were so long on the road was not only the bad weather and the detour via Kormudſsh, but also that most of the goods in our wagon were loaded only onto poor donkeys, which could only travel for short periods.] » #3642 Niebuhr, Carsten, Voyage en Arabie et en d'autres pays circonvoisins, vol. 2, S.J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1780 ~ vol. 2 p. 91
SOURCE for Sciras
« . Egli, mentre facemmo dimora a Sciras, non volle che noi ſpendeſsimo, per non offender le leggi dell'oſpitalità; [While we were staying in Sciras, he did not want us to spend money so as not to offend the laws of hospitality; ] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p.263
SOURCE for Sciraz
« Fatta poi notte, di nuovo ci rimettemmo alla via; e il mercoledi, ventidue di giugno, camminate pian piano e molto adagio le due o tre sole leghe che restavano infin alla città di Sciraz, non prima dell'alba ci arrivamnto. [Then when night fell, we set off again; and on Wednesday, the twenty-second of June, you walked slowly and very slowly the only two or three leagues that remained until the city of Sciraz, arriving there not before dawn.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 362
« A due o tre ore di notte facemmo di nuovo levata, e dopo aver camminato tutto il resto della notte, il sabbato, sedici di ottobre, fatte le sci altre leghe che sole restavano a giorno chiaro, levato già il sole, arrivammo ai giardini di Sciraz, la qual città è situata pur in un bel piano circondato quasi d'ogn'intorno da monti, [At two or three o'clock in the morning we rose again, and after having walked all the rest of the night, on Saturday, the sixteenth of October, having skied the other leagues that were left in the light of day, the sun having already risen, we arrived at the gardens of Sciraz, which city is situated on a beautiful plain surrounded almost on all sides by mountains,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 265
SOURCE for Scyras
« Het Landt roudtom Scyras is seer buchtbaar; maar boven al in Wijngaarden/die den Wijn voastrengen / welke dosz geheel Perfien, en selfs daar bupten / voor den besten van de ge heele Werelt gehouden. werdt / zijnde noch geuriger/ krachti ger/en forter als de Canarie-Sck. [The Land of Scyras is very famous; but above all in Vineyards / that supply the Wine / which are entirely Perfian, and even there / held for the best in the entire World. was / being neither more fragrant / more powerful / and stronger than the Canarie-Sck.] » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p. 354
SOURCE for Sehiras
« Having view'd these Antiquities, which with those of Derbent, were all we met with in our Travels, I prosecuted my jour|ney the 28. of Ianuary, and got that day ten Leagues, to the City of Sehiras. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 2
SOURCE for Shira-its-tsi-ish
see source « Syras »
SOURCE for Shirass
« Dined here and went away for Shirass, being 5 farsangs, bad way up hills and down ; about the middle of the way in a fine plain is a good caravensaroy. Arrjved at Shirass at 8 at night. 21st [February], being Sunday. Went away for Bobbahodge. 9 farsangs good way . » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 41
SOURCE for Shiraz
« This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67
« 24th February, Khan-i-Zanyan, 3 farsakhs ; 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. 25th February, Shiraz, 8 farsakhs ; 5.30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Next morning early, we saddled our horses for Shiraz. We had thirty-two miles to march, and the road, winding among bare mountain-tops, proved less interesting than any stage since Burazjan. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 45
« next night pitching a farfangh ſhort of Shiraz; where we expected a ceremonious entrance » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
« Hastening on towards Shiráz, I met a line inspector on tour, Mr Jefferies, who informed the that there was a riot taking place in the capital of Fárs. Accordingly, with very brief visits to the stupendous monuments of Persepolis, which I fortunately was able to examine carefully five years later, marched rapidly on, and being warned to avoid the town, proceeded to the beautiful Telegraph Garden, where I was most hospitably received by Dr Scully, the entertainer of almost every European traveller in Persia. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 80-81
« and thence in 5 leagues to the city of Shiraz. Total: from Yazdi-khwāst to Shiraz 44 leagues, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176
« Further on, we passed the fine tomb of Shah Ameer Hamza, son of the Imaum Moosa; and crossing a bridge over the dry bed of a river, we entered Shiraz before dark. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 287
« Although the city is the capital of the historic province of Fars and by right of inheritance the successor to the glory of Persepolis, the claim which Shiraz can make to eminence by reason of antiquity is not comparable with that of either Hamadan or Rei in Media of old. The general location of the city, it is true, is probably an ancient one, as shown by the vestiges of Achsemenian and Sasanian ruins in the vicinity, » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 324
SOURCE for Siras
« The 24th daye about 12 a clok att night we did sett out of the citie of Siras, comonly called by the inhabitans Shiras, and traveling over theplayne, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p.78
« In our Stay here we had Opportunity to observe Siras, not only by Fame, but indeed to be, second to none, except the Royal City, in the whole Empire: » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 211
« Siras (Shirāz) for each carga half a mahmudi as in Lār » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321
SOURCE for Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz
« fn. 30. Bembo gives three spellings for Shiraz: "Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz." Persepolis is 80 km north of Shiraz. The plain to which Bembo refers is Marv Dasht, and he gives the name "Mircascun" to the town of Zargan. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 298
SOURCE for Širaz
« Širāz VI C4
Id Iran
Métropole (misr) de la province du Fāris et circonscription
IV 391 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 58
SOURCE for Sjiraas
« Den 11. dito na 2 mylen, aan de voor aan in Sjiraas gelegene Tsaarbag, daar van velen verwelkomt wierd. [The 11th ditto after 2 miles, at the front of Tsarbag located in Shiraas, where many were welcomed.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285
« Den 7. dito vertrokken wy van Sjiraas, hadden een goeden weg, en rondom ons veel dorpen. [On the 7th we left Shiraas, had a good road, and many villages around us.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263
« Den 6. dito wierd zyn. Ed: door eenige Armeniers bezogt, door hen met eenige tafel-vrugten beichonken, en 's namiddags door deneerſten ſchryver des Viziers verzogt, om op te zitten, weshalven zyn ed: na Sjiraas vertrok, [On the 6th his Ed: was visited by some Armenians, by whom he was refreshed with some table fruits, and in the afternoon he was requested by the chief scribe of the Vizier to sit on, wherefore his Ed: departed after Sjiraas,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274
SOURCE for Stadt Siraes
SOURCE for Syras
« Persia alla via di levante (A levante, ove prima si trova la città de Syras la quale) li..20., ha populo inumerabile, mercadanti assaissimi, perchè tutti i mercadanti che vengono da le parte di sopra, cioè da Ere, Sanmarcahanthe (299) e da li in suso (volendo vegnir per la via de la Persia) passano per Syras, (300) fn. 299. Sanmarcahanth Samarcanda, la principale città della Transoxiana. RUY GONZALES DE CLAVIJO, che Enrico III di Castiglia aveva inviato come ambasciatore a Timur nel 1405, ci ha lasciato una descrizione di Samarcanda quale era ai suoi tempi; cfr. la sua opera Embassy to Tamerlane, cit., pp. 285-290. (Lo.) fn. 300. Syras Shiraz. Contrariamente a quanto comunemente si crede, Shiraz è una città molto antica. Poco dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, G. Cameron scopri a Persepoli alcune tavolette in lingua elamita, recanti dettagli sulle paghe degli operai ivi impegnati nella costruzione del palazzo di Dario; su una di tali tavolette compare il nome di Shiraz, sotto la forma Shira-its-tsi-ish. Si ha così la prova che la città esisteva già nel periodo degli Achemenidi. In quel tempo, tuttavia, essa era messa in ombra da Persepoli. Sotto i Sasanidi Shiraz fu capitale dell'Ardashir Khurreh, uno dei cin- que distretti in cui era divisa la provincia del Färs. ... [Persia on the eastern road (To the east, where first is the city of Syras which) li..20., has an innumerable population, very many merchants, because all the merchants who come from the upper parts, that is from Ere, Sanmarcahanthe (299) and from there upwards (wanting to come by the road to Persia) pass through Syras, (300) fn. 299. Sanmarcahanth Samarkand, the principal city of Transoxiana. RUY GONZALES DE CLAVIJO, whom Henry III of Castile had sent as ambassador to Timur in 1405, has left us a description of Samarkand as it was in his time; cf. his work Embassy to Tamerlane, cit., pp. 285-290. (Lo.) fn. 300. Syras Shiraz. Contrary to popular belief, Shiraz is a very ancient city. Shortly after the Second World War, G. Cameron discovered in Persepolis some tablets in the Elamite language, containing details of the wages of the workers employed there in the construction of the palace of Darius; on one of these tablets the name of Shiraz appears, in the form Shira-its-tsi-ish. This is evidence that the city already existed in the period of the Achaemenids. At that time, however, it was overshadowed by Persepolis. Under the Sassanids Shiraz was the capital of Ardashir Khurreh, one of the five districts into which the province of Färs was divided. ...] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 142
SOURCE for Xiras
« A 24, vispera de Sancta Catalina martir, despues de auer enuiado delante muy de mañana el Enbaxador su rrecamara y todas las demas cargas, le vinieron á dar auiso como le querian ya salir á reçibir de Xiras, [On the 24th, the eve of Sancta Catalina martyr, after the Enbaxador had sent his chamber and all the other loads in front of him very early in the morning, they came to inform him how they wanted him and to leave to receive Xiras,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 332
« A 5 de Abril, en la tarde, salio el Enbaxador de Xiras, dexando algunos criados suyos con mas de çiento y çinquenta cargas de la pimienta que se lleuaua al rey de Persia, [On April 5th, in the afternoon, the Ambassador of Xiras left, leaving some of his servants with more than one hundred and fifty loads of pepper that he was taking to the King of Persia.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 367
SOURCE for Xiraz
« XIRAZ, cidade de - Shiraz, em 29° 38' lat. N. e 52° 31' long. E., na Pérsia. [João de Barros-Da Asia). [XIRAZ, city of - Shiraz, in 29° 38' lat. N. and 52° 31' long. E., in Persia. [João de Barros-From Asia).] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-Z p. 287
SOURCE for Zjie-raes
« arriv?mes à minuit au Caravanserai de Babbahad-jie, à 5. lieuës de Zjie-raes. [and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Babbahad-jie, 5 leagues from Zjie-raes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312

R42-011 Goyeme
R42-011 Goyeme : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Juwun , Juyom , Juyum , Zhoyum , جویم ,
VARIANT names: Djiouhoun , Djuyom , Djuyum , Goven , Goyeme , Goyreeome , Guin , Gujum , Guwaim Abi Ahmed , Guwaym Abu Ahmad , Guyom , Jiyum , Joyom , Juian or Juwun , Juium , Juwun , Juyam , Juyom ,
SOURCE for Djiouhoun
« Ces canaux servent à fertiliser les champs voisins du village de Djiouhoun, où nous arrivâmes à onze heures et demie. Sur la droite est une enceinte faite de terre et flanquée de tours. A côté sont les habitations des villageois, [These canals serve to fertilize the fields near the village of Djiouhoun, where we arrived at half past eleven. On the right is an enclosure made of earth and flanked by towers. Next to it are the villagers' dwellings,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 450
SOURCE for Djuyom
« Eine neuere Route führt heute von Benaru über Djuyom und Mansurabad nördlich des Kuh-e Alburs durch die Tang-e Kulin und Tang-e Khatiz nach Djahrom. Die einzigen Karavanserails auf dieser Strecke finden sich in Djuyom. Herbert scheint ein Karavanserail in Djuyom auf seiner Reise, die von Qotbabad direkt unter Umgehung von Djahrom nach Benaru führte, im Jahre 1627 benutzt zu ha- ben, da er zwischen „Guyom", dem heutigen Djuyom und „Cut-Bobbaw", dem heutigen Qotbabad, keine weiteren Karavanserails oder Etappenorte nennt. Es muß daher fraglich sein, ob Djuyom als Ort der safavidischen Bandar Abbas-Shiraz Strafße zu zählen ist oder schon zu einem Seitenzweig der Straße, wel- cher von Benaru über Djuyom nach Qotbabad oder auch nach Darab führte, gehörte. [A newer route today leads from Benaru via Djuyom and Mansurabad north of the Kuh-e Albur through the Tang-e Kulin and Tang-e Khatiz to Djahrom. The only caravanserails on this route are in Djuyom. Herbert seems to have used a caravanserail in Djuyom on his journey in 1627, which led from Qotbabad directly to Benaru, bypassing Djahrom, as he does not mention any other caravanserails or stopping places between "Guyom", today's Djuyom, and "Cut-Bobbaw", today's Qotbabad. It must therefore be questioned whether Djuyom should be counted as a place on the Safavid Bandar Abbas-Shiraz road or whether it was already part of a branch of the road that led from Benaru via Djuyom to Qotbabad or even to Darab.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 296
SOURCE for Djuyum
« Djūyum » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666
SOURCE for Goven
« we departed from Olous: and neere unto it is a very great Casal, called Goven, which hath Angour and Corma plentie. And this night we payed at our Baite upon every summe Pull: And at Goven endeth the Countrey of Lar. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461
[insufficient data but possible location.PBR]
SOURCE for Goyeme
« Next night we lay in Goyeme, bragging in a thousand rotten houſes » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 131
SOURCE for Goyreeome
« Then being fearefull that we should haue beene forst for to picht in the playne, weh would haue been as much as the life of some of my compani by reson of the couldnesse and ronesse [rawness] of the night, haueing traveled all night, the next morning 2 being the 2 daye we cam to Goyreeome [Juwun], where we were curteously entertayned by the callentar here, haueing traveled 8 1ges. or theraboutes this night. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 81
SOURCE for Guin
« And although these ignorant yet obstinate and ferocious people could have easily defended themselves against a much bigger army from their well-defended place, they furiously rushed forth onto a great plain that is on the road to Joyom, (52) a league from their fortress, to fight against Allāhverdi Khān, who had the advantage over them in numbers, quality of weapons, and soldiers. fn. 52 Loureiro et al. equate this toponym with present-day Qir in Qiorkārzin County, Fārs Province (Anotações e estudos, 51). However, while Qir may be a slightly better phonetic fit with the name Guin in the MS than Joyom, it is a worse geographical fit. Silva y Figueroa states below that this town is less than four leagues (approx. 20.6 km, or 12.8 mi) from Bonāruye, yet Qir is closer to 80 km (50 mi) away. Furthermore, the route from Bonāruye to Jahrom passes directly through Joyom, whereas a route from Bonāruye to Qir to Jahrom is circuitous, involving considerable backtracking. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 318
« The first City of this Province, according to Figueroa, is Guin, as also Benaru, with the Ruins of the Castle Gabriel, in the utmost Confines of the Kingdom of Lara; though both Places lie very near one another, in a great Plain. The City Guin is separated from the rest of Persia by high Mountains, over which you must travel to go to Jarum, and thence with the Caravans through the Desart. It is apparent that this City hath been built many Years, and Peopled by a Colony of Persians, because the Inhabitants areof a better Spirit, » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673~p. 6
SOURCE for Gujum
« Leaving Manjir, the itinerary went through the date villages of Gujum and Dschjuhum (behind which was Bahharru). From here, at two-and-a-half farsakhs, was the Qal'a Tizirg (Tesorg), which was in fact a ruin.(98)
fn. 98 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 116. The village of Dschjuhum is probably the same as the village of Ijehoen, through which the Ketelaar embassy passed, KA 1793, fol. 990b; Carmelites, loc. cit. (Jiyum-a good place, with a fort, a good road, and a water cistern). »
#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 77
SOURCE for Guwaim Abi Ahmed
« Den Gau bezeichnet Ibn Haukal als groß (14). Bei Mukaddasi heißt der Ort Guwaim Abi Ahmed (15). Es ist der Ort Juwun der neueren Karten zwischen Lar und Jahrum (16). Mukaddasi gliedert Guwaim dem Distrikte von Hasü an (17). Seine Schilderung lautet: Guwaim Abi Alhmed gehört zu den bedeutenden Städten (18);
fn. (15) Abū Ahmed war nach Ibn Haukal ein Führer der Gutsbesitzer Persiens und stammte ans Guwaim. (Über das Dorf Guwaim bei Širaz vgl. oben 8. 44 Anm. 3.)
fn. (16) Hoffmann S. 285 gibt noch folgende Namensformen: Guin (bei D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa), Gui (Poser), Djihoun (Dupré).
fn. (18) Wörtlich: "Matterstädten". [Ibn Haukal describes the Gau as large (14). Near Mukaddasi the place is called Guwaim Abi Ahmed (15). It is the location Juwun on the newer maps between Lar and Jahrum (16). Mukaddasi annexes Guwaim to the district of Hasü (17). His description is: Guwaim Abi Alhmed is one of the important cities (18);
fn. (15) According to Ibn Haukal, Abū Ahmed was a leader of the landowners of Persia and came from Guwaim. (About the village of Guwaim near Shiraz see above 8. 44 note 3.)
fn. (16) Hoffmann p. 285 also gives the following name forms: Guin (in D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa), Gui (Poser), Djihoun (Dupré).
fn. (18) Literally: “Matterstädten”.] »
#1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 102
SOURCE for Guwaym Abu Ahmad
« Guwaym Abū Ahmad VI C4
Gūyom à environ 30 km au SE de Gahrom Iran Cité de la circonscription de Darābagird I 107, H 268, Hur 46, Muq 30, 52, 423, 428, 454 Yag II, 164, LS 254-55, Schw 102-103, DKI 177-78 » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 50
SOURCE for Guyom
SOURCE for Jiyum
« Jiyum » in {map#1185 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I. Index Map, , , #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~}
« 16 JIYUM 12½ m.The road now runs N.- W. by N. over a level, cultivated, and 177 m. occasionally irrigated plain, covered with short grass, and no scrub. At 23 miles an irrigation cut is crossed, 2 feet wide, and 3 feet deep, running S.-W. from the hills north of Quyāmābād. At 8 miles a bridge is crossed over a similar channel. At 10 miles the road runs along an irrigation cut faced with masonry to the W. of the road, which is twice crossed at 12 miles by a stone bridge 6 yards long and 6 feet broad. At 12 miles the scattered village of Jiyüm 2 miles south of the Küh-i-Alburd is reached. Routes Nos. 3 and 25 connect here.Water. Plentiful.Fuel. Scarce.Fodder. Good grazing.Supplies.-Limited. »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 149
SOURCE for Joyom
SOURCE for Juian or Juwun
« At 18 miles cross a short but difficult pass, thence level road to Juwun, the centre of a group of hamlets. Inhabitants about 300, mainly artisans and traders, who supply the wants of nomad tribes in the neighbourhood. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59
SOURCE for Juium
« JUIUM-LAT. 28° 6' N.; LONG. 53° 46' E.The headquarters of a district subsidiary to, and forming part of, the domains of the Khan of Lar: now governed by Husain 'Ali Khan, son of Shaikh-us-Nizām Khān, brother of the Khan of Lar. It has about 50 houses, but a large area of cultivated ground is tilled by the inhabitants, and considerable supplies are available; water from irrigation cuts from Kūh-i-Bazan; fuel scarce. It is situated on the north edge of the Banam plain, Banam being plainly visible due south (not as on the map). To the north the steep foothills of Küh-i-Albard are 2 miles distant.Roads diverge in all directions across the plain, and to Banam, Jehram, and Darab.-(Wilson and Cruickshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 462
SOURCE for Juwun
« Juwun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz}
« 16 JUWUN 12½ m. The road now runs N.. W. by N. over a level, cultivated, annl 1891 m. occasionally irrigated plain, covered with short grass, and no scrub. At 24 miles an irrigation cut is crossed, 2 feet wide and 3 feet deep, running S.-W., from the hills north of Qawāmābād. At 8 miles a bridge is crossed over a similar channel. At 10 miles the road runs along an irrigation cut faced with masonry to the W. of the road, which is twice crossed at 12 miles by a stone bridge 6 yards long and 6. feet broad. At 124 miles the scattered village of Jüwün, 2 miles south of the Küh-i Alburd, is reached. Routes Nos. 2 (d) and 1 (j) connect here.Water. Plentiful.Fuel. Scarce.Fodder.-Good grazing.Supplies.-Limited.sodt of alum abala »#3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 174
« Juwun » in {map#1188 Map of Persia (in Six Sheets), T. H. Holdich Simla Drawing Office Survey of India, 1902, Geographicus, New York fig. }
SOURCE for Juyam
« MOGU BAY to SHIRAZ 10. JUYAM | 18 | 183 Six hours. The road is over the open country generally. Water obtained from wells. Camp in an open desert. A few supplies procurable. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 388
SOURCE for Juyom
« [fol. 215r] Joyom is the first city of Persia proper [on this journey], while Bonāruye, with its old fortress of Gabril, is the last of the cities of the kingdom of Fārs, even though the two are quite close to each other on this vast plain that has already been described. Joyom is separated from the rest of Persia by towering mountains (55) to the north-west as one journeys to Jahrom, as well as to the east or orient, which are crossed by the road that the caravans take through the desert.
fn. 55 Probably the Zagros range; see Fisher, “Physical Geography,” 27. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 320

R42-012 Cut-bobbo
R42-012 Cut-bobbo : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Kowtbabad , Qotbabad , Qutbabad , قطب آباد ,
VARIANT names: Cut-bobbo , Ikhwanabad , Khob-Abad , Kutbabad , Qutbabad ,
SOURCE for Cut-bobbo
« The next (the two and twenty of February) by the way we had fome ſport in diflod ging a wild Bore, but neither ſhot nor dogs reaching him we made Cut-bobbo our manzeil; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132
« That night we made Cut-bobbaw [Qutbābād] our manzeel; » #3211 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 66
SOURCE for Ikhwanabad
« Il était lié avec les shaikhs Khunji de Lar dont il vient d'être fait mention, (100) Un des soufis sunnites les plus influents en Färs à la veille de la conquête safavide, Qutb al-Din Muhammad b. Muhyi al-Din Kush- knāri, dit Qutb-i Muhyi, fonda à proximité de Jahrum une communauté qu'il appela Ikhwānābād. (101) C'est le Qutbābād actuel, à trois lieues au nord de Jahrum, au carrefour des routes de Shiraz, de Fasā et de Lär. fn. 100 Sakhawi, op. cit., VIII, no. 17, p. 37-38 (où il est dit qu'avant d'aller à Jahrum il séjourna à "Bar"; faute d'impression pour Lår? ou Bar/Bal pour Fal ?), et cf. VI, p. 306. fn. 101 Cf. un extrait de sa correspondance dans Yad-dāsht-hay-i Qazwini VI (Téhéran 1341 s.), p. 156. Voir la notice de Lāri, Mir'at al-adwär, ms. B. N. Paris, Suppl. persan 169, fol. 245a.[He was linked with the Khunji shaikhs of Lar who have just been mentioned, (100) One of the most influential Sunni Sufis in Färs on the eve of the Safavid conquest, Qutb al-Din Muhammad b. Muhyi al-Din Kushknāri, known as Qutb-i Muhyi, founded a community near Jahrum which he called Ikhwānābād. (101) This is the current Qutbābād, three leagues north of Jahrum, at the crossroads of the roads of Shiraz, Fasā and Lär. fn. 100 Sakhawi, op. cit., VIII, no. 17, p. 37-38 (where it is said that before going to Jahrum he stayed at "Bar"; misprint for Lår? or Bar/Bal for Fal?), and cf. VI, p. 306. fn. 101 Cf. an extract from his correspondence in Yad-dāsht-hay-i Qazwini VI (Tehran 1341 ff.), p. 156. See the notice of Lāri, Mir'at al-adwär, ms. B. N. Paris, Suppl. Persian 169, fol. 245a.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 33
SOURCE for Khob-Abad
« A une lieue de la jonction des deux rou- tes, nous apercevons le village de Khob-Abad. Le chemin est uni et bordé de champs plantés de tembeki. [A league from the junction of the two roads, we see the village of Khob-Abad. The path is level and bordered by fields planted with tembeki.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456
SOURCE for Kutbabad
« Kutbābād » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666
SOURCE for Qutbabad
« At 1 mile track bifurcates, north to Khafr, south to Haidarābād; take south track. At 2 miles track bifurcates again just west of Jumgun; many gardens and excellent water from qanāts. One track goes to Khafr, the S. one to Haidarābād. Take latter, and reach last named at 3 miles, walled village: water from ganāt. Track here bifurcates north to Qutbābād, S. to Bab Arab and Deh Zir; take S. track. At 10 miles date groves of Bab' Arab and Deh Zir at foot tail of Küh-i-Fasā are visible. Bāb' Arab bears S.-E., Deh Zir E. At this point track diverges direct to Deh Zir, reached at 16 miles. Ab-i- Fasā dry in summer and always fordable, crossed at 12 miles. At 14 miles pass water (brackish) and cultivation. At 16 miles walled village of Deh Zir, walled gardens. Kalantar Muhammd
Hussain Khan, of bad reputati » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 136

R42-013 Mohack
R42-013 Mohack : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Mokhak , Mukhak , موخک ,
VARIANT names: Mokhak ,
SOURCE for Mokhak

R42-011b Deſart
R42-011b Deſart : place IRN
VARIANT names: Deſart (Herbert) ,
SOURCE for Deſart (Herbert)
« Next day wee queſted in ſearch of our Carravan, and with much trouble recovered it: that night alſo pitching in the Deſart, were welcom'd by fuch a fudden ftorm of rain, thunder, and lightning, as made our cheare more wretched, imprifoning us alſo in our Tents. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132

R42-018 halt before Shiraz
R42-018 halt before Shiraz : place IRN
VARIANT names: halt before Shiraz (Herbert) ,
POSSIBLE LOCATION of halt before Shiraz (Herbert) AT Ujvali lat 29.559327 long 52.588477 [],
SOURCE for halt before Shiraz (Herbert)
« next night pitching a farfangh ſhort of Shiraz; where we expected a ceremonious entrance: » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132

R42-020 Mardash al. Margatan
R42-020 Mardash al. Margatan : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Marvdasht , مرودشت ,
VARIANT names: Mardasch , Mardasch , Margascan , Marvdasht , Merdast , Mervdasht ,
SOURCE for Mardasch
« The next day we set forward on our Journey and travailing a good pace, came pretty early into the village Mardasch, where we resolved to rest a little being almost wearied out with the badness of the Way and Weather. The next morning I took a turn without Town on Horse-back, with one of our Company; where having rode about 2 Miles to the Eastward from the Town, we descried a huge fair Pile of Building, » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 331
« The 26. I got five Leagues to the Village of Siwan; The 27. six Leagues to Mardasch. This last Village is very famous, for the Antiquities which are to be seen near it, and which obliged us, as they do all that travel that way, to make a particular Observation thereof. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ Mandelslo pt. 2 p. 2
SOURCE for Margascan
« porque él queria llegar otro dia á Margascan, quatro leguas de aquella aldea, por ver las grandes y tan nonbradas ruinas de Chilminara [because he wanted to arrive another day at Margascan, four leagues from that village, to see the great and renowned ruins of Chilminara] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 369
SOURCE for Marvdasht
« Neere Chilmanor is Mardafb (corruptly by the Spaniard cald Margatean) a Towne of two hundred houſes, the people fo fuperftitious that fuch houfes as we came in they perfumd and ayr'd (fome were happily fired) for that we were not Muffulmen. From this place to Sheraz are ten farfangs; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147
SOURCE for Merdast
« Mon guide me conduifit vers le foir à Merdaft, un mauvais Village à une Heue de ces ruines vers le fud. [My guide led me to the village of Merdaft, a small village about an hour from these ruins. ] » #3642 Niebuhr, Carsten, Voyage en Arabie et en d'autres pays circonvoisins, vol. 2, S.J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1780 ~ vol. 2 p. 98
SOURCE for Mervdasht
« To reach Persepolis, we strike southward toward the Plain of Mervdasht. The road runs at first through a mountain gorge, picturesque in wild scenery, but dangerous at night because of its rugged track and robbers. The river Polvar, the classic Medus, pushes its way with turbulent stream through the craggy defile. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 295

R42-021 Moy-Own
R42-021 Moy-Own : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Mahian , Mahin , Ma'in , Ma'ini , Qal`eh Now-e Ma'in , مائین ,
VARIANT names: Mahin , Maiiu , Maijm , Ma'in , Maiyan , Majien , Mayin , Mayn , Moyeeme , Moy-Own ,
SOURCE for Mahin
« Aquella noche dio orden el Enbaxador para que la caravana con la mayor parte de sus criados se fuesen camino derecho á Mahin, [That night the Ambassador gave orders for the caravan, with most of his servants, to go straight to Mahin.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 pp. 368-9
« mayormente de nogales, de manera que parecia un muy espeso bosque. Auia en este lugar, demas de los naturales vezinos suyos, una gran colonia de çircassos que dos años antes el rey de Persia, [At nine o'clock in the morning they arrived at Mahin, after having crossed a small river full of groves and which carried very clear and cold water; Mahin is an open place of five or six hundred houses, all of them among many gardens and orchards with large groves,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 8
SOURCE for Maiiu
Dopo di questo si andò tre o quattro altre leghe sempre per valloni stretti tra montagne; ed alfine, avendo camminato in tutto sei o sette leghe, il lunedi, passato mezzogiorno di un pezzo, arrivammo ad una villa grossa, chiamata Maiiu, dove abitano [After this we went on for three or four more leagues, always through narrow valleys between mountains; and finally, having walked in all six or seven leagues, on Monday, well past midday, we arrived at a large village, called Maiiu, where they live.]
SOURCE for Maijm
« wherefore we were forced to march Twenty Miles farther, to Maijm (1), before either we or our Cattel baited; fn 1 Mayin, the Moyoun of Herbert (147). It lies N. W. of Persepolis. "Three days journey from Schiras you pass the Mountain of Mayen, a little City where there is nothing worthy observation" (Tavernier, 66). "Turning to the west from Persepolis, we passed along the left bank of the Bandamir for about 25 miles. Our route then entered a valley in the hills which had hitherto bounded the plains on the right, and following the valley almost to its source, past the villages Maiyin and Imāmzādah Ismail, led us to a very steep and stony pass, from the summit of which we again descended (but in a less degree) to the dreary Maiyin with its long row of trees and gardens" (Goldsmid, 193 f.). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 228
SOURCE for Ma'in
SOURCE for Maiyan
« 3. MAIYÁN Leave Chambúraki at first in E. direction for about 3 miles. Reach bridge over the Kur or Band i-Amir; here a very fair stream. Then turn due W. Road lies along the base of bare cliffs, till the range they belong to is turned on entering the small side valley of Maiyán. This turning of the range must occur at about 15 miles from Aiyub by the road, but there is a shorter cut, a bridle path, a little more direct to about the place where the stream from Maiyán, which joins the Kur, turns the hill. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 479
SOURCE for Majien
« Le bourg de Majien, où nous étions, cit affez grand et rempli de jardins fruitiers, et de vignes, dont il y en a de fauvages fur les montagnes. Le pais qui eft entre deux eft fort agreable et bien arrofé par un canal, qui paffe au travers du village. [The village of Majien, where we were, is quite large and full of fruit gardens and vineyards, some of which are wild in the mountains. The land between them is very pleasant and well watered by a canal which runs through the village.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 258
SOURCE for Mayin
« to the town of Mäyin, and all the roads leading to Mayin are very stony. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176
SOURCE for Mayn
« Mayn est un gros bourg de trois cents maisons. C'a élë autrefois une grosse ville, et il en a encore le titre dans les gëographies persanes. [Mayn is a large village of three hundred houses. It was once a large city, and it still bears the title in Persian geographies. ] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 231
« Je marchay quelque temps entre de hauts et rudes rochers, aprés quoy je trouvay une petite riviere qui court juſques à Mayn petite ville où je logeay dans un beau Carvanfera. [I walked for some time among high and rugged rocks, after which I found a small river that runs to Mayn, a small town where I stayed in a beautiful Carvanfera.] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 655
SOURCE for Moyeeme
« This night we came to Moyeeme [Main], being 6 lges. of stonie and craggi waye, hauing a great hill for to passe over between Yeioone and Imomismoile (2)2 [Imamzada Isma'il]. Here we picht in the Calantars howse, haueing this daye traveled 10 lges. Here is good water.
fn. 2Sir William Foster gives the Imamzac.la Isma'Il as being 11½ miles north of MaIn. The tomb is said to be that of a son of the Imam Musa al-Kazim »
#3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75
SOURCE for Moy-Own
« After two dayes ſtay in view of old Persepolis, the eight and twentieth day we took horfe, and that night rid foure and twentie miles to a Town cald Moy-own; in midway twixt which two Townes, we noted a high im-pregnable mount, at whoſe top, ftood defperately a Cattle ſo fortified by Narure and induftrie, as may be thought impregnable. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147

R42-022 O-jone : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Kannas , Kannas-e Sofla , Kenas-e Pa'in , Kenas-e Sofla , Ujan , کناس سفلی ,
VARIANT names: Oedjan , Oesjoen , Ojoan , O-jone , Ondgiom , Oojan , Oudjan , Ugian , Ujan , Ujon , Vgion , Yeioone ,
SOURCE for Oedjan
« Den 29. dito zyn wy tot Oedjan gekomen. Daar is een kappelletje met een koepel-Torenje daar boven, WART in bloot ftaat een house kift, daar Imam Sada, een van hunne Heiligen, in legt, ftaande in een vermakelyke thuin, en aynde een redelyk gebouw. [On the 29th we arrived in Oedjan. There was a small chapel with a domed tower above it. A house of wood stood in the open, where Imam Sada, one of their saints, resided. It stood in a pleasant garden and was a reasonable building.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 261
SOURCE for Oesjoen
« Nous y reftames juſques à mi-nuit, et arrivames le troisième au bourg d'Oesjøen, où il y a aufli un Caravanserai de pierre, à côté du-quel il paffe un canal. [We stayed there until midnight, and arrived on the third day at the town of Oesjøen, where there is also a stone caravanserai, next to which a canal passes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 256
SOURCE for Ojoan
« At Noon-day we overcame an high Mountain after a troublesome Luctation, this delivering us to another Golden Plain of Ojoan (1), gilded over with Ripe Wheat, being no more than Five Miles from Maijm. fn 1 O-Jone of Herbert (147), Ujan in Curzon's map: "The place where Bahram Gur, the sporting Sassanian monarch, lost his life in a quicksand while pursuing the wild ass, from which he was named" (Curzon, ii, 68). For this incident, see Rawlinson, Seventh Oriental Monarchy, 298 f. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 229
SOURCE for O-jone
« Next night we lodgd (flept I cannot fay) in o-jone, a village of thirty Families, all of them Prophets or Prophets children. We ever found leaft profit, where Prophets dwelt, no wine nor grapes allowd to grow amongst them; not that wine is bad, but out of a Tradition they have, that it is the blood of thoſe Gyants that warr'd against the Gods. Next day we rode over moft craggy, steep, and terrible high hills, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147
SOURCE for Ondgiom
« Le quatrième eſtant parti au jour je marchay le long d'une plaine que Cha-Abas I. du nom avoit donné à cultiver aux Georgiens, et fur les onze heures j'arrivay à Ondgiom bon village fur une riviere qui paffle ſous un beau pont de pierre. Le Carvanſera eſtoit ſi ſale que je fus contraint de coucher dehors. [The fourth one, having set out at daybreak, I marched along a plain that Cha-Abas I had given to the Georgians to cultivate, and at eleven o'clock I arrived at Ondgiom, a good village on a river that flows under a beautiful stone bridge. The carvansera was so filthy that I was forced to sleep outside.] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 655
SOURCE for Oojan
« Nothing worthy of remark occurred, till ,ye reached the valley of Oojan, in which, at a small village of the same name, it was intended we should halt for the night. This valley is an extensive grazing, ,vhere the Prince occasionally sends his brood mares and their produce; and where there are no villages, besides the one in question ; which formerly was situated close to the road, near a ruined caravanserai, the common,halting place of travellers. » #1864 Fraser, J. B., A Narrative of a Journey into Khorasan in the years 1821 and 1822, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, London, 1825, ~ p. 113
SOURCE for Oudjan
« Le quatrième, étant parti au jour, je marchai le long d'une plaine que Cha-Abas premier du nom avait donné à cultiver aux Géorgiens, et sur les onze heures j'arrivai à Oudjan, bon village sur une rivière [The fourth, having set off at daybreak, I walked along a plain that Cha-Abas the first of that name had given to the Georgians to cultivate, and around eleven o'clock I arrived at Oudjan, a good village on a river ] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 295
SOURCE for Ugian
« Erano intorno a tre ore di notte quando noi partimmo, e la domenica del dieci di ottobre con poco cammino di solo quattro leghe, la mattina all' alba, arrivammo a riposare nel caravanserai, cominciato a fab-bricare, ma non finito, di una villa chiamata Ugian, le rendite della quale sono dedicate alla sepoltura che ivi è di tin principe de'tempi addietro della casa reale, detto per nome sultah Seid Ahmed, che passando una volta di là, per caso vi mori, e fa sepolto in quel luogo [It was about three o'clock at night when we set out, and on Sunday the tenth of October, after a short journey of only four leagues, at dawn in the morning, we arrived to rest in the caravanserai, begun to build, but not finished, of a villa called Ugian, the revenues of which are dedicated to the burial that is there of a prince of former times of the royal house, called by name Sultan Seid Ahmed, who once passing that way, by chance died there, and is buried in that place.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 243
SOURCE for Ujan
SOURCE for Ujon
« Le 10, je partis de Haspas, et après quatre lieues de chemin, que je ne fis qu'en six heures, quoique j'allasse bon train, et que le chemin fùt plein et uni, j'arrivai à Ujon (1), village de cinquante maisons, situé sur le bord d'une rivière, qui est fort grosse et fort rapide durant l'hiver, et dangereuse à passer à cause des inon-dations qu'elle fait de tous côtés. On voit au bout méridional une petite mosquée carrée, avec des jardins à l'entour, dans laquelle est le tombeau de Sultan Sahied Ahmedfn. 1 Oùdjann est situé, suivant la manière de compter de P. della Valle à quatre lieues d'Asapas; Thévenot compte quatre aghatch entre ces deux villages. Ce voyageur et Tavernier ne purent loger dans le karavanserây d'Oudjaun, à cause de sa saleté et de l'odeur infecte qu'y répandoient les charognes dispersées dans le voisinage. P. della Valle prononce Vadján, mais je crois que la prononciation indiquée par Chardin, et rectifiée quant à l'orthographe dans cette note, est la meilleure; elle se trouve confirmée par le texte de la relation de D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa (pag. 167 et 341), qui écrit Ugion. P. della Valle (t. IV, p.305) nomme le prince inhumé dans cet endroit, sulthan Ahhmed Seid, et dit que c'etoit le fils du fanteux Ismael Sséfy. Thévenot (t. IV. p. 426) dit simplement que c'est le fils d'un roi appelé châh Zadeh Kaûser îmani Dja'fer, qu'ils tien-nent pour saint: en effet, l'hermite ou dervych de la mosquée vint trouver D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa, et lui apprit que quantité d'hommes et de femmes malades, aveugles, boiteux, y recouvroient la santé par l'intercession de ce grand saint, dont les miracles étoient consignés sur un grand registre bien paraphé. (L-s.) [On the 10th, I left Haspas, and after four leagues of travel, which I covered in only six hours, although I was going at a good pace, and the road was full and smooth, I arrived at Ujon (1), a village of fifty houses, located on the banks of a river, which is very large and rapid during the winter, and dangerous to cross because of the floods it causes on all sides. At the southern end, one can see a small square mosque, with surrounding gardens, in which is the tomb of Sultan Sahied Ahmed.fn. 1 Oùdjann is located, according to P. della Valle's method of reckoning, four leagues from Asapas; Thévenot counts four aghatch between these two villages. This traveler and Tavernier could not stay in the karavanserây of Oudjaun, because of its filth and the foul odor spread there by the carrion scattered in the vicinity. P. della Valle pronounces Vadján, but I believe that the pronunciation indicated by Chardin, and corrected as to the spelling in this note, is the best; it is confirmed by the text of the account of D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa (pages 167 and 341), who writes Ugion. P. della Valle (vol. IV, p.305) names the prince buried in this place, Sultan Ahhmed Seid, and says that he was the son of the fantastic Ismael Sséfy. Thévenot (t. IV. p. 426) simply says that he is the son of a king called shah Zadeh Kaûser îmani Dja'fer, whom they consider a saint: in fact, the hermit or dervych of the mosque came to find D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa, and told him that many sick, blind, and lame men and women were recovering their health through the intercession of this great saint, whose miracles were recorded in a large, well-initialed register. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 226-7
SOURCE for Vgion
« Miercoles, onze del dicho mes, se caminaron tres le-guas hasta Vgion, aldea pequeña; fueron las dos leguas de este camino asperissimas por la subida y deçendida de una sierra, tan agria y llena de grandes piedras que se padecio grandissimo trabaxo, [Wednesday, the eleventh of the said month, three leagues were traveled to Vgion, a small village; the first two leagues of this road were extremely rough due to the ascent and descent of a mountain range, so rugged and full of large stones that great hardship was suffered,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 11
SOURCE for Yeioone
« The 20th daye we came to Yeioone [Ujan], 20 a litle towne wher the Kinges Vncl (1) is intoomed, wher we picht and bayeted boa.th or selfes and or horses, hauing traveled 4 1ges. of playne sandi waye. Here is good water.
fn.1 Probably Shah Isma'il II. »

R42-023 Tartang
R42-023 Tartang : place IRN
Supplement: location unknown but near is Emamzadeh Ebrahim , Shahzadeh-ye Ebrahim , امامزاده ابراهیم , شاهزاده ابراهیم ,
VARIANT names: Tartang ,
SOURCE for Tartang
« Next day we rode over moft craggy, steep, and terrible high hills, and at night made Tartang our Manzeil; a ſmall Towne, only famous in ahigh Sepulcher, clothd with violet coloured velvet, under which is buried a great Uucle of the Kings. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ pp. 147-8
« Leaving Asupas, the caravan passed after one-and-a-half farsakhs an unnamed karavansaray (62) and, continuing, passed inter alia over a bridge with seven arches, reaching after another 3 farsakhs Ujan, a poor village.fn. 62 This karavansaray mentioned by Kaempfer may be the same as the halting place in which Herbert, p. 117, stayed, called Tartang, a small town, with a mosque and a remarkable tomb, in which a great-uncle of the Shah was buried. However, in the light of the description, Herbert may have made a mistake, for it seems that he described Ujan, see e.g. Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 226-7. »
#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 73

R42-024 Affepofe
R42-024 Affepofe : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Asopas , Aspas , Asupas , آسپاس ,
VARIANT names: Affapas , Affepofe , Asbas al Asepas , Aspas , Aspas , Assepose , Assoupas , Asspass , Asupas , Haspas , Rubat of Salah-ad-Din in the plain called Dasht Run ,
SOURCE for Affapas
« Nous y trouvames aufli des Arabes fous des tentes, et après a-voir côtoyé et traverſé bien des mon-tagnes nous arrivames le deuxième au bourg d'Affapas dans une plaine affez fertile, où les terres étoient toutes labourées et bien arrofees, et où il y a un Caravanferas de pierre. [We also found there Arabs crazy about tents, and after having been close to and crossed many mountains we arrived second at the town of Affapas in a fairly fertile plain, where the lands were all plowed and well watered, and where there is a stone Caravanferas.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 256
SOURCE for Affepofe
« Next night to Affepofe, notable only in an old mud Caftle, fometimes a garrifon; in and about which, are fourty thousand Georgians and Sarcaſshes, by profeflion Chriftians; by quality, Captives; a people much honouring Saint George the Cappadocian Biſhop their converter. They differ from Mahomitans (not in habit, but) in their gray eyes and long white hayre (Albani ab albo crine) after the mode of Antick Gallants, recorded by Pliny and Lucian, tiſſued with fillets of gold or filver. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148
SOURCE for Asbas al Asepas
« e'l sabato a mattina, al far del giorno, avendo camminato cinque leghe, giungemmo a riposare nella villa Asbås, la quale è situata a piè della rottura di un monte, presso un'acqua corrente che cala dalla stessa montagna, sopra la quale, accanto alla villa, è piantato un gran giardino, circondato di mora e di molti alberi di pioppi. [and on Saturday morning, at daybreak, having walked five leagues, we arrived to rest at the Asbås villa, which is situated at the foot of a cleft of a mountain, near a running water that flows from the same mountain, on which, next to the villa, is planted a large garden, surrounded by blackberries and many poplar trees.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 242
SOURCE for Aspas
« den 28. Nov. zum Dorf Aspas (Apps) in 7 Stunden 5 bis 6 Farsach. [On November 28th, we traveled to the village of Aspas (Apps) in 7 hours, passing 5 to 6 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 92
Den 28. October quamen wy tot Aspas in cea rodelyke Karrawanfera in cen dorp. Ook gingen wy voor by een Kar- rawanfera, leggende heel eenzasin tus ichen hoog gebergte van blaeuw Marmer. [On the 28th of October we came to Aspas in a very red Karrawanfera in a village. We also passed by a Karrawanfera, lying quite alone between a high mountain of blue marble.]
SOURCE for Assepose
« The 19th daye being Sundaye wee came to Assepose [Asupas], a fine litle towne at the bottom of a high hill. Here we picht, haueing traveled 5 1ges. of very fayr waye. Here is good store of good water, and som good wyne sould by captiue Georgian Cristians. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75
SOURCE for Assoupas
« Le troisième, je fus à cheval depuis cinq heures jusques à midi, pre-mièrement dans la même plaine au long d'un étang par de très mauvais chemins pleins de neige qui cachaient des trous, puis ayant passé une montagne fort longue et fücheuse, je descendis à un gros village nommé Assoupas, où l'on voit sur une butte un château ruiné. Les habitants sont de race géorgienne, mais ils se sont faits mahométans. J'y trouvai du vin et du poisson, parce qu'il y a plusieurs ruisseaux, mais le carvansera est vieux et mal en ordre. [On the third day, I rode from five o'clock until noon, first across the same plain along a pond on very bad, snow-covered roads that concealed potholes, then, having crossed a very long and steep mountain, I descended to a large village called Assoupas, where a ruined castle can be seen on a hill. The inhabitants are of Georgian descent, but they have converted to Islam. I found wine and fish there, because there are several streams, but the caravanserai is old and in disrepair.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 295
SOURCE for Asspass
« we enjoyed this Accommodation till we came to Asspass (1), four Pharsangs; it is a Village shelter'd by the Mountains on the North,fn 1 Asupas, the Assepose of Herbert (148). "The road then passes for about ten miles through an undulating and very barren country, to a nick leading through a chain of hills on the right; but from this point there is a continuous and decided fall to the plain on which stands the town of Yezdikhast. In the whole distance from Asapas to Yezdikhast not one single tree was observed, far or near. The wretched village of Deh Girda and a small port near Khushki Zard (said to be occupied) were the only human habitations visible, except the black tents of the Ilyats" (Goldsmid, 194). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 231
SOURCE for Asupas
SOURCE for Haspas
« La plupart des habllans de Haspas étoîent autrefois chr(^tlens. Ils sont originaires de Circassie, de Géorgie et d'Ibérie, ayant été amenés dans cette province il y a plus de cent cinquante ans par les rois Talimas et Ismaël, et depuis par Abas, dans les conquêtes qu'ils firent en ces pays septentrionaux. [Most of the inhabitants of Haspas were formerly Christians. They originated from Circassia, Georgia, and Iberia, having been brought to this province more than one hundred and fifty years ago by Kings Talimas and Ishmael, and later by Abbas, in the conquests they made in these northern lands.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 225
SOURCE for Rubat of Salah-ad-Din in the plain called Dasht Run
« to the Rubat of Salah-ad-Din in the plain called Dasht Rün » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176

R42-025 Whoomgesh
R42-025 Whoomgesh : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3755006 coordinate: lat 30.706152 long 52.482504
NIMA/GNS names: Ab Barik , آب باریک ,
VARIANT names: Ab Barik , Abarik , Whoomgesh ,
SOURCE for Ab Barik
SOURCE for Abarik
« In about four hours from Koosk Zer we reached the station of Abarik, having come, as yesterday, eleven fursucks in as many hours, the fursuck being certainly about four English miles. This is a miserable place ; » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 258
SOURCE for Whoomgesh
« location approximate being south of the river Thymar and north of Affepofe » PBR

R42-026 Cuzcuzar
R42-026 Cuzcuzar : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Kushk Zad , Kushk Zar , Kushk-e Zar , Kushk-e Zard , Kushk-e Zard , Kushk-i-Zard , Qasr-e Zar , کوشک زر , کوشک زرد ,
VARIANT names: caravansera Koosk Zer , Cuscuza Caravan Ser Raw , Cuskezar , Cuzcuzar , Keuch Kezar , Khushk-i-Zard , Kouchkizerd , Kouskiefar , Kusckiker al. Cuscuzar , Kushk-e Zard ,
SOURCE for caravansera Koosk Zer
« At noon we reached a ruined caravansera called Koosk Zer, said to have been built by Shah Abbas, and certainly wrought with more labour and expense than any preceding one that we bad seen. The brick-work was faced with large blocks of stone; the dome at the entrance was tiled; and there was fine sculptured frame-work at the gate, with inner chambers, and other conveniences. It was of an octagonal form within, and was altogetber a fine building, thougb it was now entirely abandoned. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 257
SOURCE for Cuscuza Caravan Ser Raw
« We passed two Pharsangs to Cuscuzar (1), giving both Name to the Valley and Village: Here is a small but delicate Caravan Ser Raw, though something improvidently built, the Upper Part being too heavy for the Foundation, it being paved with large Square Stone over the Cloysters, which already begin to press down the Walls, which are most elegantly adorned with Painted Bricks and Polished Marbles, both too weak for so great a Weight.fn 1 Khushki Zard, some 25 miles by road N. of Asupas. Herbert writes the name in the same way as Fryer (148). "Two days Journey from thence [Mayen] you enter into the Plains of the Province of Cuscuzar, where the King of Persia keeps his race horses" (Tavernier, 66, 246). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 232
SOURCE for Cuskezar
« The 18th daye we came to Cuskezar [Khushk-i-Zard], a poor litle towne lying on a very large playne but very barren. In the on end of this towne vpon a litl hillok ther is a castle, wch maye be seene 5l1ges. off. Here we picht, hauing traveled 7 1ges. of very fayre waye, and lodged in a muskeet [mosque], wch we call a church. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75
SOURCE for Cuzcuzar
« Next night we lay in Whomgesh; next in Cuzcuzar [Khūshk-i-Zard); next we came to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow [Dih-i-girdū]: eight leagues from which place (and near Yezdycawz) we rode over a mountain of black marble (where doubtless are quarries of serpentine and porphyry, if the earth were examined). » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 118
SOURCE for Keuch Kezar
« Le 8, je fis sept licues, et comme c'étoit par de belles plaines, où le chemin est fort uni, ma traite fut bien plus courte et moins rude que le jour précédent. Après quatre lieues de marche, je passai sur un petit pont de pierre une rivière étroite, mais profonde en tous temps, nommée Polichiokou (2), et après avoir fait les trois autres lieues, j'arrivai à Keuch Kezar, qui est un village gros de deux cents maisons, environné d'eaux de tous côtés. Keuch Kezar (3) veut dire pavil-fn. 2 Politcheknem; c'est le nom d'un pont de pierre, célébre auprès de Chyraz. (L-s.)fn.3 Lisez kiochh-zer, pavillon d'or. Environ à une lieue de sett Bourgade. P. della Valle (tom. IV, pag. 304) place un beau pont sur une rivière à laquelle il donne le nom de ce même bourg; Thêvenot le place à 7 grands åghåtch du precedent, et s'accorde avec Chardin pour y avoir trouvé des Circassiens transportés de leur pays natal par cihah Abbas Ier, vers 1604, qui vouloit par cette mesure reparer la population de quelques cantons de la Perse, et sur-tout affamer les armées turkes. (L-s.) [On the 8th, I made seven journeys, and as it was across beautiful plains, where the road is very smooth, my trek was much shorter and less arduous than the previous day. After four leagues of walking, I crossed a narrow but always deep river, named Polichiokou (2), on a small stone bridge. After traveling the other three leagues, I arrived at Keuch Kezar, which is a village with two hundred houses, surrounded by water on all sides. Keuch Kezar (3) means pavilion-fn. 2 Policheknem; it is the name of a stone bridge, famous near Chyraz. (L-s.)fn. 3 Read kiochh-zer, golden pavilion. About a league from this village. P. della Valle (volume IV, page 304) places a beautiful bridge over a river to which he gives the name of this same town; Thêvenot places it 7 large åghåtch from the previous one, and agrees with Chardin in having found Circassians transported there from their native country by cihah Abbas I, around 1604, who wanted by this measure to repair the population of some cantons of Persia, and above all to starve the Turkish armies. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 221
SOURCE for Khushk-i-Zard
« Khushk-i-Zard » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936}
« while the (shorter, western, or) sum-mer road is to the right, by Küshk-i-Zard. ... thence 7 to Küshk-i-Zard, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176
SOURCE for Kouchkizerd
« Le deuxième, je marchai depuis minuit jusqu'à dix heures du matin parmi les neiges, ayant fait trois heures de chemin dans une plaine assez stérile, pour venir à Kouchkizerd où il y a un carvansera neuf et bien bâti. [The second, I walked from midnight until ten o'clock in the morning among the snows, having made three hours of journey in a rather barren plain, to come to Kouchkizerd where there is a new and well-built caravanserai.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 295
SOURCE for Kouskiefar
« Nous arrivames fur les deux heures au village de Kouskiefar, qui a un bon Caravanserai de pierre, où nous nous arrétámes, [We arrived at the village of Kouskiefar in two hours, which has a good stone caravanserai, where we stopped,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 256
SOURCE for Kusckiker al. Cuscuzar
« A notte, dopo aver cenato, partimmo di là; e camminate due leghe, il venerdi matina poco innanzi l'alba arrivammo a riposarci nella villa Kusekizer, nella quale, oltre degli abitatori paesani, vi sono anche molte caso di Giorgiani e di Circassi, fattevi da questo re modernamente d'altronde, e di lontano trasmigrare. Circa una lega prima di arrivare alla villa, si passò per ponte di buona fabbrica un piccolo fiume, che io non so che abbia altro nome che il fiume di Kusekizer. [At night, after supper, we left there; and having walked two leagues, on Friday morning shortly before dawn we arrived to rest at the Kusekizer villa, in which, besides the inhabitants of the village, there are also many Georgians and Circassians, brought there by this king in modern times from elsewhere, and from far away. About a league before arriving at the villa, we crossed a small river by a well-made bridge, which I do not know of any other name than the river of Kusekizer.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 242
SOURCE for Kushk-e Zard
« The marshland ends. The hills on the W. recede for a short distance. The road rises slightly to within half a mile of Kushk-i-Zard, which is reached at 21 miles. The ruins of a spacious caravanserai give the place a somewhat imposing appearance. Attached to this is a walled and castellated mud village said to contain about 120 houses, of which only half, according to native report, are now inhabited, recent rains having wrought havoc in the village. The inhabitants are of Iliat origin. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 371

R42-027 Bazebachow
R42-027 Bazebachow : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Baz Bachcheh , Baz Bacheh , Bazicheh , Bazichi , باز بچه ,
VARIANT names: Baz Bacheh , Bazeba-chow ,
SOURCE for Baz Bacheh
SOURCE for Bazeba-chow
« Next night we lay in Whoomgesh, nextin Cuzcuzar, next day to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148

R42-028 Degardow
R42-028 Degardow : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 10342280 coordinate: lat 31.1618 long 52.2472
NIMA/GNS names: Deh Gerdu , ده گردو ,
VARIANT names: Dedergoe , Degardow , Degerdoo , Deguerdou , Degurdu , Deh Gerdu , Dehegerdow , Dehighirdu , Dih Gerdu ,
SOURCE for Dedergoe
« Le trente et unieme de ce mois nous arrivames fur les 10. heures à Dedergoe, village ſitué à 8. lieuës de Jefdegaes, où nous fümes furpris d'une groſſe tempête, et d'une pouffiere fi épaifle que nous avions de la peine à ouvrir les yeux, outre qu'il faifoit froid. [On the thirty-first of this month we arrived at 10 o'clock at Dedergoe, a village located 8 leagues from Jefdegaes, where we were surprised by a great storm, and a dusting so thick that we had difficulty opening our eyes, besides the fact that it was cold.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ pp. 255-6
SOURCE for Degardow
« Next night we lay in Whomgesh; next in Cuzcuzar [Khūshk-i-Zard); next we came to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow [Dih-i-girdū]: eight leagues from which place (and near Yezdycawz) we rode over a mountain of black marble (where doubtless are quarries of serpentine and porphyry, if the earth were examined). » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 118
SOURCE for Degerdoo
« In four hours more we came to a small station called Degerdoo, containing only a few huts, enclosed by square mud walla with bastions, and a small caravansera without. The distance of these Irtations was said to be eight fursucks, which we had come, for the first time, in an equal number of hours, having ridden a brisk pace in a large company. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 256
SOURCE for Deguerdou
« J'arrivai de nuit à Déguerdou, sans avoir débridé de tout le jour. Mon bagage étoit sur quatre mules vigoureuses , et j'étois bien monté. » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 221
SOURCE for Degurdu
« We kept on to Degurdu (1), signifying the Walnut Town, where grew never an one, and lodged our selves here before Noon, the Sun not in the least annoying us. fn 1 Dehgerdu of Curzon’s map (ii, 60). Pers. dih-girdu, “walnut village.” Herbert (148) writes Degardow : Tavernier (246) “ Dehigherdou, or the village of wall-nuts.” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 233
SOURCE for Deh Gerdu
SOURCE for Dehegerdow
« The 17th daye we came to Dehegerdow [Dih-i-girdu], a lit! towne in a veri barren place, but good water. Here we picht in the Duckes1 howse, hauing traveled 8 1ges. fayre waye but manye turninges.
fn. 1 i.e., Imam Quli Khan, Duke of Shiraz. »
SOURCE for Dehighirdu
« Al far della notte ripigliammo di nuovo il cammino, e dopo otto leghe di strada, la mattina del giovedi, a buon'ora, arrivammo ad alloggiare nella villa Dehighirdu, che è tanto come a dire in lingua nostra, Villa delle noci, così detta per la molta quantità delle noci che ivi si trovano. Stemmo noi dentro al caravanserai che vi è, in mezzo del quale quattro belli e grandi alberi piantativi fanno ombra deliziosa. [At nightfall we set out again, and after eight leagues of road, early on Thursday morning, we arrived to lodge in the Dehighirdu villa, which is as much as to say in our language, Villa of the walnuts, so called because of the great quantity of walnuts that are found there. We stayed inside the caravanserai that is there, in the middle of which four beautiful and large plant trees give delightful shade.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241-242
SOURCE for Dih Gerdu
« From Yazdikhwäst by the summer road to Shirāz.-From Yazdikhwāst in 8 leagues to Dih Girdū, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176

R42-029 Gumbazellello
R42-029 Gumbazellello : place IRN
VARIANT names: Gombeslala , Gombez Lala , Gumbazellello , Gumber allalah , Gunbad-Qala ,
SOURCE for Gombeslala
« Gombeslala » in {map#1323 Itinéraire de Perse d'Ispaham à Siras, de Siras à Lar, et de Lar à Gombru prés d'Ormus / dressé sur la relation de Pietro della Vallé par P. Du-Val, , , fig. }
« On passe à mi-chemin un château de terre, flan-qué de quatre tours, qui n'est pas fort ruiné, quoiqu'il soit tout abandonné. On l'appelle Gom-bes lalà (2), parce qu'il est vis-à-vis d'une sépul-ture de saint, qui est sous un dôme; et l'on ap-pelle un dôme Gombes, en persan.fn. 2 Gombez lálá: le premier mot est arabe et signifie une voûte. et une coupole; il désigne aussi par extension une chapelle sépul-crale. On peut voir sur ce mot lala le tome Ier, pag. 6o, not. The-venot écrit gombez cala; gombez est le synonyme persan du ruot arabe qoubbéh; mais cala est une faute. (L-s.) [Halfway along, we pass an earthen castle, flanked by four towers, which is not very ruined, although it is completely abandoned. It is called Gom-bes lalà (2), because it is opposite a saint's tomb, which is under a dome; and a dome is called Gombes in Persian.fn. 2 Gombez lálá: the first word is Arabic and means a vault and a dome; it also designates, by extension, a sepulchral chapel. We can see this word lala in volume 1, page 60, note. The-venot writes gombez cala; gombez is the Persian synonym for the Arabic ruot qoubbéh; but cala is a mistake. (L-s.)] »
#3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Nouvelle édition, Le Normant, Imprimeur-Libraire, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 220
« De là je passai près d'un méchant château nommé Gombeslala, [From there I passed near a nasty castle called Gombeslala,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 295
SOURCE for Gombez Lala
« The monarch dropping his whip, called to his follower to alight and take it up from the ground. The faithful slave did so; but in the act fell on the earth, and expired on the spot, from excessive exertion. He was accordingly buried here, and this tomb was erected to his memory: from which moment the place has been called Gombez Lala, or the Tomb of the Slave.' » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p.
SOURCE for Gumbazellello
« and next to Degardom, eight leagues from which place, (and neerer Tendycaus) we rode over afteepe Mountaine of black fhining Marble, (and where are Quarries of Serpentine and Porphyre, if the earth were lookt into) the defcent was ſo percipicious, that but by ragged ſteps and thoſe not a little dangerous, was no riding downe: howbeit downe we got, and that night rode to Gumbazellello famous in a Carvanforaw and the best wheat bread in Perfia:) » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148
SOURCE for Gumber allalah
« Dann SSO 1 Stunde durch eine schmale Ebene zwischen nicht sehr hohen Bergen oder Hügeln, die mit Cementina und Dermina so reichlich bedeckt war, wie unsre Heide mit Eruca, bis Gumber allalah (Peigambar-e Allah?). In diesem verfallenen Schlosse, das ein starkes Tor hatte und ein klares süßes Quellwasser, wohnten einige Locri (?) (Luri, Bewohner Luristans?), wie auch ein unlängst angekommener Rahdâr. So wohl auch in einigen schwarzen Zelten, die bei dem Schlosse aufgeschlagen waren. [Then, for one hour south-southeast, across a narrow plain between low mountains or hills, covered with cementina and dermina as abundantly as our heath is with eruca, to Gumber Allah (Peigambar-e Allah?). In this dilapidated castle, which had a strong gate and a clear, sweet spring, lived some Locri (?) (Luri, inhabitants of Luristan?), as well as a recently arrived Rahdar. There were probably also some black tents pitched near the castle.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 90
SOURCE for Gunbad-Qala
« Afterwards, one passed a little castle called Gunbad-Qal'a, where there was also a ruined village; Speelman calls it a small village, in which a few families only lived. It was an old fortress, with a tomb in which a holy man named Imāmzāda Muhammad Hājji was buried, providing the reason for its name (gunbad "dome"). The latter is confirmed by Chardin, who like Tavernier, also referred to a ruined castle with four towers. Kaempfer men-tioned the dilapidated fortress, which had good water, and was inhabited by some Lurs and a recently arrived rähdär. (52) The Dutch embassy in 1691 considered Gunbad-Qal'a to be a miserable karavansaray, which formerly had been a resort of rebels. Also, close by it was a square old tomb with an Imāmzāda, still partly tiled. The water was of reasonable quality. (53) The rebellion referred to must have taken place after July 1645, for Winninx mentions the stronghold as having been built a few years previously in order to provide security for travellers, because the area had been infested with bandits. (54)fn. 52 Speelman, pp. 125-6 (Gommesella; Mansada Mahometh Hasi; Gombes = dome); Thevenot, vol. II, p. 121 (Chotali-Naar-Schekeni; Gombez Cala); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 91 (Gumber allalah); Winninx, 31 July (Combazala); via the mountain Naatsikan; Valentijn, vol. V, p. 260 (Combesilala); Tavernier, p. 295 (Kotel innal tekeheni; Gombeslala); Herbert, p. 118 (Gumbazelello) ascribed the best wheaten-bread to this town; Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 220 (Gombes lala).fn. 53 Valentijn, vol. V, p. 260; LeBrun, p. 308 (Gombes-Lala) a very small village.fn. 54 Winninx, 31 July. »

R42-048 Periscow
R42-048 Periscow : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Firuzkuh , Qasabeh-ye Firuz Kuh , فيروزكوه ,
VARIANT names: Firuz-cuh , Firuzkuh , Periscow , Pirriscow ,
SOURCE for Firuz-cuh
« Finalmente a mezzanotte avendo camminato otto leghe e più, arrivammo ad una villa chiamata Heble-rud, se pur nella or-tografia non errarono, non solo il mullà della medesima villa, ma poi anche altri qui nella città, che tutti d'accordo il suo nome così mi hanno scritto. ... e finalmente arrivammo di notte, dopo aver cam-minato quattro leghe, ad tuna villa chianiata Firuz-cuh, [Finally, at midnight, having traveled eight leagues or more, we arrived at a village called Heble-rud, unless the spelling was correct, not only by the mulla of the same village, but also by others here in the city, who all agreed that its name was written that way for me. ... And finally, at night, after having traveled four leagues, we arrived at a village called Firuz-cuh,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 1 pp. 581 and 586
SOURCE for Firuzkuh
SOURCE for Periscow
« the next night we rode 20 miles to Periscow i.e. a broken Moun|tain: a Town somtimes honoured with the Kings residence; not that the beauty of his house (but ordinary) allures him, choyse hawking, Phesants and other game more delighting him here than any other part of Parthia. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 166
SOURCE for Pirriscow
« This daye we came to Pirriscow [Firüzkūh], a very pretie towne liinge between two hills. This towne doth abound in walnootes and apricokes. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges. Here we stayed the 14th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 47

R42-049 Gheer (?) : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Bala Do Ab , Do Ab , Dow Ab , Duab , La Do Ab , Rovat Sar , بالا دو آب , دو آب , دو آب , لا دو آب ,
VARIANT names: Do Ab , Gheer (?) ,
SOURCE for Do Ab
SOURCE for Gheer (?)
« Our first nights journey from Periscow, was to Gheer, foure and twenty long miles, and tedious: some part was over terrible hills, other part through whistling dales; in both which we were so weather-beaten with a raging storme of wind and haile bred in Tartary, and forc't over the Caspian sea » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167

R42-050 forgotten village
R42-050 forgotten village : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Shir Gah , شير گاه ,
VARIANT names: forgotten village , Shir Gah , Shirgoh ,
SOURCE for forgotten village
« From Gheer wee rode next night foure and twenty miles, to a small Village whose name I have infortunatly lost: the Frogs (the Bul-bulls or Philomels of this mar|rish place) it may be were the causers of it, assembled in such troopes, and chirping such lothsome tunes, that we wisht Iupiter had been to give them another King: » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167
SOURCE for Shir Gah
SOURCE for Shirgoh
« This daye we came [to] Shirgoh [Shirküh], a preti litle lodge, the towne lying a furlong from it, lying by a riuer side in a garden full of roses, haueing traveled all night in the greatest missery that euer I traveled in my life by resone of could and being wett, and being vpon the top of a hill in a playne open place wher our mamundar mist of the waye, soe that here we wandered moste part of the night, soe yt we knew not the waye backward nor forward, and soe might haue wandered all night but that by chaunce we met wth the caravan, and we followed them till break of daye. Then we knew our waye to our mansile (1) and soe picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges.
fn. 1 Manzil (Arabic), halting-place. »

R42-051 Aliavarr
R42-051 Aliavarr : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3836852 coordinate: lat 36.606989 long 53.067136
NIMA/GNS names: `Alibak , `Alivak , عاليباك , عاليواك ,
VARIANT names: `Alivak , Aliavarr ,
SOURCE for `Alivak
SOURCE for Aliavarr
« To Aliavarr, one and twenty miles from the Town of Frogs we rode next night: a very sweet and pleasant place in water, wood, and store of Phesants; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167

R42-052 Necaw
R42-052 Necaw : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Naranj Bagh , Neka , Neka' , Nika , نارنج باغ , نكا , نكاء , نيكا ,
VARIANT names: Necaw , Necoh , Neka ,
SOURCE for Necaw
« Next night we got to Necaw, five and twenty miles from Alliavar, observable in the Kings house, and that the common Mansions and Churches here, differ not in shape from ours of the poorer sort in England. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167
SOURCE for Necoh
« This daye we came to Necoh [Nikah], on of the Kinges ordinarie howses, standing vpon a bank side, the high waye lying of the on side and a great woode of the other side. Here we picht in the Kinges harram [haram], haueing traveled 8 leauges. Here we stayed yo 19th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 48
SOURCE for Neka

R42-053 Asharaff
R42-053 Asharaff : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Ashraf , Behshahr , اشرف , بهشهر ,
VARIANT names: Ahasuraff , Asharaff , Asheraffe , Ashraf ,
SOURCE for Ahasuraff
« ASHARAFF (or Ahasuraff, I dare not say fro¯ Ahasuerus) is 2 long miles from the Caspian Sea. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167
SOURCE for Asharaff
« Next night wee got into Asharaff; a Citie upon the Mare Caspium. The Emperour of Persia was here, and had long expected the Ambassadour; unwilling to remove hence, till he came, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 167
SOURCE for Asheraffe
SOURCE for Ashraf

R42-041a old castle
R42-041a old castle : place IRN (castle)
VARIANT names: Jazan castle , old castle ,
SOURCE for Jazan castle
SOURCE for old castle
« From Tawgebagh wee got next night to Bawt six farsangs or 18 miles
description
PAGE 164
distant, nothing memorable, save an old Castle in the way, which, by Cyn|thia's palenesse, we could hardly discover. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ pp. 163-4

R42-045 pitch tents (?)
R42-045 pitch tents (?) : place IRN
VARIANT names: pitch tents (?) ,
SOURCE for pitch tents (?)
« From Syacow wee rode next night 22 miles, most part was over other salt vast Desarts wherein thousands have perished, and would yet, did not a like large deepe grounded causey secure the passage: And here we pitcht our Tents, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 164

R42-054 Farrabaut
R42-054 Farrabaut : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Farahabad , Shilat-e Farahabad , شيلات فرح آباد , فرح آباد ,
VARIANT names: Farahabad , Farrabaut , Ferhabad , Ferrabode ,
SOURCE for Farahabad
SOURCE for Farrabaut
« Upon Whitson-monday wee left Asharaff; the King at that same time journeyed into Medya to Casbyn: our Travells were different, hee went by Periscow, but sent us by Larry-Ioon, that we might have the better view of those his richest Provinces: this night we lay in Farrabaut, a Citie five miles distant from Asharaff, late spoken of. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 178
SOURCE for Ferhabad
« In Ferhabad quando arrivai non c'era il re; che, come quello che sta sempre poco fermo, si trovava allora in un altro luogo di questo contorno, sei leghe incirca lontano, ma solo con poche genti, perchè la corte e quel poco esercito che suol svernar seco era tutto in Ferhabad. [When I arrived in Ferhabad the king was not there; he, like one who is always short of station, was then in another place in this neighbourhood, about six leagues away, but only with a few men, because the court and the small army that usually winters with him were all in Ferhabad.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 1 p. 596
SOURCE for Ferrabode
« This daye in the morning we took horses and ridd to the Caspian Sea, being win a mile of it and in our way. So that when we came to the sea side we spured our horses into the sea for to washe them, our horses not being acquanted wth the motion of the sea gave my lord and I each on vs a fall. Soe ridringe on by the sea side vntil we cam to the citie of Ferrabode, haueinge seen many buffelowes by the waye, and som drawing of carttes much like our English cartes. This citie is curiously scituated: as I ridd into ye citie first I rid ouer a bridge wher vnder ran a fine riuer into the sea, being an Englishe mile from the sea; » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ pp. 51-2

R42-055 Chacoporo
R42-055 Chacoporo : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Chapak Rud , Meyan Molk , Mian Melk , Mian Molk , Mianmolk , ميان ملک , ميانملک ,
VARIANT names: Chacoporo , Chapak Rud , Chappacurrow ,
SOURCE for Chacoporo
« Foure dayes wee spent in easie journeys upon this remote shoare; the first night wee got to Chacoporo, a big Towne; twelve long miles West from Farrabat, and upon which, the sea oftentimes beats outragiously: a river, a stones cast over refreshes her, but (if they told us the truth) is not alwayes potable; for one month every yeer it tasts brackish. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 181
SOURCE for Chapak Rud
SOURCE for Chappacurrow
« This daye we came alonge by the sea side som parte of the waye as we came to a towne wch they call Chappacurrow [Chapuk-rüd), a very pleasant place lying wthin half a bow shott from the sea. Here my lord pitched in a howse built of timber vpon a riuer weh is called Obytalar [Ab-i-Tālār], haueing traveled 4 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 53

R42-056 Barfrushdea
R42-056 Barfrushdea : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Babol , Babul , Balfrush , Barfarush , Barfrush , Barfurush , بابل ,
VARIANT names: Barferush , Barfrush , Barfrushdea , Barfurush , Obybabool ,
SOURCE for Barferush
« After twenty miles came Barferush, and just after crossing a river by a magnificent bridge of many arches, there opened out before our eyes a delightful picture. In the centre of a lake, reed-clad and peopled with wild-fowl, who seemed to know no fear, was a green island, thick with orange-trees, covered with fruit, and poplars; while between the foliage was seen what appeared to be a white-walled, red-tiled mansion, like an English country seat. Across the lake to this lovely island led a long, low bridge, whose pointed stone arches were mirrored in the still waters below. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 334
SOURCE for Barfrush
« From this towne after diner we came the same daye to Barfrush [Bärfarüsh], being 3 leauges, a fine towne. Here lyes a prophites toom cald Imonizedasmoyle. (1)
fn. 1 Imāmzāda Isma'il, son of the Imam Mūsā al-Kazim. »
SOURCE for Barfrushdea
« Next night we got to Barfrush de, a great Towne; well peopled, inriched with silk-wormes, wood, and excellent water; and therefore they may the better forbeare wine; for the law here forbids the use of it, under a grievous penalty. This place is from Chacoporo 12 miles, many of the men here de|light in Archery, and have long beene famous'd in that manly exercise. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 181
SOURCE for Barfurush
« and in a few minutes entered Bárfurúsh. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 562
SOURCE for Obybabool
« The name of it is Obybabool [Ab-i-Babul]. Here we bayted, haueing traveled 3 leauges » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 54

R42-057 Omoal
R42-057 Omoal : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Amol , Amul , آمل ,
VARIANT names: Amol , Amul , Omoal ,
SOURCE for Amol
SOURCE for Amul
« About half an hour after passing this village we reached Ámul, one of the chief cities of Mazandarán, a picturesque straggling town divided into two parts by a large river, which is spanned by a long narrow bridge built of bricks. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 562
SOURCE for Omoal
« By this time we are got to Omoall a City as well known as any other in Mozendram.
OMOALL, (of old, Zarama I imagin) is thought to bee that Na|borca or Naborea, where the Oracle of dreames was so much famoused. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 182

R42-056a bridge
R42-056a bridge : place IRN
Supplement: pel tarikhi davazdeh cheshmeh پل تاریخی دوازده چشمه
VARIANT names: bridge , Davazdah Cheshme Historical Bridge ,
SOURCE for bridge
« Thence, I went to the river side (over which upon a Bridge we rode the night before) hoping to shade my selfe (from outrageous Phaeton) under some Poplars there abounding; but quickly left the place againe » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 182
« PAGE 180 The twelve-arch bridge over the river Harhaz. » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 321 notes
SOURCE for Davazdah Cheshme Historical Bridge

R42-058 Larry-Iohn
R42-058 Larry-Iohn : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm-e Larijan-e Pa'in , Ab Garm-e Pa'in Larijan , Ab Garm-e-Larijan , Abgarm Larijan , آب گرم لاریجان پائین , آبگرم پایین لاریجان , آبگرم لاريجان ,
VARIANT names: Ab Garm-e-Larijan , Larry-Iohn ,
SOURCE for Ab Garm-e-Larijan
SOURCE for Larry-Iohn
« From Omoall we travel|led to Larry-Iohn or Ioon; (I cannot tell if that Ionaca in Ptolomy) thirty miles thence; at which place the Kingdome of Hyrcania takes end and Mount Taurus, or Taur-achow beginning. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 183

R42-059 Ryna : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Rehneh , Reneh , Reyneh , Rineh , Rineh , رنه , رهنه , رينه ,
VARIANT names: Rehneh , Rene , Reneh , Ryna ,
SOURCE for Rehneh
SOURCE for Rene
« We left the beautiful Alpine village of René next morning (Sunday, 23rd September) about 7.30 ?.?. The pretty winding road by which we continued to descend was so steep that for the first hour or so of our march I preferred to walk. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ pp. 559-560
SOURCE for Reneh
« while straight ahead on a plateau lies Reneh—our destination. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 323
SOURCE for Ryna
« After many laborious steps wee got to a Village called Ryna, twelve miles short of Damoan; where wee beheld a Castle, so built upon the best advantages of Art and Nature, that it seemes impregnable: » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 187

R42-059a Damoan high peak
R42-059a Damoan high peak : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3059148 coordinate: lat 35.955082 long 52.110049
NIMA/GNS names: Damavand , Demavend , Demavend Kuh , Kuh-e Damavand , Mount Damavand , Mount Demavend , دماوند , دموند , كوه دماوند ,
VARIANT names: Damoan high peak , Demavend Kuh ,
SOURCE for Damoan high peak
« A long mile from this Sepulcher and higher up into the Aire, is the high peak of Damoan (by Strabo in his 11. lib. call'd Iasonia,) whose top (shaped like a Pyramid) surmounts all the other parts of Taurus; up which defa|tigating hill we crambled with no small difficulty, and from whence wee could discover the Caspian Sea, eightscore long miles distant thence; 'tis above compos'd of sulphur, which causes it to sparkle each night like Aetna; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 190
SOURCE for Demavend Kuh

R42-059b Nova
R42-059b Nova : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Nava , Neva , Nuva , نوا ,
VARIANT names: Nova , Nuva ,
SOURCE for Nova
« East of Damoans high peak is a Towne call'd Nova, in it a hundred fami|lies. A young man (sonne to Hodge-Suare the Persian Merchant that dyed in London, Anno Domini 1625, and brother to Mahomet, whom we buried at sea) hearing of our passing by, accompanied with all his loving kindred, came to invite us to his home; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Nuva

R42-060 Damoan
R42-060 Damoan : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Damavand , Demavend , Qasabeh-e Damavand , دماوند , قصبه دماوند ,
VARIANT names: Damavand , Damoan , Demoan ,
SOURCE for Damavand
SOURCE for Damoan
« wee gave them a a small offering and so left them, that night making Damoan our Manzeil or Lodging. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Demoan
« In this towne of Demoan [Damāvand], lying in Parthia in the hight of degrees haue we rested the 11 and 12 daye of June, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55

R42-061 Bomaheem
R42-061 Bomaheem : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Bum Hend , Bumahen , Bumahind , Bum-e Hen , Bumehen , بوم هن , بوم هند , بومهن ,
VARIANT names: Bomaheem , Bomahene , Bumahen ,
SOURCE for Bomaheem
« Two dayes wee stay'd in Domoan to re|creat our wearied bodies; on the thirteenth of June we departed thence, and that day rode to Bomaheem, five and twenty miles from Damoan. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Bomahene
« and cam awaye the 13th to Bomahene [Bümahin]. Here we picht, hauinge traueled 3 leauges of very barren ground all along the side of a hill. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55
SOURCE for Bumahen

R42-062 Tyroan
R42-062 Tyroan : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -3087341 coordinate: lat 35.705 long 51.4216
NIMA/GNS names: Teheran , Tehran , Tehran , تهران ,
VARIANT names: Teharone , Teheran , Teheraun , Tehran , Theheran , Tihran , Tyroan ,
SOURCE for Teharone
« This daye we came to Teharone [Tehrān], a fine towne lying vpon a playn, beinge very bare, haueing many plesant litle townes round aboute it. This towne is walde round aboute, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55
SOURCE for Teheran
Teheran in « Map Teheran to Isfahan » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 between pp. 2 and 3
« However, once turned in the right direction, they proved excellent animals, and in one and a half hours we were driving through the semi-civilized streets of Teheran. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 299
« ISFAHAN is fair, Shiraz is beautiful, but Teheran - Tahran khaili khub ast-Teheran is very beautiful,' this is the en-comium which I heard bestowed, over and over again, upon the modern capital of Iran as I journeyed northward from Yezd. During a week's stay in the metropolis I found the city sufficiently attractive to make me sympathize, in part at least, with the enthusiasm of the Persians, even if Teheran cannot boast of many of the natural beauties of such a city as Shiraz. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 418
« At length, about sunset, we entered the city by the Derwázé- i-Naw (New Gate), and ... as it was now late, to take up temporary quarters at a caravansaray situated not far from the gate whereby we had entered. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 82
« I was ready to leave Tehran at nine in the morning; » #3180 Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Viaje Al Interior De Persia, ~ vol. 2 p. 5
SOURCE for Teheraun
« The sun rose in fiery splendour over the mountains of Teheraun, but the city itself is in so low a situation, that we could not distinguish it till we were not more than two miles distant. » #3621 George Keppel, Personal Narrative of a Journey from India to England, Henry Colburn, London, 1827 ~ vol. 2 pp. 120-1
SOURCE for Tehran
« April 18th.-Left by Shah Abdool Azeem gate, and passed through small suburb of town » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 54
« Tehrán to Kabát Gumbaz, 64 H. R., 22 ?.*August 19th, 1857.-Left the city by the Shahabdoolazheem, or southern gate. » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 37
SOURCE for Theheran
« Theheran » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, }
SOURCE for Tihran
« Just as endurance was on the point of giving way, we turned from the road through a large gateway into the extensive grounds which surround the British Legation, a large building forming three sides of a quadrangle, with a fine stone staircase leading up to the central door. » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 181
SOURCE for Tyroan
« for by this time we are hous'd in Tyroan.
TYROAN, by her continued greatnesse and Antiquity seemes to be that Rhazunda, mentioned by Strabo and Ptolomy. It is seated in the midst of a faire large Plain; which albeit it be invironed with hills of stupendious height in most parts at good distance, yet some wayes it affoords a delicate Horizon. The ayre here is fresh and sweet in the morning and towards Sunset, but in the Sunnes perpendicular glances, wee found it hot and ra|ging: the houses are of white bricks, hardned in the Sunne; above three thousand houses are numbred in Tyroan; of which, the Dukes and Buzzar are the fairest and most observable; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 193

R42-063 Charah
R42-063 Charah : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Heredi , Karadj , Karadje , Karaj , Karej , Keredi , Leredi , Qasabeh-e Karaj , قصبه كرج , كرج ,
VARIANT names: Carah , Charah , Karadj , Karaj , Soolimanea ,
SOURCE for Carah
« The 17th daye in the evening we sett out from Teherone and ridd all night, hauing traveled 6 leauges, and picht att Carah [Kerej]. Here we rested the 18th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55
SOURCE for Charah
« From Tyroan we rode to a Village call'd Charah, a base inhospitable place; it affoorded us no sustenance, but torment, so much as the scalding sands and frying Sunne could operate, as in too great measure we had experi|ence of: From hence to Taurys is two dayes riding. The Carravans-raw is thus shaped. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 194
SOURCE for Karadj
« Karadj » in {map#1438 in #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ fig. Abb. 23. Karawanenrouten im Gebiet von Teheran}
SOURCE for Karaj
SOURCE for Soolimanea
« May 29-30.-June 1.-Nothing worthy of notice occurred in the first three days of our march. Soolimanea, our first stage, was twenty-four miles, Sougherabad twelve, and Sufur Khojah thirty. » #3621 George Keppel, Personal Narrative of a Journey from India to England, Henry Colburn, London, 1827 ~ vol. 2 p. 144

R42-064 Sangurrabaut
R42-064 Sangurrabaut : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Sonqorabad , سنقر آباد ,
VARIANT names: Sangurrabaut , Sonqorabad , Sougherabad ,
SOURCE for Sangurrabaut
« Next night we made our Manzeill at Sangurrabaut, a Town consisting of an hundred Cottages. In this place we buried a civill Gentleman, Mr. Welflit our comrade, under a broad spreading Chenoar tree, and fixt a brazen scrole over him, which spoke his Name and Nation. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 196
SOURCE for Sonqorabad
SOURCE for Sougherabad
« May 29-30.-June 1.-Nothing worthy of notice occurred in the first three days of our march. Soolimanea, our first stage, was twenty-four miles, Sougherabad twelve, and Sufur Khojah thirty. » #3621 George Keppel, Personal Narrative of a Journey from India to England, Henry Colburn, London, 1827 ~ vol. 2 p. 144

R42-065 open fields
R42-065 open fields : place IRN
VARIANT names: open fields ,
SOURCE for open fields
« Next night we slept in the open fields under a bespangled Canopie the Firmament; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 196

R42-066 Shaw-De
R42-066 Shaw-De : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Zagheh , زاغه ,
VARIANT names: Shaw-De , Zagheh ,
SOURCE for Shaw-De
« and next in Shaw-De, i.e. the Kings Towne, his Purgatorie ra|ther; if a conspiracie of loose and scalding sand, the burning Sun, and filthie Cottages can make one: the houses there, differ nothing in shape nor closenesse from Ovens; the people all day bake themselves in them; a people so discourteous, that our miserie nothing afflicted them; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 196
SOURCE for Zagheh

R42-067 Cazbyn
R42-067 Cazbyn : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Kazvin , Qazvin , قزوين ,
VARIANT names: Casbin , Casbine , Casbyn , Casbyne , Cashan , Casuin , Casvin , Caswin , Kasveen , Kazvin , Qazvin , Qazwyn ,
SOURCE for Casbin
« The most part of our European Chorographers who have dis|cours'd of the Cities of Persia, affirm Casbin to be the ancient Ar|sacia, and that before it was call'd Europa till the Parthians gave it that name from Arsaces, the first of their Emperors; that is it the same with that City, which the Greeks call'd Ragea, and the ho|ly Scripture Rages of Media. » #236 Chardin, J., The travels of Sir John Chardin into Persia and the East Indies : the first volume, containing the author's voyage from Paris to Ispahan : to which is added, the coronation of this present king of Persia, Solyman the Third, Printed for Moses Pitt in Duke-Street Westminster, London, 1686 ~ p. 380
« June 2. On the morning of the 2d, we came to Casbin, the seat of a Prince Governor . » #3621 George Keppel, Personal Narrative of a Journey from India to England, Henry Colburn, London, 1827 ~ vol. 2 p. 144
« enbiando el rey orden para que á las siete ó las ocho de la ma-ñana el Enbaxador entrase en Casbin. [The king sent orders for the Ambassador to enter Casbin at seven or eight in the morning.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 5 p. 79
SOURCE for Casbine
« The 10th of August in the yeare of our Lord 1628. This night about 11 acloke att night we sett forward to come homwardes bound, leauing the King in this citie of Casbine in the cuntrey of Arach, otherwise called Media. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64
SOURCE for Casbyn
« rom that hatefull Towne we hasted, and next night got into Casbyn. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 196
SOURCE for Casbyne
« This daye being Saturdaye we came to Casbyne [Qasvin], wher the Kyng is, a very large cytie, hauing traveled 6 leauges. This citye lieth in the cuntrey of Arach ['Iraq]. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 56
SOURCE for Cashan
« The 27. we departed at mid-night, and, having travell'd five Leagues, we were got, by Sun|rising,
description
PAGE 188
near the City of Casuin, or Cashan; » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 188
SOURCE for Casuin
SOURCE for Casvin
« nous arriuafmes deux heures auant Soleil couchant du lendemain premier iour de Decembre à CASVIN, OU KASBIN, et eſt pour le preſent la ville capitale des terres du Sophi. El-le eſt dans l'ancienne Medie, à dix iournées ou enuiron de TAVRIS, dans vne grande plaine, entre collines toutesfois ou montaignes. [We arrived two hours before sunset the next day, the first day of December, at Casvin, or Kasbin, and is at present the capital city of the lands of Sophi. It is in ancient Media, ten days or so from Tavrís, in a large plain, between hills or mountains.] » #3614 unknown ed. M. Morisot, Relations veritables et curieuses de l'isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil. : Auec l'histoire de la derniere guerre faite au Bresil, entre les Portugais et les Hollandois. ; Trois relations d'Egypte, et vne du royaume de Perse, Chez Augustin Courbé, Paris, 1651 ~ p. 126
SOURCE for Caswin
« The 11. we came to the Citie of Caswin, where we were forc'd to continue nine dayes, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 287
« EIght days long stayd we in Caswin » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 307
SOURCE for Kasveen
« Kasveen » in {map#1387 in #3566 J. D. Rees, Notes of a journey from Kasreen to Hamadan across the Karaghan country, ~ fig. Map of a journey from Kasveen to Hamadan}
SOURCE for Kazvin
« Next day we reached Kazvín after a short stage, during which we descended into the plain of which I have already spoken. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 78
« Kazvin is a large and flourishing town of 40,000 inhabitants. Its bazārs are good and it has a post and telegraph office » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 166
SOURCE for Qazvin
during the time (1548–97) that the Safavid capital was Qazvin. #EB2002
« thence-with the city of Qazvin lying 4 leagues distant on the left hand » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 168
SOURCE for Qazwyn
« Qazwyn » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, }

R42-068 Perissophoon
R42-068 Perissophoon : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Farseyan , Farsian , Farsiyan , Parsian , Parsiyan , فارسيان ,
VARIANT names: Farsian , Parsac , Perissophoon , Pirissiphon ,
SOURCE for Farsian
SOURCE for Parsac
« Parsac » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, }
SOURCE for Perissophoon
« We left Cazbyn at ten at night, therby avoyding Sol's too much warmth; and at his first discovery from the Antipodes, got into Perissophoon; a small Towne, but memorable in the sweet coole water we had there to quench our thirst with; an Element more usefull than fire, in Sun-burnt Asia. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 210
SOURCE for Pirissiphon
« This night we came to Pirissiphon [Farsian], a poore village, bein 3 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64

R42-069 Asaph
R42-069 Asaph : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Arasan , Arasanj , Arasanj-e `Olya , Arasanj-e Bala , Arasanj-e Qadim , Aresanij , آراسنج , آراسنج بالا , آراسنج قديم ,
VARIANT names: Arasangh , Arasanj , Araseng , Arazangue , Areseng , Asaph ,
SOURCE for Arasangh
« Nous trouvames beaucoup de gre-nades au village d'Arafangh, fruit très-rafraichiflant et à très-bon marché. [We found many pomegranates in the village of Arafangh, a very refreshing and very cheap fruit.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 178
SOURCE for Arasanj
SOURCE for Araseng
« We travell'd that night seven Leagues, and were got the next day, being the 15. very betimes in the morning, to a fair Village, named Araseng. We found there, in a Garden which was seated on the right side of a Torrent, good store of Pomegranates and Almonds, which were a great refreshment to us. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 192
SOURCE for Arazangue
« A 11, con más de una ora de sol, se salió de este carauasar, y aunque se caminó toda la noche á buen paso y hasta una ora despues de auer salido, no se pudo llegar antes á un aldea adonde se auia de parar, que se llamaua Arazangue, siendo nueue leguas de jornada. [At 11, with more than an hour of sunlight, we left this caravan, and although we walked all night at a good pace and until an hour after leaving, we could not reach a village where we had to stop, which was called Arazangue, being nine leagues of journey.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 5 p. 78
« [margin: 11] On the 16th 11th, he departed from the caravanserai with over an hour of sunlight remaining, and though the caravan traveled at a quick pace the night through, it only managed to reach the village where we were to rest from our travels an hour after sun-up. The village, which was nine leagues away, was called Arāsanj.303 Here the Ambassador took suitable lodging with a [fol. 294v-b] large family consisting of a poor man and his three married sons. They fully extended to him the same generosity he received elsewhere. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 450
SOURCE for Areseng
« On the 18 we came to the Village Areseng, which is situated in a very pleasant Countrey and withall fertile, affoarding good store of Fruit, as Pomegranats, Oranges, Lemmons and other Summer Fruits then out of season. Here we thought good to take up our Nights Lodging. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 307
SOURCE for Asaph
« Our next Manzeil was at Asaph, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 210

R42-070 Begun
R42-070 Begun : place IRN (caravanserai)
NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: -3765766 coordinate: lat 35.412 long 50.2065
NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , كاروانسرای شاه عباسی ,
VARIANT names: Begum , Begun , Choskera Caravansera , Choskeru , Choskeru Caravansera , Goschärri-Karwanserei , Karavanserail Khoshkak , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi (Khoshkrud) , Khoshkrud Caravanserai , Khoskeru , Kochkeria caravanserai , Kockera ,
SOURCE for Begum
« The 12th daye at night we ca(me to) Begum (1), a fayer caravansero; (the) water here is brackish. This ca(ravansero) was built by the Shaw [Shah] or King then, weh was, as I vnderstood, this Shaw A(bbases) father. Here we rested in the heat of the daye, haueing traveled 10 lges,
fn. 1 See Herbert's Travels, p. 214, note. Apparently this was known as the Begum's Caravanserai, having been built by Zaynab Begum, daughter of Shah Tahmäsp and chief wife of Shah Abbas. »
« PAGE 2141 ‘Begum’ in the first edition. It is evidently the caravanserai described by Della Valle (vol. ii, p. 579), who says that it was known as the Begum's caravanserai, because it was built by Zainab Begum (a name which Chardin, vol. ii, p. 406, turns into 'Heinab Begum '), daughter of Shah Tahmäsp and chief wife of Shah 'Abbas. » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 326 notes
SOURCE for Begun
« at Begun our next, observable in a royall Carvans-raw or Hospitall of charity, erected at the cost and care of Tahamas late King of Persia: and did the water (too brackish and unhealthy there) but correspond with other delights, it might better merit commendation. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 210
SOURCE for Choskera Caravansera
« The 8. we left Saba betimes in the morning, and travell'd that day nine leagues, to a Caravansera named Choskera. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 286
SOURCE for Choskeru
« ‘Choskeru,’ 1618 According to Laurelius, Oxenstierna travelled from Isfahan to Hormuz and back again, following the same route ... located exactly where the early travellers placed it, between Qazvin and Saveh, c. 125 kms. from the former and 54 kms. from the latter. » #3672 D.T. Potts, Bengt Bengtsson Oxenstierna (1591–1643): A critical reassessment of his two journeys to the Near East, Fornvännen, Stockholm, 2021 116: ~ p. 121-2
« Härmed bortfaller varje skymt av tvivel på att herr Bengt verkligen tagit vägen över Saba på sin resa till Kasvin. (1) Ty från Choskeru begav sig den holsteinska ambassadören följande dag till denna stad, som befanns vara omgiven med en ringmur och består av mycket förfallna hus. fn 1 Det finns också ett belägg på att Olcarius själv varit i Khoskeru. Engelsmannen John Bell, som, deltog i den ambassad tsar Peter I år 1715 skickade till schahen av Persien, säger:fn 1 Det finns också ett belägg på att Olcarius själv varit i Khoskeru. Engelsmannen John Bell, som, deltog i den ambassad tsar Peter I år 1715 skickade till schahen av Persien, säger:The 21st (Febr. 1717), after a journey of three hours, we came to an old caravansery, called Idioop, where we rested; then advanced four agatz to another, called Kockera, situated in an extensive plain. The snow was now altogether gone, and the water at this place very bad. In an upper room of this caravansery, I saw the names of many Furopeans cut on the wall, in different languages: among which was that of Olearius, secretary to the Holstein ambassadors, who published a very exact account of that fruitless embassy. [This removes any shadow of doubt that Mr. Bengt really crossed Saba on his journey to Kasvin. (1) For from Choskeru the Holstein ambassador set out the following day for this city, which was found to be surrounded by a ring wall and consists of very dilapidated houses. fn 1 There is also evidence that Olcarius himself had been in Khoskeru. The Englishman John Bell, who participated in the embassy sent by Tsar Peter I in 1715 to the Shah of Persia, says:fn 1 There is also evidence that Olcarius himself had been in Khoskeru. The Englishman John Bell, who participated in the embassy sent by Tsar Peter I in 1715 to the Shah of Persia, says:The 21st (February 1717), after a journey of three hours, we came to an old caravansery, called Idioop, where we rested; then advanced four agatz to another, called Kockera, situated in an extensive plain. The snow was now altogether gone, and the water at this place very bad. In an upper room of this caravansery, I saw the names of many Furopeans cut on the wall, in different languages: among which was that of Olearius, secretary to the Holstein ambassadors, who published a very exact account of that fruitless embassy.] » #3673 Hedin, Sven, Resare-bengt: En Levnadsteckning, Albert Bonniers Förlag, Stockholm, 1921 ~ p. 452
SOURCE for Choskeru Caravansera
« and Lodg'd the 16. in the morning, at a Caravanscra, named Choskeru. It was all built of Free-stone, and had several Vaults and Chambers, dispos'd all about a spacious Court, in the midst whereof there was a Well, compass'd by an Iron-rail. Upon the Walls of several Rooms, were to be seen the names and devises of several persons of most Nations, who, it seems, had been desirous to leave there behind them some marks of their passage that way. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 192
« Zu Abend machten wir vno wieder auff/giengen über flach Gebirge 6. Meilen/vnd kerten den 16. dieses gegen Morgenin eine Carwanfera, Choskeru genant/ein. Diese Carwanfera ist groß vnd von Quadersteinen sehr wol vnd or-dentlich gebawet/hat viel gewdlbete Gemacher und Ställe; In der mitten einen groffen Hoff ond beschlagenen Brunnen. Man sahe in den Gemachern, an den Wanden hin und wieder vielerley Schrifften/von mancherley durchgereiseten Nationen in den Kalck geschnitten/vinter andern waren auff dem forder Gebawde folgende Namen ond Schrifften zulesen: Benedictus Oxenstirn. Item Johan Warder 1600. apr. 10. Worbey: Olim meminifle juvabit. Item: fi nihil abftuleris, ibis honore foras. Hinten an einer andern Wand: Janus Docofius 1602. Aug. 12. Darbey dieser Vers:Noli homines blandos nimium fermone probare, Fistula dulce canit volucrem,dum decipit auceps.Item A.D.1602.19. Aug: Worbey:Fata fi miferosjuvant, habes falutem, Fata fi vitam negant, habes ſepulcrum..Item Fæmina dum plorat, Ruſticus ebrius orat, Mercator jurat, nemo credere curat. [In the evening we set off again and walked six miles over low mountains, and on the 16th of this month, towards morning, we entered a caravanserai called Choskeru. This caravanserai is large and very well and neatly built of ashlar stone; it has many vaulted rooms and stables; in the middle a large courtyard and a covered well. In the rooms, on the walls here and there, one saw various inscriptions carved in lime by various nations that had passed through; among others, on the front building, the following names and inscriptions could be read: Benedictus Oxenstirn. Item Johan Warder 1600. apr. 10. Worbey: It will help to remember the past.Item: if nothing is taken away, you will go out with honor.At the back on another wall: Janus Docofius 1602. Aug. 12. Darbey this verse:Do not try too many bland men. The sweet flute sings the bird, while it deceives the bird.Item A.D.1602.19. Aug: Worbey:If the fairies are happy, you have a fortune. If the fairies deny you life, you have a grave. itemWhile a woman cries, a drunken rustic prays, a merchant swears, no one cares to believe.] » #3674 Olearius, Adam, Offt begehrte Beschreibung der newen orientalischen Reise.., Schleswig/ Ben Jacob zur Glocken, 1647 ~ p. 366
« On the 19 we betook our selvs to our Journey, and that day tra|vailed about 24 [English] Miles, over a high, but level way, coming towards night to the great Carawansera called Choskeru. This is a very commodious and large Inn, built altogether of square stones, within is a spacious Court where was a Fountain of very good Water: the Rooms and Appartments were no less commodious. On the Walls I found several Dutch, Polish and Russian Names, and also wrote my own. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 407
SOURCE for Goschärri-Karwanserei
« Durchreisende hinterließen gern ihre Namen an den Wänden. So fand Kaemp-fer in der großen, zwischen Kaswin und Sahweh gelegenen Goschärri-Kara-wanserei die Namen: »1669 Adam Frantzen Chirurgus«, also ein Kollege, und dann las er gewiß mit starker Bewegung » Adam Olearius Saxo 1638, 3. Jan. "und dahinter die trübseligen Verse >>Persia mentitur fortunam fraude referta Interea si respicis nihil nisi pestis erit (Persien gaukelt mit Lug und Trug dir dein Glück vor. Schaust du indessen zurück, wird nichts als Unheil dir bleiben). [ 2,383 Travelers often left their names on the walls. Thus, Kaempfer found the names "1669 Adam Frantzen Chirurgus," a colleague, in the large Gosherri caravanserai located between Kasvin and Sahveh. He then surely read with great emotion, "Adam Olearius Saxo 1638, January 3," followed by the gloomy verses: "Persia menitur fortunam fraude referta Interea si respicis nihil nisi pestis erit" (Persia deceives you with false hope; if you look back, however, nothing but misfortune will remain).] » #3677 Meier-Lemgo, Karl, Engelbert Kaempfer (1651 - 1716) erforscht das seltsame Asien., Cram, de Gruyter and Co., Hamburg, 1960 ~ p. 38
SOURCE for Karavanserail Khoshkak
« Karavanserail Khoshkak (Taf. 1,4-2,2) am Weg von Qazvin nach Saveh (Abb.3 und 15)Lage: Das Karavanserail steht in + 1540 m ü. N.N., etwa 20 km südlich von Hedjib, an der Karawanenroute von Qazvin nach Esfahan auf einer Hochebene.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, nicht vor die Fassade vorgezogenem Portalbau und acht Stall-Abschnit-ten.Abmessungen: 95 x 88 m Außenmaße, 62,50×56m Hof-abmessungen. Der Portalbau ist zweigeschossig (Abb. 15) und zur Mittelachse hin abgestuft (Abb. 16). [Khoshkak Caravanserail (Plates 1.4–2.2) on the road from Qazvin to Saveh (Figs. 3 and 15)
Location: The caravanserail is situated at an elevation of 1,540 m above sea level, approximately 20 km south of Hejib, on the caravan route from Qazvin to Isfahan, on a plateau.
Type: Courtyard caravanserail with four iwans, a gatehouse not projecting from the facade, and eight stable sections.
Dimensions: 95 x 88 m external dimensions, 62.50 x 56 m courtyard dimensions. The gatehouse has two stories (Fig. 15) and is stepped towards the central axis (Fig. 16).] » #3473 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1997 Band 3:Teil 2: ~ p. 20
SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi (Khoshkrud)
SOURCE for Khoshkrud Caravanserai
CHECK
SOURCE for Khoskeru
SOURCE for Kochkeria caravanserai
« A trois heures de là on en trouve un autre fort ſpacieux appellé Kochkeria, [Three hours away there is another large, spacious fort called Kochkeria,] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 66
SOURCE for Kockera

R42-071 Saway
R42-071 Saway : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Saveh , ساوه ,
VARIANT names: Saba , Savah , Saveh , Sawa , Saway ,
SOURCE for Saba
« The 17, we came betimes in the morning, in sight of Saba, but in regard the Sun was not yet up, we made a halt at some distance from the City, to give them time to come out and receive us. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 193
« We lodg'd that night, at Saba, where we stay'd all the next day, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 286
« Saba, which is a City lying in 34 degr. and 56 min. in a plain Field having on the West the Mountains of Elivend, which for their exceeding heighth may be seen many Miles distant. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 307
SOURCE for Savah
« Desde Salmunabad á Savah recorrí cuarenta y cinco quilómetros á través de la comarca llamada Savend, uno de tantos nombres locales que no figu-ran en los mapas. [From Salmunabad to Savah I traveled forty-five kilometers through the region called Savend, one of many local names that don't appear on maps.] » #3180 Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Viaje Al Interior De Persia, ~ vol. 2 p. 35
SOURCE for Saveh
« thence 5 to the city of Savah. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
« A 9 salio el Enbaxador del carauasar de Giafarabat, aconpañandole el persiano de Saba, y no siendo grandes aquellas çinco leguas llegaron una legua de la çiudad, dos oras antes que amaneçiese, á una mezquita medio caida, [At 9 o'clock the Ambassador left the caravan of Giafarabat, accompanied by the Persian of Saba, and those five leagues not being great, they arrived one league from the city, two hours before dawn, at a half-fallen mosque,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 5 p. 76
SOURCE for Sawa
« The 13th daye att night we came to Sawa [Sava], a pretie fine towne on a playne somthing nere the side of a hill. Here is good water. This place aboundes in grapes, pomgranetes. Here we picht in a pomgranet garden, and here we stayde the 14th daye, haueing traveled 9 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65
SOURCE for Saway
« To Saway we got next night, a Towne both great and fruitfull; but that it is the ruine of old Tygranocerta (as Bonacciolus guesses at) I shall never cre|dit: that it was Messabatha, or Artacana I more easily beleeve it. The Pole is here raised 35 degrees, 7 minutes; a City I may call it: It pleasantly upon a rising hill gives ground to twelve hundred houses, a sweet rivolet from Baronta refreshing it; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 210

R42-072 Coom : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Ghom , Qom , Qum , قم ,
VARIANT names: Com , Comes , Coom , Cum , Khom , Kom , Koum , Kum , Qom , Qum , Qumm ,
SOURCE for Com
« Ce fait le Roy voulut aller à SPAHAN ville capitale de Par-thie, elloignée de CASBIN douze iournées les comptant à pas de Carauane, où nous le fuiuifmes. L'on trouue par le chemin beau-coup de bonnes places, comme entr'autres vne, qui eft appellée Com, vne autre dite CASSAN, qui eft plus grande, et plus riche que Com, comme aufli beaucoup de bourgs et villages. Tout cechemin eſt plain et vny, toutesfois d'vn coſté et d'autre on voittou-fiours des montagnes, [This done, the King wished to go to Spahan, the capital city of Parthia, twelve days distant from Casbin, counting them at the pace of Carauane, where we fled. One finds many good places along the way, such as one called Com, another called Cassan, which is larger and richer than Com, as well as many towns and villages. The whole road is flat and winding, however, on one side and the other one always sees mountains.] » #3614 unknown ed. M. Morisot, Relations veritables et curieuses de l'isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil. : Auec l'histoire de la derniere guerre faite au Bresil, entre les Portugais et les Hollandois. ; Trois relations d'Egypte, et vne du royaume de Perse, Chez Augustin Courbé, Paris, 1651 ~ p. 133
« Cette ville a 14. quartiers, et 2100. maifons, dans chacune defquelles il y a un puits, fans compter 300. abenbaars ou citernes. Elle a quatre portes, quatre Bazars, et un Meydeen, plufieurs bains, et un grand nombre de moſquées et del chapelles. [This city has 14 districts and 2100 houses, each with a well, not counting 300 cisterns or granaries. It has four gates, four bazaars, a mosque, several baths, and a large number of mosques and chapels.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 180
« D Es environs de la mon-cagne dont on fait tant de contes, on commença à voir la Ville de Com. Ayant que d'y ar-river, il faut paffer devant cinq endroits de beaucoup d'étenduë, pleins de ruines, dont les débris font encore fort elevez. [From the surroundings of the mountain about which so many tales are told, one began to see the City of Com. Having to arrive there, one must pass in front of five places of great extent, full of ruins, whose debris still stands very high.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 p. 67
SOURCE for Comes
« The 16th daye at night we came to the fayre citie Comes [Qum], weh lieth on a plaine. ... Here we picht in a pomgranet garden, haueing traveled 6 lges, In this towne ther is a fine marked [market] place. Here we stayed the 17th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65
SOURCE for Coom
« by this wee are entred Coom? where we refresht our
description
PAGE 212
scorched and wearied bodies three dayes: In which time wee could not chuse but gather something.
COOM, (in the latitude of 34 degrees 40 minutes) is a City of good note, in Parthia; placed in the mid-way 'twixt those two royall Cities, Cazbyn and Spawhawn. It is scituate in an ample and faire sandy plain, and yeelds every way an exact horizon. Coom, gives place to no other Towne in Persia for antiquity; the ruines appearing at this day, gaine some be|leife in the inhabitants, whose common saying is, it was once compara|ble to Babylon. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 212
SOURCE for Cum
A 8, á la ora ordinaria, se començó á caminar de es-paçio por no auer hasta Cum mas de quatro leguas, [At 8 o'clock, at the ordinary time, they began to walk from space to Cum but not more than four leagues,]
SOURCE for Khom
« On the 25 we came to the City Khom, and took up our Lodging in a Carawansera near to the great Maydan. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 308
SOURCE for Kom
« De là à Kom il y a encore ſept ou huit heures de marche dans des terres feches et des fables falez: mais à une demi-lieuë de Kom la terre eft bonne et de grand rapport. [From there to Kom there is still seven or eight hours' walk through barren lands and barren fields: but half a league from Kom the land is good and of great yield.] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 67
« The 19. we travell'd five Leagues,* 11.193 and got in the morning before the City of Kom. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 193
« The third, we came to the Citie of Kom, where we were assign'd lodgings, in very fair houses neer the Basar, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 285
SOURCE for Koum
« A Koum, tout nous parut fort bien. Les bazars sont vastes et il y a de belles maisons avec de grands jar-dins. La ville a un certain air provincial qui ne déplaît pas. Koum est une ville sainte. Sa mosquée, fort grande, est ornée d'un dome tout doré et de construction mo-derne très-élégante. [In Koum, everything seemed very good to us. The bazaars are vast, and there are beautiful houses with large gardens. The town has a certain provincial air that is quite appealing. Koum is a holy town. Its very large mosque is adorned with a gilded dome and is of very elegant, modern construction.] » #3657 Gobineau Comte de, Trois ans en Asie (de 1855 à 1858), Libraire de L. Hachette et Cie, Paris, 1859 ~ vol. 1 p. 256
SOURCE for Kum
« For the golden dot is the dome of the great and most sacred mosque of Kum. Kum is one of those cities to which, renowned for their sanctity, pilgrims flock on their earthly journey towards Paradise. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 296
« Kum is little less than a city of mosques, minarets, madrasahs, and corpses, for, next to Meshad, it is the most famous burial-place in Persia. Its special sanctity is due to the fact that it is the proud possessor of the shrine of Fatima, sister of Imam Riza, the eighth Imam. She was interred here in A.D. 816, and honors are accorded her that Mohammedanism rarely vouchsafes to a woman. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 414
« Kûm, Ash Wednesday, 1890 » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 160
« Kûm, March 23. » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 211
« The first of these telegraph stations is at Kum, and thither I at once made my way through the spice-laden twilight of the bazaars. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 168
« Pool-e-dulak to Kúm, 31 1. R., 14 ?.Cross the Gonsir river by brick bridge, thence some 7 miles across barren desert plain, on which but little vegetation is visible. 7 miles, cultivation on left of road, extending to small village, distant about a mile from road. To the right, also, a small hamlet off the road; enter and pass through low bare hillocks and broken ground, with gradual ascent to left bank of Kúm river. Cultivation extends some distance to the right; post-house and serai on bank of river, opposite a brick bridge. Supplies of corn and provisions here abundant. » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 55
SOURCE for Qom
SOURCE for Qum
« thence 6 to Qum, » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
SOURCE for Qumm

R42-073 Zenzen
R42-073 Zenzen : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Sansen , Sen Sen , Sinsin , سن سن ,
VARIANT names: Çençen , Deffinfim , Sen Sen , Sensen , Sinfin , Sinsin , Sin-Sin , Zenzen ,
SOURCE for Çençen
« A la tarde, despues de ponerse el sol salio el Enbaxa-dor de Caxen, y aunque se camino casi toda la noche por tierra llana no se llegó hasta que queria amanecer á una pequeña aldea llamada Çençen, ... Con el calor del sol se encendio el dia de manera que se padeçio gran trabaxo, no auiendo en que se recoger y defender del gran calor sino unas paredes medio arruinadas de vn carauasar viejo, reco-giendose el Enbaxador á la mezquita del aldea, que no era mayor que una estrecha çelda de frayles, con las paredes muy delgadas y grandes ventanas á todas partes. [In the afternoon, after sunset, the Ambassador of Caxen set out, and although he walked almost all night over flat land, he did not arrive until dawn at a small village called Çençen... With the heat of the sun, the day became so intense that great hardship was suffered, there being nowhere to take shelter and defend oneself from the great heat except some half-ruined walls of an old caravanserai, the Ambassador taking refuge in the village mosque, which was no bigger than a narrow friar's cell, with very thin walls and large windows on all sides.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 66
SOURCE for Deffinfim
« Le douzieme nous partimes à une heure aprés minuit.. Nous marchâmes douze heures toû-ours dans la plaine, et nous paſſames devant pluſieurs beaux Jardins enclos de fort hautes murailles qui font des lieux de plai-ſance des Roys de Perſe, où ils viennent quand ils veulent aller à la chaffe. Le Village où nous logeâmes ſe nomme Deffinfim. [On the twelfth, we departed at one o'clock after midnight. We walked for twelve hours, always across the plain, and we passed several beautiful gardens enclosed by very high walls, which are pleasure grounds for the Kings of Persia, where they come when they wish to go to the baths. The village where we stayed is called Deffinfim.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 p. 71
SOURCE for Sen Sen
SOURCE for Sensen
« The 19th daye we came at night to Sensen [Sin-sin), a verie poore towne in a verie barren place nere a hill. Here we piched in a veri poore caravanserow out of the towne about half a mile (here the water is sweet), hauing traveled 6 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65
« The 23. we got seven Leagues, to the Village of Sensen, where we found abundance of Pro|visions and fruits, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 194
« In the after-noon, we got on hors-back, and reach'd that day five leagues, to the Village of Sensen. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 285
« The next day we got the Village Sensen, lying about 5 Dutch Miles distant from Kaschan where on the 3 day of Ianuary we arrived to|wards the Evening, taking up our Quarters at a very noble and com|modious Carawansera, seeming rather a Palace than an Inn. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 310
SOURCE for Sinfin
« Le neuvième nous nous repofâmes à celui de Sinfin à 7. lieuës de l'en-droit, où nous avions paffé la nuit. Ce village eft affez grand, et on y trouve plufieurs bâtimens et des Caravanserais ruinés. [On the ninth day we rested at Sinfin, 7 leagues from the place where we had camped the night. This village is quite large, and there are several buildings and ruined caravansers.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 181
SOURCE for Sinsin
« At Sinsin the next evening it was gloriously cold. » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 225
SOURCE for Sin-Sin
« but, as the sun was sinking, pushed on past Nasrahad, and eventually drove up to our night's rest-house at Sin-Sin through a world bathed in floods of magnificent moonlight. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 296
« Pasengan to Sin-Sin, 51 ?. ?. 21 ? » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 55
SOURCE for Zenzen
« From Coom we rode to Zenzen; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 213

R42-074 Cashan
R42-074 Cashan : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 10325556 coordinate: lat 33.997284 long 51.441575
NIMA/GNS names: Kachan , Kashan , كاشان ,
VARIANT names: Cachan , Caixan , Caixao , Cascian , Cashan , Cassan , Cassian , Caxen , Kachan , Kaschan , Kashan , Katschan , Qasan ,
SOURCE for Cachan
« A la pointe du jour nous apperçumes Cachan, où nous arrivames a 7. heures du matin. Une partie de la caravane alla loger dans la ville, et le refte dans le Caravanferan du fauxbourg. [At daybreak we sighted Cachan, where we arrived at 7 o'clock in the morning. Part of the caravan went to stay in the town, and the rest in the Caravanferan of the suburb.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 182
« Le treiziéme érant partis à deux heures aprés minuit, nôtre courſe fut de neuf heures. Au commencement le chemin fut fort mauvais, et nous trouvámes pluſieurs Villages des habitez, avant que d'arriver à Cachan, dont le Caravanferail eft tres-beau. [The thirteenth departure was at two o'clock after midnight, our journey lasted nine hours. At the beginning the road was very bad, and we encountered several inhabited villages before arriving at Cachan, whose caravanserai is very beautiful.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 p. 71
« Il y a dans Cachan ... les Carvanferas grands et commodes; mais il y en a un entr'autres qui eftoit fort magnifique proche des jardins du Roy à l'entrée de la ville, dans lequel je logeay à mon dernier voyage d'Afie. Tant le Carvanfera que les Jardins font des ouvrages de Chabas I. du nom, et il y fit une fort grande depenfe. Ce Carvanfera à environ 100. pas en quarre, il eſt bati de brique, et à deux étages, et contient prés de fix vingt chambres voutées et d'une raiſonnable grandeur. [In Cachan there are... large and comfortable Carvanferas; but there is one among others that was quite magnificent near the King's Gardens at the entrance to the town, in which I stayed on my last trip to Africa. Both the Carvanfera and the Gardens are the work of Chabas I, and he spent a very large amount on them. This Carvanfera, about 100 paces square, is built of brick, has two stories, and contains nearly twenty vaulted rooms of reasonable size.] » #3632 Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, Les six voyages de Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ecuyer Baron d'Aubonne, qu'il a fait en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes,, Chez Gervais Clouzier et Claude Barbin, 1676 ~ p. 72
SOURCE for Caixan
« in analogous manner, but more evidently, the name of the city of Kashan, rendered once with 'Caixan' and once with 'Caixào', a few lines after (f. 3r). » #3224 Margherita Farina, Giovanni Battista Raimondi's Travel in the Middle East: A Case of Sixteenth-Century Portuguese-Italian Interference, Oriente Moderno, NUOVA SERIE, ~ pp. 55-6
SOURCE for Caixao
« CAIXÃO, cidade de-Kashan, em 33' 59' lat. N. e 51° 30' long. E., capital da província persa do mesmo nome. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda - História do des- cobrimento e conquista da India pelos Portugueses]. [CAIXÃO, city of Kashan, in 33' 59' N. lat. and 51° 30' E. long., capital of the Persian province of the same name. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda - History of the discovery and conquest of India by the Portuguese].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. A-C p. 145
« From this city of whatever name, the Portugals, pursuing their course to the Shah of Persia, arrived at the city of Cayxam (Kashan) on the Friday of July 20th 1515 » #3565 Smith, Ronald Bishop, The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970 ~ p. 44
« From here they will depart for Ormuz by another winding road that passes through many towns and places, very useful land with large livestock; they will arrive at the city of Caixão, where they will stay for fifteen days » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p.249
SOURCE for Cascian
« VI. Io dico adunque, che avendo già veduto e osservato in Cascian ciò che di sopra ho scritto, ed essendoci riposati abba-stanza, la domenica a sera del ventotto di gennaio ci partimmo, [VI. I say, then, that having already seen and observed in Cascian what I have written above, and having rested sufficiently, we departed on Sunday evening, the twenty-eighth of January,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 1 p. 572
SOURCE for Cashan
« and thence to Cashan, a gallant Citie; from Coom six and thirty miles: the way was easie and plaine, but somewhat sandie. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 213
« Cashan is not lesse than York or Norwich, above foure thousand families are accounted in her: the houses are fairely built, the streets be large and comly; the Mosqus and Hummums are curiously painted and ceruleated, with a feigned Turquoise: the Buzzar is spatious and uniforme; furnished with Silks, Damasks, rich Carpets, Sattens, and cloth of gold; no part of the Persian Monarchy shewes better, or more variety, nor a people more exactly industrious. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 214
SOURCE for Cassan
« Odoric expressly says that Kashan, or Cassan,' as he calls it, was 'the city of the Three Kings' and that these worshippers set out from there to Jerusalem, which they reached by divine aid in thirteen days. (4) The passage in the account of Odoric de Por-denone reads as follows: -'DE LA CITÉ DE CASSAN. - De ceste cité m'en alay vers la grant Inde par mer. Si vins par maintes journées a une cité des trois roys qui firent offrande à Jhesu Crist nouvel né. Et appelle on ceste cité de Cassan, cité royal de grant honneur mais Tartre l'ont moult destruite. De cette cité de Cassan jusques en Jherusalem a plus de journées dont on puet clerement appercevoir que ly troy Roy de ceste cité de Cassan furent en XIII journées amené en Jherusa par vertu divine et non humaine. En ceste cité a moult grand hab dance de tous biens, de pain, et de vin et de toutes autres choses.'fn. 4 See Odoric de Pordenone, ed. Cordier, p. 41, Paris, 1891. »
#3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 412
« Ce fait le Roy voulut aller à SPAHAN ville capitale de Par-thie, elloignée de CASBIN douze iournées les comptant à pas de Carauane, où nous le fuiuifmes. L'on trouue par le chemin beau-coup de bonnes places, comme entr'autres vne, qui eft appellée Com, vne autre dite CASSAN, qui eft plus grande, et plus riche que Com, comme aufli beaucoup de bourgs et villages. Tout cechemin eſt plain et vny, toutesfois d'vn coſté et d'autre on voittou-fiours des montagnes, [This done, the King wished to go to Spahan, the capital city of Parthia, twelve days distant from Casbin, counting them at the pace of Carauane, where we fled. One finds many good places along the way, such as one called Com, another called Cassan, which is larger and richer than Com, as well as many towns and villages. The whole road is flat and winding, however, on one side and the other one always sees mountains.] » #3614 unknown ed. M. Morisot, Relations veritables et curieuses de l'isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil. : Auec l'histoire de la derniere guerre faite au Bresil, entre les Portugais et les Hollandois. ; Trois relations d'Egypte, et vne du royaume de Perse, Chez Augustin Courbé, Paris, 1651 ~ p. 133
SOURCE for Cassian
« The 20th daye at night we came to the fayre citie of Cassian (Kashan), lying in the cuntrey of Parthia. On the waye between this citie and the foresayde citie of Comes the cuntrey of the Par-thiance and the Medians are parted. Here we piched in a caravansero that Shaw Abbas built, the fayerest that ever I saw it is big innaw to lodge any king of Chrissendom was all his trayne-hauing traveled 7 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 66
SOURCE for Caxen
« Llegose á Caxen, adonde auia gran número de otras mugeres cubiertas con sus mantos blancos, sobre las paredes, varandas y otras partes altas, y ansi se en-tro por la çiudad, aunque fuera de lo que della está rrodeado de muralla, que es alta y muy bien labrada, hasta el Maydan, que es una larga calle, aunque no tanto como la de Xiras, pero mas ancha, con muchos arboles por las vandas á raiz de las paredes, adonde ay algunas casas y dentro grande arboleda de huertas. [He arrived at Caxen, where there were a great number of other women covered with their white cloaks, on the walls, balustrades and other high parts, and thus he entered the city, although outside of what is surrounded by a wall, which is high and very well made, up to the Maydan, which is a long street, although not as long as that of Xiras, but wider, with many trees along the sides at the base of the walls, where there are some houses and inside a large grove of orchards.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 2 p. 57
SOURCE for Kachan
« Kachan » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, }
SOURCE for Kaschan
« Malgré la vue de tout le peuple de Kaschan, venu au-devant de nous, y compris la communauté juive, l'im-patience nous prenait un peu d'une route aussi longue, quand, à la fin, nous arrivames, et la première vue de notre logis dissipa comme une fumée notre mécontentement. [Despite the sight of all the people of Kashan, who came to meet us, including the Jewish community, we were a little impatient with such a long journey, when, at last, we arrived, and the first sight of our lodging dissipated our discontent like smoke.] » #3657 Gobineau Comte de, Trois ans en Asie (de 1855 à 1858), Libraire de L. Hachette et Cie, Paris, 1859 ~ vol. 1 p. 237
« The 27. we came to the Citie of Kaschan, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 285
« Kaschan where on the 3 day of Ianuary we arrived to|wards the Evening, taking up our Quarters at a very noble and commodious Carawansera, seeming rather a Palace than an Inn. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 310
SOURCE for Kashan
« I journeyed to Kashan (25), where I stayed for a month, fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109
« Passing the post-house of Mohamedye and Gaz, Kashan came in sight over an undulation in the sand, and we were soon threading the narrow lanes of this, one of the largest business places of Persia. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 295
« thence 12 to Kāshān. Total, from Sävah to Kāshān it is 22 leagues. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 175
« we caught sight of the blue domes of the mosques at Kashan that rose with a glimpse of color over the brown plain. Kashan, pronounced in Persian as Kashan, is flanked by mountains and hills on the south, west, and northwest, but on the other sides it lies open to the plain. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 410
« Kashan is one of the hottest places on the great Persian plateau, but has the rare luxury of a good water supply brought from a reservoir some distance off in the Kuhrūd mountains. It has a much-diminished population, said now to number 30,000 souls. Much of it is in ruins, and much more is ruinous. It has a thriving colony of Jews. It is noted for its silks and velvets; but the modern productions are regarded by judges as degenerate. It is still famous for its work in copper and for its great copper bazar. » #3644 Bishop, Isabella L., Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, John Murray, London, 1891 ~ vol. 1 p. 230
« Next day brought us to another considerable town- Káshán-after an uneventful march of about seven hours, broken by a halt for lunch at a village called Nasrábád, at which I was supplied with one of the excellent melons grown in the neighbourhood. » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 173
« and crawling along in true caravan fashion, entered Káshán soon after sunset, and » #3380 Browne, Edward Granville, A year amongst the Persians; impressions as to the life, character, and thought of the people of Persia, received during twelve month's residence in that country in the years 1887-8, Adam and Charles Black, 1893 ~ p. 548
« Sin-Sin to Kashan, 4) ?. ?., 20 ?. ... Enter Kashan by road rudely paved with stones; a considerable town, celebrated for its silk manufactures. » #3696 Claude Clerk, Notes in Persia, Khorassan, and Afghanistan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1861 vol. 31:pp. 37-65 ~ p. 56
SOURCE for Katschan
« The Persians put this City of Katschan at 84 degrees longitude, and at thirty four distant from the Line. After an exact Observation of three days, I found that it is distant from it thirty three degrees and 51 minutes, that is, nine minutes less. The City is of a great length, reaching from East to West, above half a German League. Its Walls and bastions are of a kind of Potters day, and it lies in a great Plain, the ground of which is good enough for Tillage, » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 194
SOURCE for Qasan

R42-075 Bizdebode
R42-075 Bizdebode : place IRN
VARIANT names: Abu Zaydabad , Bizdebode ,
SOURCE for Abu Zaydabad
SOURCE for Bizdebode
« The 23th daye at night being dispached we came to Bizdebode [Abū Zaydābād], wher in a cara-vanse [ro] we lodged, hauing traveled 5 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67
« Leaving these, and Cashan: on the 23 of August, wee made Bizdebode our Manzeil, 18 miles off. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 215

R42-076 Natane
R42-076 Natane : place IRN
NIMA/GNS names: Natanz , نطنز ,
VARIANT names: Natan , Natane , Natanz , Natens , Tane ,
SOURCE for Natan
« The 24th daye att night we came to Natan [Natanz]; here is good water; the towne lieth in a narrow craggie place between two hills, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67
SOURCE for Natane
« Thence we rode to Natane or Tane, where Darius Anno M. 3635. breath his last by the treacherous hands of Bessus the per|fidious Bactrian. The Lodge here as asham'd of such a memorie, seemes to hide itselfe 'twixt two loftie hills, from the eye of heaven: but from whose tops wee might discerne large vallyes thick sowne with Villages, and wa|terd in many circum-gyrings. Thirty miles our last nights travell was; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 215
SOURCE for Natanz
SOURCE for Natens
« The 25. being Christmas-day, we saw, neer the Village of Kaskabath, within two leagues of Serdehe, how the King was encamped there under several Tents, which being of divers colours, made a very delightfull show. The Ambassadors sent thither the Sieur Francis Mur|rher, who understood the Turkish language. He made the King so handsom and respectfull a Complement, that his Majesty openly express'd how much he was satisfy'd therewith. In the mean time we pass'd on, and went and lodg' in the little Citie of Natens. » #3669 Adam Olearius, Johann Albrecht von Mandelslo, John Davies, The Voyages and Travells of the Ambassadors Sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, J. Starkey and T. Basset, 1669 ~ p. 285
SOURCE for Tane

R42-077 Reig : place IRN
NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 6013537 coordinate: lat 32.9099 long 51.7671
NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad-e Rig , `Aliabad-e Rik , Kharabehha-ye `Aliabad , علی آباد ریگ , علی آباد ریک ,
VARIANT names: `Aliabad-e Rig , Reegue , Reig , Ric , Ruk ,
SOURCE for `Aliabad-e Rig
SOURCE for Reegue
« Our first nights journey was to Reegue (or Reig) an houres riding from Spahawne. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 163
SOURCE for Reig
« and next night we got to Reig, more than that it was one and twenty miles from Natan, not worth the memorizing: unlesse you will accept its di|stance from Spahawn, nine English miles or three farsangs. And from Cas|byn 260 or thereupon. And where I will give over a Diary, desiring no longer to defraud thy patience. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 215
SOURCE for Ric
« Notre marche du dix-huitieme, depuis quatre heures da foir jusqu'au Village nommé Ric fut de huit heures. Nous y reſtâmes tout le dix-neuviéme, le vingtiemenous en partimes à-deux heures aprés minuit. La plaine que nous travertimes eſt route ſemée de Villages. On trouve là en chemin faiſant je ne ſcay combien de petits ponts d'eſpace en eſpace ſur des capaux faits exprés pour arroufee-les terres. ... Prés huit heures de courſe nous aurivâmes ſur les dix heu res du matin à Hiſpaham. [Our march on the eighteenth, from four o'clock in the morning to the village called Ric, lasted eight hours. We remained there all of the nineteenth, and on the twentieth we left at two o'clock after midnight. The plain we crossed is dotted with villages. Along the way, one finds I don't know how many small bridges at intervals on caps made expressly to irrigate the land. ... After nearly eight hours of marching, we arrived at Hispaham around ten o'clock in the morning.] » #3649 Paul Lucas, Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas au Levant, Chez Guillaume Vandive, Paris, 1704 ~ vol. 2 pp. 75 and 77
SOURCE for Ruk
« and at night were fain to set down at Ruk a Village not far from Ispahan, by reason of the snow, remaining there also the most part of the next day. » #3675 John Struys, trans. John Morrison, The Perillous and Most Unhappy Voyages of John Struys; through Italy, Greece, … Media, Persia, …, and other places in Europe, Africa and Asia, London, 1683 ~ p. 312

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